我试图将 debian 9 升级到 10,但是当我尝试运行 sudo apt-get update、sudo apt-get Upgrade 和 sudo apt-get full-upgrade 时,它们都收到以下错误消息:
optiplex@optiplex:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
linux-image-generic-lts-xenial : Depends: linux-firmware but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
我尝试跑步
apt --fix-broken install
但后来我收到了这个错误消息:
optiplex@optiplex:~$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
linux-image-4.9.0-8-amd64
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following additional packages will be installed:
linux-firmware
The following NEW packages will be installed:
linux-firmware
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/33.9 MB of archives.
After this operation, 127 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated!
linux-firmware
Install these packages without verification? [y/N] y
(Reading database ... 514688 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-firmware_1.127.24_all.deb ...
Unpacking linux-firmware (1.127.24) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-firmware_1.127.24_all.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/lib/firmware/cis/PE-200.cis', which is also in package firmware-linux-free 3.4
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/linux-firmware_1.127.24_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
有人可以帮我解决这个问题吗?
编辑:
我正在查看 GAD3R 给出的说明,但这次每当我尝试使用 apt 执行任何操作时,我都会收到略有不同的错误消息:
dpkg: error processing package snapd (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
snapd
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
编辑2:
我已经尽力了,apt-get upgrade
但我不断收到错误:
... Selecting previously unselected package x11proto-dev.
Preparing to unpack .../513-x11proto-dev_2018.4-4_all.deb ...
Unpacking x11proto-dev (2018.4-4) ...
Preparing to unpack .../514-xbrlapi_5.6-10_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking xbrlapi (5.6-10) over (5.4-7+deb9u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../515-xscreensaver-data_5.42+dfsg1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking xscreensaver-data (5.42+dfsg1-1) over (5.36-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../516-xscreensaver-gl_5.42+dfsg1-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking xscreensaver-gl (5.42+dfsg1-1) over (5.36-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../517-xserver-xephyr_2%3a1.20.4-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking xserver-xephyr (2:1.20.4-1) over (2:1.19.2-1+deb9u5) ...
Preparing to unpack .../518-xterm_344-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking xterm (344-1) over (327-2) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-3w5XWy/270-libel-api-java_3.0.0-2_all.deb
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-3w5XWy/303-libjsp-api-java_2.3.4-2_all.deb
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-3w5XWy/361-libwebsocket-api-java_1.1-1_all.deb
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-3w5XWy/433-plymouth_0.9.4-1.1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我在 Optiplex 755 PC 上运行 Debian 9
感谢您的时间!
尼古拉.
答案1
要将 Debian 9 升级到 10,您应该具有仅有的您的以下几行/etc/apt/sources.list
:
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ buster/updates main
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main
禁用目录下的第三方存储库/etc/apt/sources.list.d/
。
在您的情况下,您启用了 ubuntu-xenial 存储库(它提供了软件包linux-image-generic-lts-xenial
),它将破坏您的系统。
然后运行:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install linux-image-amd64
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt dist-upgrade
正如所说@斯蒂芬·基特,linux-firmware_1.127.24_all.deb
属于 Ubuntu Trusty 导致的error code (1)
,应该将其删除:apt purge linux-firmware
。
解决以下错误(post-removal
脚本):
Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-firmware_1.127.24_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
编辑该/var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-firmware.postrm
文件并将其内容替换为:
#!/bin/bash
/bin/true
解决以下错误(post-installation
脚本):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: snapd E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
编辑/var/lib/dpkg/info/snapd.postinst
如下:
#!/bin/bash
/bin/true
更新:
备份文件/var/lib/dpkg/status
,/var/lib/dpkg/status-old
然后将其替换status
为status-old
:
sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/status /var/lib/dpkg/status.bak1
sudo cp /var/lib/dpkg/status-old /var/lib/dpkg/status-old.bak1
sudo mv /var/lib/dpkg/status-old /var/lib/dpkg/status
然后运行:
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt clean
sudo apt autoclean
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
答案2
好的,
我已经编辑了 resources.list 文件,现在它看起来像这样:
#deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main non-free contrib
# stretch-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
#deb http://ftp.au.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
#deb-src http://ftp.au.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
#deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian stretch-backports main
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ buster/updates main
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main
我查看了sources.list.d
里面有许多存储库:
google-chrome.list
google-chrome.list.save
oibaf-ubuntu-graphics-drivers-eoan.list
oibaf-ubuntu-graphics-drivers-eoan.list.save
qucs-ubuntu-qucs-disco.list
qucs-ubuntu-qucs-disco.list.save
stretch-backports.list
stretch-backports.list.save
ubuntu-x-swat-ubuntu-updates-eoan.list
ubuntu-x-swat-ubuntu-updates-eoan.list.save
webupd8team-ubuntu-brackets-eoan.list
webupd8team-ubuntu-brackets-eoan.list.save
我打开并检查了所有这些,但没有一个有linux-image-generic-lts-xenial
名字。我怀疑那些名字中带有 ubuntu 的人也可能是罪魁祸首。我也尝试运行,apt purge linux-firmware
但出现了与以前相同的错误。