我在没有 DE 桌面环境的情况下安装了 Debian 9，因为我没有通过 LAN 连接到互联网。
我在安装后插入了缺少以太网固件的 USB，并在终端中输入了以下命令，但它说无法访问存档
dpkg -i /path/to/firmware-netxen_20161130-3_all.deb
我写的命令正确吗？
该固件由非免费软件包firmware-netxen 提供。我安装了缺少的固件。请检查结果https://i.stack.imgur.com/exffX.jpg
这是否意味着我已经正确安装了它？如果是，为什么当我使用此命令检查网络时。
ip route get 1.2.3.4
它说
RTNETLINK answers: Network is unreachable
我已经连接了 LAN 电缆，但仍然没有网络。
dmesg 显示如下
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.9.0-4-amd64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 6.3.0 20170516 (Debian 6.3.0-18) ) #1 SMP Debian 4.9.51-1 (2017-09-28)
[ 1.331446] QLogic/NetXen Network Driver v4.0.82
[ 1.331548] netxen_nic 0000:06:00.0: 2MB memory map
[ 1.331679] netxen_nic 0000:06:00.0: Flash fw[4.0.406] is < min fw supported[4.0.505]. Please update firmware on flash
[ 1.331718] netxen_nic: probe of 0000:06:00.0 failed with error -22
[ 1.331771] netxen_nic 0000:06:00.1: 2MB memory map
[ 1.331901] netxen_nic 0000:06:00.1: Flash fw[4.0.406] is < min fw supported[4.0.505]. Please update firmware on flash
[ 1.331936] netxen_nic: probe of 0000:06:00.1 failed with error -22
[ 1.331992] netxen_nic 0000:06:00.2: 2MB memory map
[ 1.332122] netxen_nic 0000:06:00.2: Flash fw[4.0.406] is < min fw supported[4.0.505]. Please update firmware on flash
[ 1.332158] netxen_nic: probe of 0000:06:00.2 failed with error -22
[ 1.332211] netxen_nic 0000:06:00.3: 2MB memory map
[ 1.332340] netxen_nic 0000:06:00.3: Flash fw[4.0.406] is < min fw supported[4.0.505]. Please update firmware on flash
[ 1.332374] netxen_nic: probe of 0000:06:00.3 failed with error -22
[ 1.333498] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 1.334366] HP HPSA Driver (v 3.4.16-0)
[ 1.334374] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: can't disable ASPM; OS doesn't have ASPM control
[ 1.334439] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: MSI-X capable controller
[ 1.334573] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: Logical aborts not supported
[ 1.334574] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: HP SSD Smart Path aborts not supported
[ 1.336879] ACPI: bus type USB registered
[ 1.336911] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 1.336925] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 1.336981] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 1.337632] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 1.337908] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[ 1.338140] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
[ 1.338153] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.7: EHCI Host Controller
[ 1.338161] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.7: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[ 1.338174] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.7: debug port 1
[ 1.342062] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.7: cache line size of 64 is not supported
[ 1.342079] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.7: irq 20, io mem 0xeb8f0000
[ 1.359411] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.7: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[ 1.359491] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
[ 1.359493] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.359495] usb usb1: Product: EHCI Host Controller
[ 1.359497] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 4.9.0-4-amd64 ehci_hcd
[ 1.359498] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:1d.7
[ 1.359809] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 1.359824] hub 1-0:1.0: 8 ports detected
[ 1.360393] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: UHCI Host Controller
[ 1.360406] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 2
[ 1.360415] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: detected 2 ports
[ 1.360437] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.0: irq 20, io base 0x00001000
[ 1.360845] usb usb2: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0001
[ 1.360848] usb usb2: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[ 1.360850] usb usb2: Product: UHCI Host Controller
[ 1.360851] usb usb2: Manufacturer: Linux 4.9.0-4-amd64 uhci_hcd
[ 1.360853] usb usb2: SerialNumber: 0000:00:1d.0
