我们如何复制整个目录模板/结构或骨架?
由于没有使用说明:
Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
-a, --archive same as -dR --preserve=all
--attributes-only don't copy the file data, just the attributes
--backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file
-b like --backup but does not accept an argument
--copy-contents copy contents of special files when recursive
-d same as --no-dereference --preserve=links
-f, --force if an existing destination file cannot be
opened, remove it and try again (this option
is ignored when the -n option is also used)
-i, --interactive prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n
option)
-H follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE
-l, --link hard link files instead of copying
-L, --dereference always follow symbolic links in SOURCE
-n, --no-clobber do not overwrite an existing file (overrides
a previous -i option)
-P, --no-dereference never follow symbolic links in SOURCE
-p same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps
--preserve[=ATTR_LIST] preserve the specified attributes (default:
mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible
additional attributes: context, links, xattr,
all
--no-preserve=ATTR_LIST don't preserve the specified attributes
--parents use full source file name under DIRECTORY
-R, -r, --recursive copy directories recursively
--reflink[=WHEN] control clone/CoW copies. See below
--remove-destination remove each existing destination file before
attempting to open it (contrast with --force)
--sparse=WHEN control creation of sparse files. See below
--strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE
argument
-s, --symbolic-link make symbolic links instead of copying
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY
-T, --no-target-directory treat DEST as a normal file
-u, --update copy only when the SOURCE file is newer
than the destination file or when the
destination file is missing
-v, --verbose explain what is being done
-x, --one-file-system stay on this file system
-Z set SELinux security context of destination
file to default type
--context[=CTX] like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the SELinux
or SMACK security context to CTX
请给个好的指导
答案1
如果您的意思是只想复制类型的文件目录,递归地而不是其他类型的文件,您可以使用pax
(标准但不能处理任意文件名,除非您使用非标准扩展名,并且我不知道任何兼容或可以处理任意文件名的开源实现) 或cpio
/ tar
(常见,但实现之间的语法有所不同,并且并非所有实现都能够处理任意文件名或能够复制所有元数据)或rsync
(只有一种实现,但通常默认情况下不安装)。
例如,将目录内找到的结构(可能包括元数据)复制$src
到$dst
目录中:
使用 libarchive 的bsdtar
:
(
cd -P -- "$src" &&
find . -type d -print0 | bsdtar --null -T - -cnf -
) | (cd -P -- "$dst" && bsdtar -xpSf -)
和rsync
:
rsync -aAX --include='*/' --exclude='*' -- "$src/" "$dst/"
请注意,有些元数据只能复制(可能是所有权和一些扩展属性),另请参阅手册页中有关保留哪些扩展属性root
的文档。-X
rsync