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在 PowerShell 备份脚本中排除某些文件扩展名

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在 PowerShell 备份脚本中排除某些文件扩展名

我是 PowerShell 脚本新手，需要一些代码方面的帮助。代码中包含了我在备份用户配置文件时需要的大部分参数，但我需要设置排除文件扩展名，例如 .mp3 和 .exe。

我该如何调整脚本来实现这一点？

$destination = "D:\CODs"

$folder = "Desktop",
"Downloads",
"Favorites",
"Documents",
"Music",
"Pictures",
"Videos",
"AppData\Local\Mozilla",
"AppData\Local\Google",
"AppData\Roaming\Mozilla"




###############################################################################################################

$username = gc env:username
$userprofile = gc env:userprofile
$appData = gc env:localAPPDATA


###### Restore data section ######
if ([IO.Directory]::Exists($destination + "\" + $username + "\")) 
{ 

    $caption = "Choose Action";
    $message = "A backup folder for $username already exists, would you like to restore the data to the local machine?";
    $Yes = new-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&Yes","Yes";
    $No = new-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&No","No";
    $choices = [System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription[]]($Yes,$No);
    $answer = $host.ui.PromptForChoice($caption,$message,$choices,0)

    if ($answer -eq 0) 
    {

        write-host -ForegroundColor green "Restoring data to local machine for $username"
        foreach ($f in $folder)
        {   
            $currentLocalFolder = $userprofile + "\" + $f
            $currentRemoteFolder = $destination + "\" + $username + "\" + $f
            write-host -ForegroundColor cyan "  $f..."
            Copy-Item -ErrorAction silentlyContinue -recurse $currentRemoteFolder $userprofile

            if ($f -eq "AppData\Local\Mozilla") { rename-item $currentLocalFolder "$currentLocalFolder.old" }
            if ($f -eq "AppData\Roaming\Mozilla") { rename-item $currentLocalFolder "$currentLocalFolder.old" }
            if ($f -eq "AppData\Local\Google") { rename-item $currentLocalFolder "$currentLocalFolder.old" }

        }
        rename-item "$destination\$username" "$destination\$username.restored"
        write-host -ForegroundColor green "Restore Complete!"
    }

    else
    {
        write-host -ForegroundColor yellow "Aborting process"
        exit
    }
}

###### Backup Data section ########
else
{

    Write-Host -ForegroundColor green "Outlook is about to close, save any unsaved emails then press any key to continue ..."

    $x = $host.UI.RawUI.ReadKey("NoEcho,IncludeKeyDown")

    Get-Process | Where { $_.Name -Eq "OUTLOOK" } | Kill

    write-host -ForegroundColor green "Backing up data from local machine for $username"


    foreach ($f in $folder)
    {   
        $currentLocalFolder = $userprofile + "\" + $f
        $currentRemoteFolder = $destination + "\" + $username + "\" + $f
        $currentFolderSize = (Get-ChildItem -ErrorAction silentlyContinue $currentLocalFolder -Recurse -Force | Measure-Object -ErrorAction silentlyContinue -Property Length -Sum ).Sum / 1MB
        $currentFolderSizeRounded = [System.Math]::Round($currentFolderSize)
        write-host -ForegroundColor cyan "  $f... ($currentFolderSizeRounded MB)"
        Copy-Item -ErrorAction silentlyContinue -recurse $currentLocalFolder $currentRemoteFolder
    }



    $oldStylePST = [IO.Directory]::GetFiles($appData + "\Microsoft\Outlook", "*.pst") 
    foreach($pst in $oldStylePST)   
    { 
        if ((test-path -path ($destination + "\" + $username + "\Documents\Outlook Files\oldstyle")) -eq 0){new-item -type directory -path ($destination + "\" + $username + "\Documents\Outlook Files\oldstyle") | out-null}
        write-host -ForegroundColor yellow "  $pst..."
        Copy-Item $pst ($destination + "\" + $username + "\Documents\Outlook Files\oldstyle")
    }    

    write-host -ForegroundColor green "Backup complete!"

}

答案1

您可以使用Copy-Item的-Exclude参数。它接受可能包含通配符的文件名集合并避免复制它们。因此，您可以更改此行：

Copy-Item -ErrorAction silentlyContinue -recurse $currentLocalFolder $currentRemoteFolder

对此（请注意开头附近的额外参数）：

Copy-Item -Exclude '*.mp3', '*.exe' -ErrorAction silentlyContinue -recurse $currentLocalFolder $currentRemoteFolder

您可以根据需要添加任意数量的排除项。

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