[ 1.361186] hub 2-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 1.361252] hub 2-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
[ 1.361825] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: UHCI Host Controller
[ 1.361831] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 3
[ 1.361838] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: detected 2 ports
[ 1.361865] uhci_hcd 0000:00:1d.1: irq 23, io base 0x00001020
=1
[ 1.370677] usb usb6: Product: UHCI Host Controller
[ 1.370679] usb usb6: Manufacturer: Linux 4.9.0-4-amd64 uhci_hcd
[ 1.370680] usb usb6: SerialNumber: 0000:01:04.4
[ 1.370946] hub 6-0:1.0: USB hub found
[ 1.370957] hub 6-0:1.0: 2 ports detected
[ 1.375764] scsi host0: hpsa
[ 1.390041] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: scsi 0:0:0:0: added RAID HP P410i controller SSDSmartPathCap- En- Exp=1
[ 1.390046] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: scsi 0:0:1:0: masked Direct-Access HP DG0146FARVU PHYS DRV SSDSmartPathCap- En- Exp=0
[ 1.390049] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: scsi 0:0:2:0: masked Direct-Access HP DG0146FARVU PHYS DRV SSDSmartPathCap- En- Exp=0
[ 1.390052] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: scsi 0:0:3:0: masked Direct-Access HP DG0146FAMWL PHYS DRV SSDSmartPathCap- En- Exp=0
[ 1.390055] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: scsi 0:0:4:0: masked Direct-Access HP DG0146FARVU PHYS DRV SSDSmartPathCap- En- Exp=0
[ 1.390059] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: scsi 0:0:5:0: masked Direct-Access HP DG0146FARVU PHYS DRV SSDSmartPathCap- En- Exp=0
[ 1.390062] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: scsi 0:0:6:0: masked Enclosure PMCSIERA SRC 8x6G enclosure SSDSmartPathCap- En- Exp=0
[ 1.390065] hpsa 0000:05:00.0: scsi 0:1:0:0: added Direct-Access HP LOGICAL VOLUME RAID-5 SSDSmartPathCap- En- Exp=1
[ 1.390953] scsi 0:0:0:0: RAID HP P410i 3.52 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[ 1.436056] scsi 0:1:0:0: Direct-Access HP LOGICAL VOLUME 3.52 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[ 1.479634] sd 0:1:0:0: [sda] 1146733360 512-byte logical blocks: (587 GB/547 GiB)
[ 1.479893] sd 0:1:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[ 1.479896] sd 0:1:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 6b 00 00 08
[ 1.480050] sd 0:1:0:0: [sda] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 1.487483] uhci_hcd 0000:01:04.4: Controller not stopped yet!
[ 1.488059] sda: sda1 sda2 < sda5 >
[ 1.489654] sd 0:1:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
[ 1.747319] random: fast init done
[ 1.827342] usb 4-2: new low-speed USB device number 2 using uhci_hcd
[ 2.052396] usb 4-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1a2c, idProduct=0b23
[ 2.052397] usb 4-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[ 2.052398] usb 4-2: Product: USB Keyboard
[ 2.052399] usb 4-2: Manufacturer: USB
[ 2.057890] hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina
[ 2.091609] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 2.091610] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 2.092359] input: USB USB Keyboard as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.2/usb4/4-2/4-2:1.0/0003:1A2C:0B23.0001/input/input3
[ 2.151475] hid-generic 0003:1A2C:0B23.0001: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [USB USB Keyboard] on usb-0000:00:1d.2-2/input0
[ 2.151687] input: USB USB Keyboard as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.2/usb4/4-2/4-2:1.1/0003:1A2C:0B23.0002/input/input4
[ 2.211416] hid-generic 0003:1A2C:0B23.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.10 Mouse [USB USB Keyboard] on usb-0000:00:1d.2-2/input1
[ 2.215428] tsc: Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 2532.613 MHz
[ 2.215434] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x2481921a2d0, max_idle_ns: 440795281605 ns
[ 3.239675] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc
[ 4.423608] floppy0: no floppy controllers found
[ 4.423617] work still pending
[ 4.473615] PM: Starting manual resume from disk
[ 4.473619] PM: Hibernation image partition 8:5 present
[ 4.473619] PM: Looking for hibernation image.
