系统规格：
- 笔记本电脑：Clevo NP50PNH
- Ubuntu 版本：22.04
- 内核：6.2.0-26-generic
- 显示服务器：Wayland
- 显卡：NVIDIA GeForce RTX-3060 – 6 GB DDR6 视频内存 – DirectX 12.1 – 115W TDP
大约一天前，我工作笔记本电脑上的 NVIDIA GeForce RTX-3060 卡停止工作。这导致无法再使用 HDMI 端口，但 USB-C Thunderbolt 仍然可用。我发现笔记本电脑切换回了板载 Intel iRISxe 显卡。当我尝试查看是否有任何其他驱动程序时，它告诉我没有其他可用的驱动程序，而以前我有很多选择。之前我使用 nouveau 驱动程序一个月左右，因为专有的 Nvidia 驱动程序给我带来了很多问题。而且由于这是一台用于编程的工作笔记本电脑，我不需要太多花哨的图形，只要能够使用 HDMI 即可。
我的 apt 目前是最新的。这台笔记本电脑的 BIOS 非常有限，所以我不确定去那里是否有用，所以我还没有尝试过。
我试过
- apt-update 和 apt-upgrade
- 检查其他驱动程序。
- 尝试使用 prime-select 切换 Nvidia。
- 重启
相关输出lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 12th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 02)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 12th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller #1 (rev 02)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 0c)
00:04.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake Innovation Platform Framework Processor Participant (rev 02)
00:06.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 12th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x4 Controller #0 (rev 02)
00:07.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P Thunderbolt 4 PCI Express Root Port #0 (rev 02)
00:08.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation 12th Gen Core Processor Gaussian & Neural Accelerator (rev 02)
00:0a.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation Platform Monitoring Technology (rev 01)
00:0d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P Thunderbolt 4 USB Controller (rev 02)
00:0d.2 USB controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P Thunderbolt 4 NHI #0 (rev 02)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH USB 3.2 xHCI Host Controller (rev 01)
00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH Shared SRAM (rev 01)
00:14.3 Network controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P PCH CNVi WiFi (rev 01)
00:15.0 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH Serial IO I2C Controller #0 (rev 01)
00:15.1 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH Serial IO I2C Controller #1 (rev 01)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH HECI Controller (rev 01)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device 51bd (rev 01)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH eSPI Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH-P High Definition Audio Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Alder Lake PCH-P SMBus Host Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P PCH SPI Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.6 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection (16) I219-V (rev 01)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: NVIDIA Corporation GA106M [GeForce RTX 3060 Mobile / Max-Q] (rev a1)
01:00.1 Audio device: NVIDIA Corporation GA106 High Definition Audio Controller (rev a1)
02:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller PM9A1/PM9A3/980PRO
2c:00.0 SD Host controller: O2 Micro, Inc. SD/MMC Card Reader Controller (rev 01)
这清楚地表明卡仍然存在
sudo prime-select nvidia给了我这个：
Info: selecting the nvidia profile
Deleting /lib/modprobe.d/nvidia-runtimepm.conf
Updating the initramfs. Please wait for the operation to complete:
-W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/acr/ucode_ahesasc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/acr/ucode_ahesasc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/acr/ucode_ahesasc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/acr/ucode_ahesasc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/acr/ucode_ahesasc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/acr/ucode_asb.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/acr/ucode_asb.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/acr/ucode_asb.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/acr/ucode_asb.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/acr/ucode_asb.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/acr/ucode_unload.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/nvdec/scrubber.bin for module nouveau
|W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/gr/NET_img.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/gr/NET_img.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/gr/NET_img.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/gr/NET_img.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/gr/NET_img.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/gr/gpccs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/gr/gpccs_bl.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/gr/fecs_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/gr/fecs_bl.bin for module nouveau
\W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/sec2/hs_bl_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga107/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/sec2/hs_bl_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga106/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/sec2/hs_bl_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga104/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/sec2/hs_bl_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga103/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/sec2/hs_bl_sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/sec2/sig.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/sec2/image.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/nvidia/ga102/sec2/desc.bin for module nouveau
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/i915/dg2_huc_gsc.bin for module i915
Done
但在 sudo prime-select nvidia 之后重新启动没有任何反应。顺便说一句，关闭电源时重新启动/关机似乎卡住了，即使我等了几分钟，我也需要按下按钮 5 秒钟才能真正关闭系统。不确定这是否相关。
的输出journalctl -b -1 -r是
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd-journald[914]: Journal stopped
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd-shutdown[1]: Sending SIGTERM to remaining processes...
