Linux Mint 18.3（基于 Ubuntu Xenial）。
我已经在这里查看了其他问题，但我仍然不知道从哪里开始清理我的包列表，特别是 MariaDB。任何指向我可以阅读更多有关管理这些列表及其注意事项的链接都会很好。
我特别想从下面的输出中知道一件事：我应该如何处理我的 MariaDB (MySQL) 安装？
当我尝试找出我的 mysql 和 mysqld 版本时，我得到以下信息
mikeM17A ~ $ mysql --version
mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.2.16-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.2
mike@M17A ~ $ mysqld --version
mysqld Ver 10.2.16-MariaDB-10.2.16+maria~xenial for debian-linux-gnu on x86_64 (mariadb.org binary distribution)
在 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ 中，我有两个文件似乎与此 MySQL 问题有关：MariaDB101.list 和 MariaDB102.list。例如，后者仅包含一行：
deb https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena main
有删除这些的想法吗？然后我应该安装 Synaptic (10.2.27) 中提供的 MariaDB 吗？问题是有数十个软件包中带有“mariadb”一词......我不知道要安装哪个。
如果我这样做，它们是否会以某种方式“覆盖”现有的 MariaDB 安装？
对此输出的任何其他评论sudo apt-get update将不胜感激。
mike@M17A ~ $ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/adabbas/1stppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Hit:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/alessandro-strada/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:4 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_10.x xenial InRelease
Hit:5 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release
Hit:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/bit-team/stable/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease
Hit:9 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cwchien/gradle/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease
Get:12 https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable stable InRelease [2,591 B]
Hit:13 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:14 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease
Ign:15 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena InRelease
Ign:16 http://packages.linuxmint.com sylvia InRelease
Hit:17 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jeffreyratcliffe/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:18 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena InRelease
Hit:19 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:20 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena Release
Hit:21 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Hit:22 http://ppa.launchpad.net/michael-sheldon/deepspeech/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:23 http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease [3,316 B]
Ign:24 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena Release
Hit:25 http://ppa.launchpad.net/michael-sheldon/gst-deepspeech/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:26 http://packages.linuxmint.com sylvia Release [24.2 kB]
Ign:27 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Hit:28 http://ppa.launchpad.net/nilarimogard/webupd8/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:29 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Hit:30 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openjdk-r/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:31 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:32 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Hit:33 http://ppa.launchpad.net/qos/pulseaudio-dlna/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:34 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Hit:35 http://ppa.launchpad.net/rolfbensch/sane-git/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:36 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Hit:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/stefansundin/truecrypt/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Err:12 https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable stable InRelease
The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 4B8EC3BAABDC4346
Ign:39 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:40 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Hit:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/team-xbmc/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:42 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Hit:43 http://ppa.launchpad.net/teejee2008/ppa/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Get:44 http://packages.linuxmint.com sylvia Release.gpg [819 B]
Ign:27 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Hit:45 http://ppa.launchpad.net/thomas.tsai/ubuntu-tuxboot/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:29 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:31 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:32 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:34 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Ign:36 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Hit:46 http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/dbms/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu xenial InRelease
Ign:23 http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease
Ign:39 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:40 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:42 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Ign:27 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Ign:29 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:31 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:32 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:34 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Ign:36 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:39 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:40 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:42 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Ign:27 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Ign:29 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:31 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:32 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:34 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Ign:36 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:39 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:40 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:42 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Ign:27 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Ign:29 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:31 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:32 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:34 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Ign:36 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
Ign:37 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:39 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:40 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:42 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Err:27 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
404 Not Found
Ign:29 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:31 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:32 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:34 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Err:36 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main amd64 Packages
404 Not Found
Ign:37 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main i386 Packages
Ign:39 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main all Packages
Ign:40 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en_GB
Ign:42 https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena/main Translation-en
Fetched 30.9 kB in 2s (14.3 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
W: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: Target Packages (main/binary-i386/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: Target Packages (main/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en_GB) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: The repository 'https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: The repository 'https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu serena Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 4B8EC3BAABDC4346
W: GPG error: http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 4773BD5E130D1D45
W: The repository 'http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease' is not signed.
N: Data from such a repository can't be authenticated and is therefore potentially dangerous to use.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
W: Failed to fetch https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable/dists/stable/InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 4B8EC3BAABDC4346
E: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu/dists/serena/main/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found
E: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.2/ubuntu/dists/serena/main/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
W: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: Target Packages (main/binary-i386/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: Target Packages (main/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en_GB) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
W: Target Translations (main/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
答案1
W: The repository 'https://mirrors.evowise.com/mariadb/repo/10.1/ubuntu serena Release' does not have a Release file.
删除代号（Mint 18.01）的存储库serena，该存储库不支持该serena代号。
W: Target Packages (main/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:2 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list:3
检查/etc/apt/sources.list.d/additional-repositories.list您是否已多次配置同一存储库并删除重复的条目。
W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: https://deb.opera.com/opera-stable stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 4B8EC3BAABDC4346
您需要下载 gpg 密钥，请参阅手动添加 Opera APT 存储库
wget -qO - https://deb.opera.com/archive.key | sudo apt-key add -
W: GPG error: http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 4773BD5E130D1D45 W: The repository 'http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease' is not signed.
您需要添加 gpg 密钥Spotify 仓库:
curl -sS https://download.spotify.com/debian/pubkey.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
然后运行：
sudo apt update
sudo apt autoremove