我在观看高清（720 或 1080）视频时遇到问题Ubuntu 21.04全新安装。我的 CPU 使用率非常高（所有核心都为 50%），对于 720p 视频来说，这个数字相当高。我尝试在 vlc（硬件加速）上观看同一个视频，效果非常好。我甚至尝试了 4k 视频，效果很好，CPU 使用率 < 20%。为什么 chrome 消耗这么多 CPU？
已启用标志：
这是我尝试过的：sudo apt install intel-media-va-driver
使用 4k 视频 h265 时 vlc 的 CPU 使用率，vlc 在第二行，gnome 出于某种原因截取了一个巨大的屏幕截图（6MB，必须压缩）：
chrome + youtube 的 CPU 使用率：
书呆子统计数据：
我的笔记本电脑上有一个英特尔 CPU：
lscpu
Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
Address sizes: 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
CPU(s): 8
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-7
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 4
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 142
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-8565U CPU @ 1.80GHz
Stepping: 11
CPU MHz: 2000.000
CPU max MHz: 4600.0000
CPU min MHz: 400.0000
BogoMIPS: 3999.93
Virtualization: VT-x
L1d cache: 128 KiB
L1i cache: 128 KiB
L2 cache: 1 MiB
L3 cache: 8 MiB
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-7
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: KVM: Mitigation: VMX disabled
Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected
Vulnerability Mds: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled v
ia prctl and seccomp
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user
pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Full generic retpoline, IBPB condit
ional, IBRS_FW, STIBP conditional, RSB filling
Vulnerability Srbds: Mitigation; Microcode
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtr
r pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx f
xsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rd
tscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts
rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperf
mperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx e
st tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_
1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer
aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowpre
fetch cpuid_fault epb invpcid_single ssbd ibrs
ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpi
d ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi
2 erms invpcid mpx rdseed adx smap clflushopt i
ntel_pt xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves dtherm i
da arat pln pts hwp hwp_notify hwp_act_window h
wp_epp md_clear flush_l1d arch_capabilities
我已经在 Chrome 上启用了硬件加速：
Graphics Feature Status
Canvas: Hardware accelerated
Compositing: Hardware accelerated
Multiple Raster Threads: Enabled
Out-of-process Rasterization: Hardware accelerated
OpenGL: Enabled
Rasterization: Hardware accelerated
Skia Renderer: Enabled
Video Decode: Hardware accelerated
Vulkan: Enabled
WebGL: Hardware accelerated
WebGL2: Hardware accelerated
Driver Bug Workarounds
adjust_src_dst_region_for_blitframebuffer
clear_uniforms_before_first_program_use
count_all_in_varyings_packing
decode_encode_srgb_for_generatemipmap
enable_webgl_timer_query_extensions
exit_on_context_lost
msaa_is_slow
disabled_extension_GL_KHR_blend_equation_advanced
disabled_extension_GL_KHR_blend_equation_advanced_coherent
Problems Detected
Clear uniforms before first program use on all platforms: 124764, 349137
Applied Workarounds: clear_uniforms_before_first_program_use
Mesa drivers in Linux handle varyings without static use incorrectly: 333885
Applied Workarounds: count_all_in_varyings_packing
On Intel GPUs MSAA performance is not acceptable for GPU rasterization: 527565
Applied Workarounds: msaa_is_slow
adjust src/dst region if blitting pixels outside framebuffer on Linux Intel: 664740
Applied Workarounds: adjust_src_dst_region_for_blitframebuffer
Disable KHR_blend_equation_advanced until cc shaders are updated: 661715
Applied Workarounds: disable(GL_KHR_blend_equation_advanced), disable(GL_KHR_blend_equation_advanced_coherent)
Decode and Encode before generateMipmap for srgb format textures on Linux Mesa ANGLE path: 634519
Applied Workarounds: decode_encode_srgb_for_generatemipmap
Expose WebGL's disjoint_timer_query extensions on platforms with site isolation: 808744, 870491
Applied Workarounds: enable_webgl_timer_query_extensions
Some drivers can't recover after OUT_OF_MEM and context lost: 893177
Applied Workarounds: exit_on_context_lost
ANGLE Features
allow_compressed_formats (Frontend workarounds): Enabled: true
Allow compressed formats
disable_anisotropic_filtering (Frontend workarounds): Disabled
Disable support for anisotropic filtering
disable_program_binary (Frontend features) anglebug:5007: Disabled:
<SNIP!>
...
<SNIP!>
Device Performance Information
Log Messages
[17135:17135:1001/094454.627605:ERROR:sandbox_linux.cc(374)] : InitializeSandbox() called with multiple threads in process gpu-process.
[17135:17135:1001/094454.630728:ERROR:vulkan_device_queue.cc(217)] : Vulkan: Intel(R) UHD Graphics 620 (WHL GT2)
编辑：
好吧，这可能比我最初想象的要深奥。Ubuntu 具有省电、平衡和性能等性能设置。将其设置为性能效果很好，一切似乎都很正常。但检查调节器：
sudo apt-get install cpufrequtils
检查调节器 cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor powersave powersave powersave powersave powersave powersave powersave powersave
我将调节器设置为性能，现在它看起来运行得更好了：
sudo nano /etc/default/cpufrequtils
并设置：
GOVERNOR="performance"
然后重启服务
sudo systemctl restart cpufrequtils
编辑 2：按照 Michal Przybylowicz 的说法，解码器似乎不是硬件解码器？这是怎么回事？为什么 chome 或 ubuntu 不使用硬件解码器？
编辑 2.5：这是 vainfo 的输出：
vainfo
libva info: VA-API version 1.10.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_10
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.10 (libva 2.10.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 21.1.1 ()
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
VAProfileMPEG2Simple : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileMPEG2Main : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointEncPicture
VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileVP8Version0_3 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain10 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileVP9Profile0 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileVP9Profile2 : VAEntrypointVLD
编辑3：尝试使用--enable-features = VaapiVideoDecoder运行它后，我得到：
google-chrome --enable-features=VaapiVideoDecoder
MESA-INTEL: warning: Performance support disabled, consider sysctl dev.i915.perf_stream_paranoid=0
[11790:11790:1003/113422.312061:ERROR:sandbox_linux.cc(374)] InitializeSandbox() called with multiple threads in process gpu-process.
[11790:11790:1003/113422.314845:ERROR:vulkan_device_queue.cc(217)] Vulkan: Intel(R) UHD Graphics 620 (WHL GT2)
Fontconfig error: Cannot load default config file: No such file: (null)
Fontconfig error: Cannot load default config file: No such file: (null)
Fontconfig error: Cannot load default config file: No such file: (null)
Fontconfig error: Cannot load default config file: No such file: (null)
Fontconfig error: Cannot load default config file: No such file: (null)
这个问题是怎么回事：
MESA-INTEL: warning: Performance support disabled, consider sysctl dev.i915.perf_stream_paranoid=0
我在加载 retroarch 时也看到了这一点，我尝试在设置后启动 chromesysctl dev.i915.perf_stream_paranoid=0但没有任何变化，仍然是 sw 解码器。
看起来其他人也遇到了同样的问题： https://www.reddit.com/r/chrome/comments/n6qywt/hardware_acceleration_fail_in_chrome_on_linux/