文件_1
##chr pos rc allele_count allele_states deletion_sum snp_type most_variable_allele diff:1-2 diff:1-3 diff:1-4 diff:1-5 diff:1-6 diff:1-7 diff:1-8 diff:1-9 diff:1-10 diff:1-11 diff:1-12 diff:2-3
MT 227 C 2 C/A 0 pop C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.024 0 0.022 0 0 0
MT 233 G 2 G/T 0 pop G 0 0.009 0 0.012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.009
MT 245 G 2 G/A 0 pop A 0 0 0 0 0 0.055 0.224 0.072 0.026 0 0 0
MT 251 C 2 C/T 0 pop C 0.276 0.034 0.231 0.005 0.027 0.036 0.025 0.002 0.107 0.034 0.034 0.309
MT 264 G 2 G/C 0 pop G 0 0 0 0.008 0 0.003 0 0 0 0 0 0
MT 286 G 2 G/T 0 pop T 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0 0.002 0
MT 292 A 2 A/T 0 pop T 0 0 0 0 0.003 0 0 0.002 0 0 0 0
MT 293 G 2 G/T 0 pop G 0 0 0 0 0.003 0.002 0 0 0 0 0 0
MT 295 G 2 G/T 0 pop G 0 0.002 0.002 0 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.003
文件_2
MT 251
MT 292
MT 295
期望的输出
##chr pos rc allele_count allele_states deletion_sum snp_type most_variable_allele diff:1-2 diff:1-3 diff:1-4 diff:1-5 diff:1-6 diff:1-7 diff:1-8 diff:1-9 diff:1-10 diff:1-11 diff:1-12 diff:2-3
MT 251 C 2 C/T 0 pop C 0.276 0.034 0.231 0.005 0.027 0.036 0.025 0.002 0.107 0.034 0.034 0.309
MT 292 A 2 A/T 0 pop T 0 0 0 0 0.003 0 0 0.002 0 0 0 0
MT 295 G 2 G/T 0 pop G 0 0.002 0.002 0 0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.003
这与这篇文章中想要的类似：按第一列比较两个文件。如果匹配则保留行
我用于awk 'NR==FNR{a[$0]=$0;next}a[$0]'保持与第一列的重叠，但当它们与前两列（chr 和 pos）匹配时我需要整行。
答案1
您应该只测试前两列是否是数组的键，而不是使用 测试整行$0。
awk 'NR==FNR {a[$1" "$2] = 1; next}
FNR == 1 && FNR != NR {print} # print header
$1" "$2 in a' File_2 File_1