一段时间以来(几个月),我的笔记本电脑上一直存在 Ubuntu 启动问题。我安装了 Windows 10 和 Ubuntu 双系统。一开始一切都运行良好,没有任何问题。过了一段时间,我注意到我无法可靠地启动 Ubuntu。我认为这是因为双系统,而且我本来就不怎么用 Windows,所以我决定一劳永逸地切换到 Ubuntu。
但即使我进行了全新安装并且只使用 Ubuntu 作为操作系统,问题仍然没有消失。以下是发生的情况:
一开始,Ubuntu 有时会无法启动。在正常的联想 BIOS 屏幕之后,屏幕只是黑屏,背光亮着。起初,这似乎只发生在我的笔记本电脑未连接电源时。从那时起,我尝试可靠地重现该问题,但似乎只是随机的。
现在它根本无法正常启动。打开它,黑屏 -> 重新启动 -> grub,选择恢复模式,启动它 -> 重新启动。只有通过恢复模式重新启动我才能正常启动,而且即使这样似乎也不能可靠地工作...我就是搞不清楚问题出在哪里,而且我每天都越来越绝望...我有大量的大学作业,所以我不能每天花几个小时来排除故障,但我收集了一些信息,所以如果有人知道我可以尝试什么,请帮助我,我将不胜感激。
根据我收集的信息,我怀疑是 BIOS 导致的显卡驱动程序问题。以下是我的规格:
联想 L460
Intel® Core™ i5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHz × 4
8 GB 内存
Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS 64 位
Gnome 版本 3.36.8
窗口系统 X11
内核:Linux 5.8.0-38-generic(x86_64)
版本:#40~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP 2021 年 1 月 6 日星期三 10:15:55 UTC
C 库:GNU C 库 / (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.31-0ubuntu9.1) 2.31
显示
描述:VGA 兼容控制器 产品:Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520] 供应商:英特尔公司 物理 ID:2 总线信息:pci@0000:00:02.0 版本:07 宽度:64 位 时钟:33MHz 功能:pciexpress msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom 配置:driver=i915 delay=0 资源:irq:128 内存:f0000000-f0ffffff 内存:e0000000-efffffff ioport:e000(size=64) 内存:c0000-dffff
蛴螬:
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
lspci | grep VGA
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Skylake GT2 [HD Graphics 520] (rev 07)
dmesg -l err -T
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:41 2021] [Firmware Bug]: TSC_DEADLINE disabled due to Errata; please update microcode to version: 0xb2 (or later)
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:41 2021] ima: Error Communicating to TPM chip
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:41 2021] ima: Error Communicating to TPM chip
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:41 2021] ima: Error Communicating to TPM chip
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:41 2021] ima: Error Communicating to TPM chip
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:42 2021] ima: Error Communicating to TPM chip
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:42 2021] ima: Error Communicating to TPM chip
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:42 2021] ima: Error Communicating to TPM chip
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:42 2021] ima: Error Communicating to TPM chip
[Mo Jän 18 11:42:46 2021] Bluetooth: hci0: Failed to send firmware header (-38)
[Mo Jän 18 11:43:47 2021] hdaudio hdaudioC0D2: Unable to bind the codec
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.8 present.
Handle 0x000D, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: LENOVO
Version: R08ET31W (1.05 )
Release Date: 12/25/2015
Address: 0xE0000
Runtime Size: 128 kB
ROM Size: 16 MB
Characteristics:
PCI is supported
PNP is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
EDD is supported
3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
Serial services are supported (int 14h)
Printer services are supported (int 17h)
CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
ACPI is supported
USB legacy is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
UEFI is supported
BIOS Revision: 1.5
Firmware Revision: 1.5
Handle 0x000E, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
Manufacturer: LENOVO
Product Name: 20FU001LGE
Version: ThinkPad L460
Serial Number: PF0GLKVC
UUID: e3a3664c-354b-11b2-a85c-a1da8458b640
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: LENOVO_MT_20FU_BU_Think_FM_ThinkPad L460
Family: ThinkPad L460
Handle 0x000F, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: LENOVO
Product Name: 20FU001LGE
Version: SDK0J40705 WIN
Serial Number: L1HF61S00YY
Asset Tag: Not Available
Features:
Board is a hosting board
Board is replaceable
Location In Chassis: Not Available
Chassis Handle: 0x0000
Type: Motherboard
Contained Object Handles: 0
Handle 0x0032, DMI type 24, 5 bytes
Hardware Security
Power-On Password Status: Disabled
Keyboard Password Status: Not Implemented
Administrator Password Status: Disabled
Front Panel Reset Status: Not Implemented
intel-microcode is already the newest version (3.20201110.0ubuntu0.20.04.2)
dmesg | grep microcode
[ 0.046921] [Firmware Bug]: TSC_DEADLINE disabled due to Errata; please update microcode to version: 0xb2 (or later)
[ 0.183641] SRBDS: Vulnerable: No microcode
[ 0.183749] MDS: Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode
如果我需要提供更多信息,请告诉我。仅供参考,我对 GNU/Linux 还比较陌生
我的下一步将尝试更新 BIOS。