我使用默认下载的 Ubuntu Docker 镜像。我想要查找其容器中的网络接口和 IP 地址，所以我想安装包含 的包ifconfig，但为什么我失败了？谢谢。
$ sudo docker run ubuntu apt update
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [160 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease [242 kB]
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/restricted amd64 Packages [5436 B]
Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [361 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [3910 B]
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages [1344 kB]
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/multiverse amd64 Packages [186 kB]
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages [11.3 MB]
Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/restricted amd64 Packages [13.5 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [10.8 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [955 kB]
Get:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [725 kB]
Get:16 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [6968 B]
Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/universe amd64 Packages [3659 B]
Get:18 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports/main amd64 Packages [942 B]
Fetched 15.6 MB in 27s (571 kB/s)
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
5 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
和
$ sudo docker run ubuntu apt upgrade
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
Reading package lists...
Building dependency tree...
Reading state information...
Calculating upgrade...
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
和
$ sudo docker run -it ubuntu apt install net-tools
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package net-tools
答案1
每个docker run命令运行一个单独的容器，因此您的命令的效果不会持续到下一个docker run：
在新容器中运行进程。
docker run使用自己的文件系统、自己的网络和自己的独立进程树启动一个进程。
您需要组合所有命令：
docker run -it ubuntu /bin/sh -c 'apt update && apt upgrade -y && apt install -y net-tools'
添加您想要从中运行的任何命令net-tools。
可能值得写一个Dockerfile。