I was just trying to execute a simple program **.c** program on **OPNESUSE-42.1**
I did the following set of commands in which showing **Permission Denied** and also showing **relocatable** i am not able to understand that how it becomes relocatable file.
$ 文件数据大小.o
datasize.o：ELF 64 位 LSB 可重定位，x86-64，版本 1 (SYSV)，未剥离
无法执行：-
./数据大小.o
bash：./datasize.o：权限被拒绝
即使使用 ldd
ldd 数据大小.o
ldd：警告：您没有“./datasize.o”的执行权限，该权限不是动态可执行文件
strace 的输出
strace ./datasize.o
execve("./datasize.o", ["./datasize.o"], [/* 87 vars */]) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)
write(2, "strace: exec: Permission denied\n", 32strace: exec: Permission denied
) = 32
exit_group(1) = ?
+++ exited with 1 +++
readelf 的输出：-
readelf -a ./datasize.o
ELF Header:
Magic: 7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Class: ELF64
Data: 2's complement, little endian
Version: 1 (current)
OS/ABI: UNIX - System V
ABI Version: 0
Type: REL (Relocatable file)
Machine: Advanced Micro Devices X86-64
Version: 0x1
Entry point address: 0x0
Start of program headers: 0 (bytes into file)
Start of section headers: 1040 (bytes into file)
Flags: 0x0
Size of this header: 64 (bytes)
Size of program headers: 0 (bytes)
Number of program headers: 0
Size of section headers: 64 (bytes)
Number of section headers: 13
Section header string table index: 10
Section Headers:
[Nr] Name Type Address Offset
Size EntSize Flags Link Info Align
[ 0] NULL 0000000000000000 00000000
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 0
[ 1] .text PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000040
000000000000009c 0000000000000000 AX 0 0 1
[ 2] .rela.text RELA 0000000000000000 00000318
0000000000000078 0000000000000018 I 11 1 8
[ 3] .data PROGBITS 0000000000000000 000000dc
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 1
[ 4] .bss NOBITS 0000000000000000 000000dc
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 WA 0 0 1
[ 5] .rodata PROGBITS 0000000000000000 000000e0
0000000000000087 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[ 6] .comment PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000167
0000000000000019 0000000000000001 MS 0 0 1
[ 7] .note.GNU-stack PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000180
0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[ 8] .eh_frame PROGBITS 0000000000000000 00000180
0000000000000038 0000000000000000 A 0 0 8
[ 9] .rela.eh_frame RELA 0000000000000000 00000390
0000000000000018 0000000000000018 I 11 8 8
[10] .shstrtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 000003a8
0000000000000061 0000000000000000 0 0 1
[11] .symtab SYMTAB 0000000000000000 000001b8
0000000000000138 0000000000000018 12 9 8
[12] .strtab STRTAB 0000000000000000 000002f0
0000000000000023 0000000000000000 0 0 1
Key to Flags:
W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), l (large)
I (info), L (link order), G (group), T (TLS), E (exclude), x (unknown)
O (extra OS processing required) o (OS specific), p (processor specific)
There are no section groups in this file.
There are no program headers in this file.
Relocation section '.rela.text' at offset 0x318 contains 5 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
000000000023 000a00000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 uname - 4
000000000028 00050000000a R_X86_64_32 0000000000000000 .rodata + 0
00000000002d 000b00000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 puts - 4
000000000087 00050000000a R_X86_64_32 0000000000000000 .rodata + 48
000000000091 000c00000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 printf - 4
Relocation section '.rela.eh_frame' at offset 0x390 contains 1 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
000000000020 000200000002 R_X86_64_PC32 0000000000000000 .text + 0
The decoding of unwind sections for machine type Advanced Micro Devices X86-64 is not currently supported.
Symbol table '.symtab' contains 13 entries:
Num: Value Size Type Bind Vis Ndx Name
0: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE LOCAL DEFAULT UND
1: 0000000000000000 0 FILE LOCAL DEFAULT ABS datasize.c
2: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 1
3: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 3
4: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 4
5: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 5
6: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 7
7: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 8
8: 0000000000000000 0 SECTION LOCAL DEFAULT 6
9: 0000000000000000 156 FUNC GLOBAL DEFAULT 1 main
10: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT UND uname
11: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT UND puts
12: 0000000000000000 0 NOTYPE GLOBAL DEFAULT UND printf
No version information found in this file.
答案1
实际上，如果“.o”文件不是真正的“.o”文件，则可以执行它们。例如，如果您将“ls”复制到“ls.o”，则可以执行 ls.o，它将为您提供“ls”命令的输出。顺便说一句，@jaychris，您可能不想将编译的输出放入“C”源文件中。您可以，但就像有一个可执行文件“ls.o”一样，它可能会造成混淆。
我在原始帖子中没有看到任何内容表明用户尝试运行的文件具有可执行权限。如果作者可以执行“\ls -l datasize.o”，他们会显示该文件具有哪些权限。
请注意，如果它确实是可链接文件，则仅设置可执行位（使用“chmod +x datasize.o”）不会使其成为可以运行的程序。在这种情况下，如果 datasize.o 中包含“main”，您可以尝试 @jaychris 所暗示的内容...使用 gcc -o datasize datasize.c ...这不会生成可链接的“datasize.o”，但会尝试创建一个可执行文件并将其放在名为“datasize”的文件中（您仍然必须使用“chmod +x datasize”启用“可执行”权限）。
顺便说一句，您可能需要阅读“chmod”手册页（“man 1 chmod”）。
希望这可以帮助 （？）...
答案2
.o 文件无法执行。它们需要链接并创建最终的可执行文件。通常的方法是“gcc -o file.c”，或者编译和链接分步进行。