在我布局问题之前，这是我当前的系统信息。
➜ ~ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 20.04.5 LTS
Release: 20.04
Codename: focal
➜ ~ uname -r
5.15.0-67-generic
当我尝试通过运行来升级发行版时
sudo do-release-upgrade -d
我明白了
Checking for a new Ubuntu release
Please install all available updates for your release before upgrading.
我照做了sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y，发现有一个包可以升级但是没有升级。
1 package can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see it.
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
接下来我这样做了，sudo apt list --upgradable -a得到了
Listing... Done
libcurl3-gnutls/focal 7.87.0-1~20.04.sav0 amd64 [upgradable from: 7.68.0-1ubuntu2.16]
libcurl3-gnutls/focal-updates,focal-security,now 7.68.0-1ubuntu2.16 amd64 [installed,upgradable to: 7.87.0-1~20.04.sav0]
libcurl3-gnutls/focal 7.68.0-1ubuntu2 amd64
当我尝试通过执行安装时sudo apt-get install libcurl3-gnutls，出现以下错误
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libcurl3-gnutls : Depends: libgnutls30 (>= 3.7.2) but 3.6.13-2ubuntu1.8 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
我在这里找到了类似的问题和答案，并尝试了所有答案，但仍然没有解决。这是我尝试过的一些命令。
➜ ~ sudo apt-get install -f libcurl3-gnutls
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libcurl3-gnutls : Depends: libgnutls30 (>= 3.7.2) but 3.6.13-2ubuntu1.8 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
➜ ~ sudo apt-get install -f libgnutls30
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
libgnutls30 is already the newest version (3.6.13-2ubuntu1.8).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
最后一件事，当我尝试时aptitude，有更多信息，但似乎有风险，所以我没有继续进行（检查第二步）。
sudo aptitude install libcurl3-gnutls
The following packages will be upgraded:
libcurl3-gnutls{b}
1 packages upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 382 kB of archives. After unpacking 123 kB will be used.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libcurl3-gnutls : Depends: libgnutls30 (>= 3.7.2) but 3.6.13-2ubuntu1.8 is installed
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:
Keep the following packages at their current version:
1) libcurl3-gnutls [7.68.0-1ubuntu2.16 (focal-security, focal-updates, now)]
Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?]
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:
Remove the following packages:
1) colord [1.4.4-2 (focal, now)]
2) fwupd [1.7.9-1~20.04.2 (focal-proposed, now)]
3) gir1.2-vips-8.0 [8.10.5-2ubuntu1tonimelisma2 (focal, now)]
4) git [1:2.25.1-1ubuntu3.10 (focal-security, focal-updates, now)]
5) gnome-control-center [1:3.36.5-0ubuntu4 (focal-updates, now)]
6) hplip [3.20.3+dfsg0-2 (focal, now)]
7) kerneloops [0.12+git20140509-6ubuntu2 (focal, now)]
8) libcfitsio-dev [3.470-3 (focal, now)]
9) libcfitsio8 [3.470-3 (focal, now)]
10) libcurl3-gnutls [7.68.0-1ubuntu2.16 (focal-security, focal-updates, now)]
11) libfwupd2 [1.7.9-1~20.04.2 (focal-proposed, now)]
12) libfwupdplugin5 [1.7.9-1~20.04.2 (focal-proposed, now)]
13) libsane [1.0.29-0ubuntu5.2 (focal-updates, now)]
14) libvips-dev [8.10.5-2ubuntu1tonimelisma2 (focal, now)]
15) libvips-tools [8.10.5-2ubuntu1tonimelisma2 (focal, now)]
16) libvips42 [8.10.5-2ubuntu1tonimelisma2 (focal, now)]
17) network-manager [1.22.10-1ubuntu2.3 (focal-updates, now)]
18) network-manager-config-connectivity-ubuntu [1.22.10-1ubuntu2.3 (focal-updates, now)]
19) network-manager-gnome [1.8.24-1ubuntu3 (focal-updates, now)]
20) network-manager-openvpn [1.8.12-1 (focal, now)]
21) network-manager-openvpn-gnome [1.8.12-1 (focal, now)]
22) network-manager-pptp [1.2.8-2 (focal, now)]
23) network-manager-pptp-gnome [1.2.8-2 (focal, now)]
24) network-manager-strongswan [1.4.5-2.1 (focal, now)]
25) nip2 [8.7.0-1 (focal, now)]
26) sane-utils [1.0.29-0ubuntu5.2 (focal-updates, now)]
27) spotify-client [1:1.1.84.716.gc5f8b819-2 (now, stable)]
28) tig [2.4.1-1ubuntu1 (focal, now)]
29) ubuntu-desktop [1.450.2 (focal-updates, now)]
30) ubuntu-desktop-minimal [1.450.2 (focal-updates, now)]
31) whoopsie [0.2.69ubuntu0.3 (focal-security, focal-updates, now)]
Leave the following dependencies unresolved:
32) cups-filters recommends colord
33) libcolord-gtk1 recommends colord
34) libsane-hpaio recommends hplip (= 3.20.3+dfsg0-2)
35) libsane-hpaio recommends sane-utils
36) cups recommends colord
37) cups-daemon recommends colord
38) fwupd-signed recommends fwupd
...