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd-shutdown[1]: Syncing filesystems and block devices.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Shutting down.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Reached target System Power Off.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Finished System Power Off.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-poweroff.service: Deactivated successfully.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Reached target Late Shutdown Services.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Reached target System Shutdown.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polling.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: lvm2-monitor.service: Deactivated successfully.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop lvm[78362]: 2 logical volume(s) in volume group "vgubuntu" unmonitored
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped Remount Root and Kernel File Systems.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-remount-fs.service: Deactivated successfully.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped Create System Users.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-sysusers.service: Deactivated successfully.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped Create Static Device Nodes in /dev.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service: Deactivated successfully.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Stopping Monitoring of LVM2 mirrors, snapshots etc. using dmeventd or progress polling.>
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped target Preparation for Local File Systems.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Removed slice Slice /system/systemd-fsck.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Stopped File System Check on /dev/disk/by-uuid/e1bce27a-a986-49e3-bb2c-a3e736585fe4.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-e1bce27a\x2da986\x2d49e3\x2dbb2c\x2da3e736585fe4.servi>
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Reached target Unmount All Filesystems.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Unmounted /boot.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: boot.mount: Deactivated successfully.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/mapper/vgubuntu-swap_1.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: dev-mapper-vgubuntu\x2dswap_1.swap: Deactivated successfully.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/dm-2.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: dev-dm\x2d2.swap: Deactivated successfully.
aug 09 09:12:46 michel-linux-laptop systemd[1]: Deactivated swap /dev/disk/by-id/dm-uuid-LVM-OvXIAKj2mAprMp7xlc862ptZi0ZX9D3Lumy4AVs3ty>
结论：我正在尝试恢复 Nvidia 卡和 HDMI 的功能。如能提供任何帮助或建议，我将不胜感激。
更新 我没有使用任何 NVIDIA 驱动程序，或者说我不知道我现在使用的是哪种驱动程序，因为目前没有可用的驱动程序。这就是目前的全部问题。我使用的是 noveau 驱动程序，因为当我从家庭办公室切换到办公室屏幕时，这个驱动程序给我带来了更少的麻烦。但整个问题是，我感觉笔记本电脑本周早些时候切换到了板载 Intel Iris Xe Graphics。这使我无法使用 HDMI 端口，并将我的外部屏幕选项限制为 Thunderbolt。
这就是我现在选择的驱动程序
该ubuntu-drivers devices命令根本没有输出
prime-select query给我输出nvidia，但如果是这种情况，我希望能够选择 NVIDIA 驱动程序并使用我的 HDMI 端口
lshw -numeric -C display给出
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: GA106M [GeForce RTX 3060 Mobile / Max-Q] [10DE:2520]
vendor: NVIDIA Corporation [10DE]
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
logical name: /dev/fb0
version: a1
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom fb
configuration: depth=32 driver=nouveau latency=0 mode=1920x1080 visual=truecolor xres=1920 yres=1080
resources: iomemory:600-5ff iomemory:620-61f irq:167 memory:83000000-83ffffff memory:6000000000-61ffffffff memory:6200000000-6201ffffff ioport:3000(size=128) memory:84080000-840fffff
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Alder Lake-P Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:4626]
vendor: Intel Corporation [8086]
physical id: 2
bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
logical name: /dev/fb0
version: 0c
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pciexpress msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom fb
configuration: depth=32 driver=i915 latency=0 resolution=1920,1080
resources: iomemory:620-61f iomemory:400-3ff irq:168 memory:6202000000-6202ffffff memory:4000000000-400fffffff ioport:4000(size=64) memory:c0000-dffff memory:4010000000-4016ffffff memory:4020000000-40ffffffff
sudo lspci -vnn | grep VGA给出
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Alder Lake-P Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:4626] (rev 0c) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GA106M [GeForce RTX 3060 Mobile / Max-Q] [10de:2520] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
答案1
我在 Dell G15 上遇到了同样的问题。我不得不清除 nvidia 驱动程序，然后重新安装 sudo apt purge nvidia-*
sudo apt purge nvidia-*
sudo apt install nvidia-driver-xxx
这里的问题是 RTX 3060 的驱动程序。最初我安装了nvidia-驱动程序-470然后它安装并选择了 470。它在“连接显示器”中工作正常，但在“单显示器”中延迟很大。然后在“软件和更新->附加驱动程序”中，我将其更改为535一切正常。