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pxe 自动安装在 ubuntu 20.04.04 上失败

tag-icon • tag-icon server 20.04 system-installation pxe cloud-init
pxe 自动安装在 ubuntu 20.04.04 上失败

我使用 .pcengines.ch (apu2) 硬件并设置了 pxe 环境自动安装，可与 ubuntu-20.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso 配合使用，但升级到 ubuntu-20.04.4-live-server-amd64.iso 时失败。

ubuntu-20.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso 的 www-server 日志：

2022/07/26 11:52:59 [notice] 1#1: start worker process 27
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:11:54:16 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso HTTP/1.1" 200 1261371392 "-" "Wget" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:11:55:23 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso HTTP/1.1" 200 1261371392 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.2-3-g899bfaa9-0ubuntu2~20.04.1" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:11:56:03 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso HTTP/1.1" 200 1261371392 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.2-3-g899bfaa9-0ubuntu2~20.04.1" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:11:56:08 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/apu21/meta-data HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.2-3-g899bfaa9-0ubuntu2~20.04.1" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:11:56:08 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/apu21/user-data HTTP/1.1" 200 1916 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.2-3-g899bfaa9-0ubuntu2~20.04.1" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:11:56:08 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/apu21/vendor-data HTTP/1.1" 301 169 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.2-3-g899bfaa9-0ubuntu2~20.04.1" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:11:56:08 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/apu21/vendor-data/ HTTP/1.1" 200 198 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.2-3-g899bfaa9-0ubuntu2~20.04.1" "-"

ubuntu-20.04.4-live-server-amd64.iso 的 www-server 日志：

192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:12:24:49 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.4-live-server-amd64.iso HTTP/1.1" 200 1331691520 "-" "Wget" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:12:25:59 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.4-live-server-amd64.iso HTTP/1.1" 200 1331691520 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.1" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [26/Jul/2022:12:26:36 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.4-live-server-amd64.iso HTTP/1.1" 200 1331691520 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.1" "-"

我在控制台的启动日志中发现错误消息：

[  OK  ] Reached target Host and Network Name Lookups.
[  138.071529] Out of memory: Killed process 1125 (cloud-init) total-vm:2661804kB, anon-rss:2475148kB, file-rss:2784kB, shmem-rss:0kB, UID:0 pgtables:4916kB oom_score_adj:0
[FAILED] Failed to start Initial cl…ob (metadata service crawler).
See 'systemctl status cloud-init.service' for details.

我的 pxe 配置文件如下：pxelinux.cfg/01-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX-XX 的内容：

    DEFAULT install
    LABEL install
      KERNEL vmlinuz
      INITRD initrd
      APPEND root=/dev/ram0 ramdisk_size=1500000 ip=dhcp url=http://192.168.41.5/ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.4-live-server-amd64.iso autoinstall ds=nocloud-net;s=http://192.168.41.5/ksfiles/apu21/ console=ttyS0,115200n8 earlyprint=serial,ttyS0,115200

在我看来，cloud-init 进程似乎是由于 OOM 在启动过程中被终止的。20.04.03 和 20.04.04 之间有显著差异吗？我该如何解决这个问题？

答案1

这显然是内存不足的问题。减少内存需求的一个简单方法是将APPEND参数添加到行中cloud-config-url=/dev/null。此参数将防止 iso 被下载cloud-init两次。

借助该cloud-config-url参数，我能够可靠地通过 PXE 自动安装具有 2GB RAM 的 20.04（我相信这包括 20.04.4），以及具有 3GB RAM 的 22.04。少于这个数量的 RAM 往往不可靠。

也可以看看

答案2

我的硬件有 4 GB——不应该是一般的内存问题......

我将 APPEND 参数更改为

APPEND root=/dev/ram0 ramdisk_size=2000000 fsck.mode=skip  ip=dhcp url=http://192.168.41.5/ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.4-live-server-amd64.iso autoinstall  ds=nocloud-net cloud-config-url=http://192.168.41.5/ksfiles/apu21/user-data s=http://192.168.41.5/ksfiles/apu21 console=ttyS0,115200n8 earlyprint=serial,ttyS0,115200

www 日志看起来像

192.168.41.20 - - [27/Jul/2022:18:12:43 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/ubuntu-20.04.4-live-server-amd64.iso HTTP/1.1" 200 1331691520 "-" "Wget" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [27/Jul/2022:18:13:18 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/apu21/user-data HTTP/1.1" 200 1916 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.1" "-"
192.168.41.20 - - [27/Jul/2022:18:13:24 +0000] "GET /ksfiles/apu21/user-data HTTP/1.1" 200 1916 "-" "Cloud-Init/21.4-0ubuntu1~20.04.1" "-"

自动安装开始 :-)

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