如何在 FOR 循环内的 Windows 命令提示符中获取当前目录名称？

Question 1

确实，DelayedExpansion 有所帮助，感谢 DavidPostill。以下是工作脚本：

@echo off
SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
set basedir=c:\tmp\Logs_UAT

for /R %basedir% %%I in (*) DO (
cd %%~pI

for %%G in (.) do echo %%~nxG> temp.temp
set /P curdir=<temp.temp
del /f temp.temp

echo !curdir!
)

endlocal

Answer

确实，DelayedExpansion 有所帮助，感谢 DavidPostill。以下是工作脚本：

@echo off
SETLOCAL EnableDelayedExpansion
set basedir=c:\tmp\Logs_UAT

for /R %basedir% %%I in (*) DO (
cd %%~pI

for %%G in (.) do echo %%~nxG> temp.temp
set /P curdir=<temp.temp
del /f temp.temp

echo !curdir!
)

endlocal

Question 2

为了让您在一次循环中获得与问题相同的结果：

@echo off

set "_=echo\ -------------------"
for /D /R "c:\tmp\Logs_UAT" %%I in (*
)do %_% & echo\%%~nxI & dir "%%~nxI" & echo\ %%~nxI & %_%

你的输出：

 -------------------

 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 32E8-70C5

 Directory of c:\tmp\Logs_UAT\folder1

05/06/2020  02:40 PM    <DIR>          .
05/06/2020  02:40 PM    <DIR>          ..
05/06/2020  02:41 PM                 8 test.txt
               1 File(s)              8 bytes
               2 Dir(s)   3,128,999,936 bytes free
 folder1
 -------------------
 -------------------

 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 32E8-70C5

 Directory of c:\tmp\Logs_UAT\folder2

05/06/2020  02:47 PM    <DIR>          .
05/06/2020  02:47 PM    <DIR>          ..
05/06/2020  02:48 PM                 7 folder2.txt
               1 File(s)              7 bytes
               2 Dir(s)   3,128,999,936 bytes free
 folder2
 -------------------

您不需要使用多个for循环，for /D /R只需在所有子目录中使用一个循环递归即可，这样就DelayedExpansion没有必要

FOR /R - Loop through files (recursively)
FOR /D - Loop through several folders/directories

The option /D /r is undocumented, but can be a useful combination,
while it will recurse through all subfolders the wildcard will only 
match against Folder/Directory names (not filenames)
Note: Source linked to ss64.com

Rem :: Set your folder /Directory /Recursively tree starting at "c:\tmp\Logs_UAT"
For /D /R "c:\tmp\Logs_UAT"

为什么需要使用任何附加循环temp.temp在整个目录中创建和删除文件？当您已经在循环中将当前文件夹的名称（在所有子目录中递归）存储在变量中（并且还有许多其他可用的变量）时，因此，要在循环中使用，只需使用它们即可……for /Dfor/R/D%%~nxI

Use the FOR variable syntax replacement:
%~pI        - expands %I to a path only
%~nI        - expands %I to a file name only
%~xI        - expands %I to a file extension only

The modifiers can be combined to get compound results:
%~pnI       - expands %I to a path and file name only
%~pnxI      - expands %I to a path, file name and extension only

```
)do %_% & echo\%%~nxI & dir "%%~nxI" & echo\ %%~nxI & %_%
```
观察.: 关于使用%%~x在directory名称观察注释中ss64.com：

Full Stop Bug
Although Win32 will not recognise any file or directory name that begins or ends 
with a '.' (period/full stop) it is possible to include a Full Stop in the middle
of a directory name and this can cause issues with FOR /D.

Parameter expansion will treat a Full Stop as a file extension, so for a directory
name like "Sample 2.6.4" the output of %%~nI will be truncated to "Sample 2.6" to
return the whole folder name use %%I or %%~nxI

您不需要使用DelayedExpansion，您可以使用cmd /v/c echo\!curdir!或echo\%%~nxI
- ```
By default expansion will happen just once, before each line is executed.
The !delayed! expansion is performed each time the line is executed, or for 
each loop in a FOR looping command.
Note: Source linked to ss64.com 
```
  这正是您的代码在您的问题（和答案）中所做的事情，您使用了多个for循环，而DelayedExpansion如果您使用单个循环，则没有必要for /D /R使用时 %%~nxI
  
  对于相同的结果并在选定的行上使用，如果您使用一个或多个 for循环，您还可以DelayedExpansion在运行时使用 cmd /v /c echo\!curdir!扩展当时的变量值来启用。
- ```
)do set "curdir=%%~nxI" && cmd /v /c " echo\!curdir!"
```

为了获得与代码输出问题相同的输出，您可以为横幅设置/使用一个变量（set _=echo\ ----），并将其调整为所需的布局输出：

)do %_% & echo\%%~nxI & dir "%%~nxI" & echo\ %%~nxI & %_%

或者，按照一种常规格式

@echo off

set "_=echo\ -------------------"

for /D /R "c:\tmp\Logs_UAT" %%I in (*)do (

%_%
echo\%%~nxI
dir "%%~nxI"
echo\ %%~nxI
%_%

)

对于一行中带有for /D /R循环的一个简单而简短的输出选项，您可以尝试：

@echo off

for /d /r "c:\tmp\Logs_UAT" %%I in (*)do set "curdir=%%~nxI" && cmd /v /c " echo\!curdir!"

进一步阅读：

[√]放

[√]命令 /？

[√]For 循环

[√]For/D 循环

[√]For/R 循环

[√]延缓扩张

Answer

为了让您在一次循环中获得与问题相同的结果：

@echo off

set "_=echo\ -------------------"
for /D /R "c:\tmp\Logs_UAT" %%I in (*
)do %_% & echo\%%~nxI & dir "%%~nxI" & echo\ %%~nxI & %_%

你的输出：

 -------------------

 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 32E8-70C5

 Directory of c:\tmp\Logs_UAT\folder1

05/06/2020  02:40 PM    <DIR>          .
05/06/2020  02:40 PM    <DIR>          ..
05/06/2020  02:41 PM                 8 test.txt
               1 File(s)              8 bytes
               2 Dir(s)   3,128,999,936 bytes free
 folder1
 -------------------
 -------------------

 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 32E8-70C5

 Directory of c:\tmp\Logs_UAT\folder2

05/06/2020  02:47 PM    <DIR>          .
05/06/2020  02:47 PM    <DIR>          ..
05/06/2020  02:48 PM                 7 folder2.txt
               1 File(s)              7 bytes
               2 Dir(s)   3,128,999,936 bytes free
 folder2
 -------------------