[ 4.473771] PM: Image not found (code -22)
[ 4.473773] PM: Hibernation image not present or could not be loaded.
[ 4.735756] EXT4-fs (sda1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 5.443893] ip_tables: (C) 2000-2006 Netfilter Core Team
[ 5.508005] systemd[1]: systemd 232 running in system mode. (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +IMA +APPARMOR +SMACK +SYSVINIT +UTMP +LIBCRYPTSETUP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +ACL +XZ +LZ4 +SECCOMP +BLKID +ELFUTILS +KMOD +IDN)
[ 5.508263] systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86-64.
[ 5.509793] systemd[1]: Set hostname to <debian>.
[ 5.934311] systemd[1]: Set up automount Arbitrary Executable File Formats File System Automount Point.
[ 5.934409] systemd[1]: Listening on Journal Socket.
[ 5.934461] systemd[1]: Listening on udev Control Socket.
[ 5.934648] systemd[1]: Created slice System Slice.
[ 5.939400] systemd[1]: Mounting POSIX Message Queue File System...
[ 5.939628] systemd[1]: Created slice system-getty.slice.
[ 5.940316] systemd[1]: Mounting Huge Pages File System...
[ 6.227772] EXT4-fs (sda1): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro
[ 6.339848] systemd-journald[219]: Received request to flush runtime journal from PID 1
[ 6.689837] pcc-cpufreq: (v1.10.00) driver loaded with frequency limits: 1600 MHz, 2533 MHz
[ 6.980374] EDAC MC: Ver: 3.0.0
[ 6.995088] ipmi message handler version 39.2
[ 7.020156] input: Power Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXPWRBN:00/input/input5
[ 7.020160] ACPI: Power Button [PWRF]
[ 7.020269] ipmi_si IPI0001:00: ipmi_si: probing via ACPI
[ 7.020295] ipmi_si IPI0001:00: [io 0x0ca2-0x0ca3] regsize 1 spacing 1 irq 0
[ 7.020296] ipmi_si: Adding ACPI-specified kcs state machine
[ 7.020316] IPMI System Interface driver.
[ 7.020336] ipmi_si 0000:01:04.6: probing via PCI
[ 7.020431] ipmi_si 0000:01:04.6: [mem 0xeb9f0000-0xeb9f00ff] regsize 1 spacing 1 irq 21
[ 7.020432] ipmi_si: Adding PCI-specified kcs state machine
[ 7.020459] ipmi_si: probing via SMBIOS
[ 7.020460] ipmi_si: SMBIOS: io 0xca2 regsize 1 spacing 1 irq 0
[ 7.020461] ipmi_si: Adding SMBIOS-specified kcs state machine duplicate interface
[ 7.020463] ipmi_si: probing via SPMI
[ 7.020464] ipmi_si: SPMI: io 0xca2 regsize 2 spacing 2 irq 0
[ 7.020465] ipmi_si: Adding SPMI-specified kcs state machine duplicate interface
[ 7.020467] ipmi_si: Trying PCI-specified kcs state machine at mem address 0xeb9f0000, slave address 0x0, irq 21
[ 7.026896] Floppy drive(s): fd0 is 1.44M
[ 7.029384] EDAC MC0: Giving out device to module i7core_edac.c controller i7 core #0: DEV 0000:3f:03.0 (INTERRUPT)
[ 7.029425] EDAC PCI0: Giving out device to module i7core_edac controller EDAC PCI controller: DEV 0000:3f:03.0 (POLLED)
[ 7.029442] EDAC i7core: Driver loaded, 1 memory controller(s) found.
