我想将来自以“ United
”开头的国家/地区的所有驱动程序名称都大写。
例如:
从
20 [United Kingdom] Nigel Mansell 188 31
到
20 [United Kingdom] NIGEL MANSELL 188 31
我正在使用的命令:
cat f1.txt | sed -r 's/[^ ]"United"\s+[A-Z]+[a-z]*]\s+[A-Z]+[a-z]*\s+[A-Z]+[a-z]*-?[A-Z]?+[a-z]?*/\U&/g'
完整列表:
Rank Country Driver Races Wins
1 [United Kingdom] Lewis Hamilton 264 94
3 [Spain] Fernando Alonso 311 32
8 [United Kingdom] Jenson Button 306 15
11 [Netherlands] Max Verstappen 116 9
17 [United Kingdom] David Coulthard 246 13
20 [United Kingdom] Nigel Mansell 188 31
26 [United Kingdom] Jackie Stewart 100 27
27 [United Kingdom] Damon Hill 115 22
28 [Spain] Carlos Sainz Jr. 115 0
32 [United Kingdom] Graham Hill 177 14
37 [United Kingdom] Jim Clark 72 25
38 [Poland] Robert Kubica 97 1
41 [South Africa] Jody Scheckter 112 10
42 [New Zealand] Denny Hulme 112 8
47 [Switzerland] Clay Regazzoni 131 5
49 [Sweden] Ronnie Peterson 123 10
50 [New Zealand] Bruce McLaren 102 4
51 [Russian Federation] Daniil Kvyat 107 0
52 [United Kingdom] Eddie Irvine 147 4
54 [United Kingdom] Stirling Moss 72 16
58 [United Kingdom] John Surtees 111 6
59 [United States] Mario Andretti 128 12
60 [United Kingdom] James Hunt 92 10
63 [United Kingdom] John Watson 152 5
64 [Thailand] Alexander Albon 35 0
69 [United States] Dan Gurney 86 4
71 [United Kingdom] Mike Hawthorn 48 3
76 [United Kingdom] Lando Norris 35 0
78 [United Kingdom] Paul di Resta 59 0
80 [United States] Richie Ginther 52 1
85 [United States] Phil Hill 51 3
86 [United Kingdom] Martin Brundle 158 0
87 [United Kingdom] Johnny Herbert 161 3
89 [Sweden] Stefan Johansson 79 0
90 [New Zealand] Chris Amon 97 0
94 [United Kingdom] Tony Brooks 41 6
95 [Venezuela] Pastor Maldonado 95 1
99 [United Kingdom] Derek Warwick 147 0
100 [United States] Eddie Cheever 132 0
101 [Switzerland] Jo Siffert 97 2
103 [Russian Federation] Vitaly Petrov 57 0
104 [United Kingdom] Peter Revson 30 2
113 [United Kingdom] Peter Collins 36 3
114 [United Kingdom] Innes Ireland 52 1
119 [Sweden] Jo Bonnier 106 1
120 [Spain] Pedro de la Rosa 105 0
124 [United Kingdom] Mark Blundell 61 0
125 [United States] Harry Schell 63 0
127 [Sweden] Gunnar Nilsson 31 1
128 [Spain] Jaime Alguersuari 46 0
130 [United States] Jim Rathmann 12 1
132 [United Kingdom] Mike Hailwood 51 0
133 [Switzerland] Sebastien Buemi 55 0
135 [United Kingdom] Mike Spence 36 0
136 [South Africa] Tony Maggs 26 0
140 [United States] Masten Gregory 40 0
142 [United States] Sam Hanks 9 1
143 [United Kingdom] Piers Courage 27 0
145 [United States] Bill Vukovich 5 2
147 [United Kingdom] Tom Pryce 42 0
148 [United Kingdom] Roy Salvadori 48 0
149 [United States] Jimmy Bryan 9 1
153 [Sweden] Marcus Ericsson 97 0
159 [Switzerland] Marc Surer 82 0
160 [Netherlands] Jos Verstappen 106 0
161 [United Kingdom] Stuart Lewis-Evans 14 0
167 [United Kingdom] Mike Parkes 6 0
168 [United States] Rodger Ward 12 1
174 [United Kingdom] Jonathan Palmer 84 0
176 [Sweden] Reine Wisell 23 0
179 [United Kingdom] Jackie Oliver 50 0
180 [United States] Johnnie Parsons 10 1
181 [United Kingdom] Peter Arundell 13 0
185 [United States] Tony Bettenhausen 13 0
186 [United Kingdom] Cliff Allison 16 0
187 [United Kingdom] Richard Attwood 17 0
188 [United Kingdom] Peter Gethin 30 1
191 [Switzerland] Rudi Fischer 7 0
192 [United States] Johnny Thomson 9 0
194 [New Zealand] Howden Ganley 36 0
199 [United States] Troy Ruttman 8 1
200 [United States] Lee Wallard 2 1
答案1
你做得太过分了,利用你的文件结构来保持简单!
如果我们在一行中找到该字符串[United
,则将从右大括号到行尾的所有内容都大写即可给出您想要的结果。将其翻译成 Sed 语言,
sed '/\[United/s/].*/\U&/' file
请注意,以上内容特定于 GNU Sed。如果不可用但在 POSIX 系统中,您可以使用前任(或参见αГsнιη 的 Awk 版本) 具有类似的语法:
printf '%s\n' 'g/\[United/s/].*/\U&/' '%p' | ex file
要将更改保存到文件而不是打印结果,请更改%p
为x
.
答案2
使用awk
:
awk -F"[][]" '$2 ~/^United/ { $2="["$2"]"; $3=toupper($3); }1' OFS='' infile
在[...]
我们将]
和定义[
为字段分隔符之后,检查第二个字段是否以United
文本开头,如果是,则在第二个字段周围添加回来[]
(我假设没有其他列倾斜这些字符,否则这些字段将错过这一点);然后我们将第三列转换为其大写值;习惯用法1
是触发awk
默认打印(一种始终为真的条件)。
答案3
当该记录的第二个字段中有 United 时,我们awk
可以通过首先确定当前记录中右方括号的位置来做到这一点。
$ awk '
$2 == "[United" {
p = match($0, /]/)
$0 = substr($0, 1, p-1) \
toupper(substr($0, p))
}1
' f1.txt
Posixly sed 可以按照与 awk 解决方案相同的思路来完成此操作。我们需要获取]位置并标记它,以便将模式空间分为两半。右半部分有名称,我们通过 y/// 命令将其大写。
$ sed -e "
/\[United[[:blank:]]/!b
y/]/\n/
h;s/.*\n//
y/$(printf %s {a..z})/$(printf %s {A..Z})/
x;s/\n.*//
G
y/\n/]/
" f1.txt
$ perl -pe 's/\[United\s+.*?]\K(.*)/\U$1/' f1.txt