如何使 GRUB 重新出现并检测 Windows？

2024-6-10 • tag-icon

启动 Mint + Windows 10。我想使用 Ubuntu 而不是 Mint。这台电脑是 HP-EliteBook-Folio-1040-G1 - 很新，似乎有 UEFI，但不确定。

我开始安装 Ubuntu。Mint 安装在 1 个分区中，没有交换分区等。共有 3 个分区。2 个 ntfs 和 1 个 ext4。

我删除了 ext4 分区，选择了可用空间，创建了新的挂载点/并开始安装。由于错误，无法启动安装No EFI System Partition was found。因此，我还创建了一个交换分区和一个 700MB 的 EFI 分区，该分区来自旧 Mint 的可用空间。NTFS 分区完好无损。

现在安装已经完成。

问题：重启电脑后，Ubuntu 立即运行。Grub 没有出现。

我希望出现 GRUB 加载程序并提供选择 Ubuntu 或 Windows 的可能性。

情况如下：

sudo fsblk
[sudo] password for username: 
sudo: fsblk: command not found


sudo df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            1,9G     0  1,9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           384M  1,8M  382M   1% /run
/dev/sda6        29G  6,2G   21G  23% /
tmpfs           1,9G   25M  1,9G   2% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5,0M  4,0K  5,0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs           1,9G     0  1,9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop1       63M   63M     0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1506
/dev/loop0      256M  256M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/36
/dev/loop2       50M   50M     0 100% /snap/snap-store/467
/dev/loop3       30M   30M     0 100% /snap/snapd/8542
/dev/loop4       55M   55M     0 100% /snap/core18/1880
/dev/sda3       667M  7,8M  659M   2% /boot/efi
tmpfs           384M   68K  384M   1% /run/user/1000


sudo cat /etc/default/grub
[sudo] password for sodhreeqmonique: 
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"