[ 7.036538] shpchp: Standard Hot Plug PCI Controller Driver version: 0.4
[ 7.037453] power_meter ACPI000D:00: Found ACPI power meter.
[ 7.037474] power_meter ACPI000D:00: Ignoring unsafe software power cap!
[ 7.066051] ACPI Warning: SystemIO range 0x0000000000000928-0x000000000000092F conflicts with OpRegion 0x0000000000000920-0x000000000000092F (\SGPE) (20160831/utaddress-247)
[ 7.066058] ACPI: If an ACPI driver is available for this device, you should use it instead of the native driver
[ 7.066093] lpc_ich: Resource conflict(s) found affecting gpio_ich
[ 7.068594] input: PC Speaker as /devices/platform/pcspkr/input/input6
[ 7.092864] scsi 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 12
[ 7.092898] sd 0:1:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
[ 7.129569] hpwdt 0000:01:04.0: HPE Watchdog Timer Driver: NMI decoding initialized, allow kernel dump: ON (default = 1/ON)
[ 7.129628] hpwdt 0000:01:04.0: HPE Watchdog Timer Driver: 1.4.0, timer margin: 30 seconds (nowayout=0).
[ 7.129631] iTCO_vendor_support: vendor-support=0
[ 7.149381] iTCO_wdt: Intel TCO WatchDog Timer Driver v1.11
[ 7.149404] iTCO_wdt: unable to reset NO_REBOOT flag, device disabled by hardware/BIOS
[ 7.217942] [drm] Initialized
[ 7.274787] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 7.494159] CRAT table not found
[ 7.494160] Finished initializing topology ret=0
[ 7.494182] kfd kfd: Initialized module
[ 7.494621] [drm] initializing kernel modesetting (RV100 0x1002:0x515E 0x103C:0x31FB 0x02).
[ 7.494635] [drm] register mmio base: 0xEBAF0000
[ 7.494636] [drm] register mmio size: 65536
[ 7.494747] radeon 0000:01:03.0: VRAM: 128M 0x00000000E0000000 - 0x00000000E7FFFFFF (64M used)
[ 7.494749] radeon 0000:01:03.0: GTT: 512M 0x00000000C0000000 - 0x00000000DFFFFFFF
[ 7.494759] [drm] Detected VRAM RAM=128M, BAR=128M
[ 7.494760] [drm] RAM width 16bits DDR
[ 7.494805] [TTM] Zone kernel: Available graphics memory: 1019044 kiB
[ 7.494805] [TTM] Initializing pool allocator
[ 7.494811] [TTM] Initializing DMA pool allocator
[ 7.494835] [drm] radeon: 64M of VRAM memory ready
[ 7.494835] [drm] radeon: 512M of GTT memory ready.
[ 7.494845] [drm] GART: num cpu pages 131072, num gpu pages 131072
[ 7.515364] [drm] PCI GART of 512M enabled (table at 0x0000000079F80000).
[ 7.515461] radeon 0000:01:03.0: WB disabled
[ 7.515466] radeon 0000:01:03.0: fence driver on ring 0 use gpu addr 0x00000000c0000000 and cpu addr 0xffff9b94f9f16000
[ 7.515472] [drm] Supports vblank timestamp caching Rev 2 (21.10.2013).
[ 7.515473] [drm] Driver supports precise vblank timestamp query.
[ 7.515487] [drm] radeon: irq initialized.