现在我陷入了困境，不知道如何解决整个困境。
更新
输出apt-cache
➜ ~ sudo apt-cache policy libcurl3-gnutls libgnutls30
libcurl3-gnutls:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 7.87.0-1~20.04.sav0
Version table:
7.87.0-1~20.04.sav0 500
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/savoury1/curl34/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
7.68.0-1ubuntu2.16 500
500 http://sg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 Packages
500 http://sg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 Packages
7.68.0-1ubuntu2 500
500 http://sg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
libgnutls30:
Installed: 3.6.13-2ubuntu1.7
Candidate: 3.6.13-2ubuntu1.8
Version table:
3.6.13-2ubuntu1.8 500
500 http://sg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 Packages
500 http://sg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 Packages
*** 3.6.13-2ubuntu1.7 100
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
3.6.13-2ubuntu1 500
500 http://sg.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
以及 apt 源列表
➜ ~ lsa /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*list
Permissions Size User Date Modified Name
.rw-r--r-- 164 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apandada1-ubuntu-brightness-controller-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 132 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/apt-fast-ubuntu-stable-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 109 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/azlux.list
.rw-r--r-- 141 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/brave-browser-release.list
.rw-r--r-- 130 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
.rw-r--r-- 130 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gezakovacs-ubuntu-ppa-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 189 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list
.rw-r--r-- 106 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-cloud-sdk.list
.rw-r--r-- 140 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kgilmer-ubuntu-speed-ricer-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 54 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
.rw-r--r-- 92 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-5.0.list
.rw-r--r-- 140 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/neovim-ppa-ubuntu-unstable-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 88 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nextdns.list
.rw-r--r-- 76 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgadmin4.list
.rw-r--r-- 132 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/savoury1-ubuntu-curl34-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 146 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/serge-rider-ubuntu-dbeaver-ce-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 125 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/signal-xenial.list
.rw-r--r-- 193 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/slack.list
.rw-r--r-- 50 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/spotify.list
.rw-r--r-- 140 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/strukturag-ubuntu-libde265-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 138 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/strukturag-ubuntu-libheif-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 50 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sublime-text.list
.rw-r--r-- 94 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tailscale.list
.rw-r--r-- 130 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tonimelisma-ubuntu-ppa-focal.list
.rw-r--r-- 266 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-esm-apps.list
.rw-r--r-- 274 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-esm-infra.list
.rw-r--r-- 203 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/vscode.list
.rw-r--r-- 142 root 6 Mar 11:54 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/wireshark-dev-ubuntu-stable-focal.list
➜ ~
答案1
看起来 savoury1/curl34 PPA 可能是导致此问题的原因。我倾向于删除该 PPA，然后安装存档中的版本以sudo apt install libcurl3-gnutls=7.68.0-1ubuntu2.16 libgnutls30=3.6.13-2ubuntu1.8解决此问题。