[ 7.515501] [drm] Loading R100 Microcode
[ 7.516002] kvm: VM_EXIT_LOAD_IA32_PERF_GLOBAL_CTRL does not work properly. Using workaround
[ 7.525836] radeon 0000:01:03.0: firmware: direct-loading firmware radeon/R100_cp.bin
[ 7.526729] [drm] radeon: ring at 0x00000000C0001000
[ 7.526774] [drm] ring test succeeded in 1 usecs
[ 7.564987] random: crng init done
[ 7.600992] Adding 2084860k swap on /dev/sda5. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:2084860k FS
[ 8.039740] [drm] ib test succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 8.040013] [drm] No TV DAC info found in BIOS
[ 8.040057] [drm] Radeon Display Connectors
[ 8.040057] [drm] Connector 0:
[ 8.040058] [drm] VGA-1
[ 8.040060] [drm] DDC: 0x60 0x60 0x60 0x60 0x60 0x60 0x60 0x60
[ 8.040060] [drm] Encoders:
[ 8.040061] [drm] CRT1: INTERNAL_DAC1
[ 8.040062] [drm] Connector 1:
[ 8.040063] [drm] VGA-2
[ 8.040064] [drm] DDC: 0x6c 0x6c 0x6c 0x6c 0x6c 0x6c 0x6c 0x6c
[ 8.040064] [drm] Encoders:
[ 8.040065] [drm] CRT2: INTERNAL_DAC2
[ 8.112057] [drm] fb mappable at 0xE0040000
[ 8.112058] [drm] vram apper at 0xE0000000
[ 8.112058] [drm] size 1081344
[ 8.112059] [drm] fb depth is 8
[ 8.112059] [drm] pitch is 1408
[ 8.112243] fbcon: radeondrmfb (fb0) is primary device
[ 8.275849] CE: hpet increased min_delta_ns to 20115 nsec
[ 8.277711] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 170x48
[ 8.290095] radeon 0000:01:03.0: fb0: radeondrmfb frame buffer device
[ 8.315952] [drm] Initialized radeon 2.49.0 20080528 for 0000:01:03.0 on minor 0
[ 10.055900] floppy0: no floppy controllers found
[ 10.055910] work still pending
[ 117.317805] ipmi_si: There appears to be no BMC at this location
[ 117.333899] ipmi_si: Trying ACPI-specified kcs state machine at i/o address 0xca2, slave address 0x0, irq 0
[ 227.432041] ipmi_si: There appears to be no BMC at this location
[ 916.470599] usb 1-5: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci-pci
[ 916.620311] usb 1-5: New USB device found, idVendor=0781, idProduct=5567
[ 916.620314] usb 1-5: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[ 916.620315] usb 1-5: Product: Cruzer Blade
[ 916.620317] usb 1-5: Manufacturer: SanDisk
[ 916.620318] usb 1-5: SerialNumber: 4C530001310824123262
[ 916.689497] usb-storage 1-5:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[ 916.689576] scsi host1: usb-storage 1-5:1.0
[ 916.689647] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 916.698330] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas
[ 917.692480] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access SanDisk Cruzer Blade 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[ 917.693535] sd 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0
[ 917.694156] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 15232000 512-byte logical blocks: (7.80 GB/7.26 GiB)
[ 917.695784] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
[ 917.695786] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00
[ 917.696981] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[ 917.707913] sdb: sdb1
[ 917.712525] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk
[ 961.503709] FAT-fs (sdb1): Volume was not properly unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. Please run fsck.
答案1
您正确地执行了该命令：
dpkg -i /path/to/firmware-netxen_20161130-3_all.deb
如果您遇到依赖问题，请运行：
apt-get update -f
然后再次尝试安装。
请参阅：man dpkg了解有关 的更多信息dpkg。查看底部的示例。
答案2
netxen_nic 0000:06:00.0: Flash fw[4.0.406] 小于支持的最小固件[4.0.505]。请更新闪存上的固件
网卡上的固件需要更新（刷新）才能与非旧内核兼容。但构建闪存更新程序的 makefile 仅与旧内核兼容。另外，提供的 nxflash 脚本需要一些编辑。
- /bin/bash 而不是 /bin/sh
- 将 /sbin/lspci 替换为 $LSPCI
您可以在以下位置找到更多详细信息：http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?f=17&t=103825#p497081