我有这个 6 个月前的 5TB 外置硬盘。我最近开始遇到很多 I/O 错误，所以我备份了数据，然后使用 gparted 创建一个新的分区表，一个新的主分区。
然后我运行以下代码尝试查看是否是硬件问题：
sudo e2fsck -fcky /dev/sdc1
到目前为止我有以下结果：
检查坏块（只读测试）：完成 9.24%，已过 11:44:51。 (8333/0/0 错误）
老实说我有点震惊，我没想到事情会这么糟糕。
所以我想我的问题确实是：
是否有可能因工具的错误使用而从 e2fsck 获得错误结果？或者这些结果是总是证明硬盘确实严重损坏？
更新：这是 smartctl 结果：
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.15.0-47-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: WDC WD50NMZW-59BCBS0
Serial Number: WD-WXC2DA1269FR
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 2bf66ed54
Firmware Version: 01.01A01
User Capacity: 5.000.947.523.584 bytes [5,00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 4800 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
TRIM Command: Available, deterministic
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 5
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sun Sep 11 12:26:06 2022 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: FAILED!
Drive failure expected in less than 24 hours. SAVE ALL DATA.
See vendor-specific Attribute list for failed Attributes.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 73) The previous self-test completed having
a test element that failed and the test
element that failed is not known.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (12480) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x1b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
No Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 530) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x30b5) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 001 001 051 Pre-fail Always FAILING_NOW 48799
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 253 253 021 Pre-fail Always - 2875
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1290
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 185 185 140 Pre-fail Always - 30664
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 198 195 000 Old_age Always - 899
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 095 095 000 Old_age Always - 3812
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 32
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 27
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 194 194 000 Old_age Always - 20670
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 100 094 000 Old_age Always - 52
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 001 001 000 Old_age Always - 1543
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 93
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed: unknown failure 90% 3792 -
# 2 Short offline Completed: unknown failure 90% 3792 -
# 3 Short offline Completed: unknown failure 90% 3792 -
Selective Self-tests/Logging not supported
答案1
那是磁盘坏了。感兴趣的 SMART 值（最后一列）：
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate ... Pre-fail Always FAILING_NOW 48799 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct ... Pre-fail Always - 30664 9 Power_On_Hours ... Old_age Always - 3812 194 Temperature_Celsius ... Old_age Always - 52 196 Reallocated_Event_Count ... Old_age Always - 1543 197 Current_Pending_Sector ... Old_age Always - 93 198 Offline_Uncorrectable ... Old_age Offline - 0
关于这个明显出现故障的磁盘的唯一其他评论是温度似乎有点高，这可能是正常的。磁盘周围是否有足够的气流？
由于它只有六个月的历史，我会尝试让卖家将其更换为新的，因为“购买时有缺陷”。但是，如果做不到这一点，您将从 Western Digital 获得保修更换 - 请参阅https://support-en.wd.com/app/warrantystatusweb并输入以 开头的序列号WX。
没有任何意义用它做更多的事情，除了，
- 尝试挽救磁盘上尚未备份的任何数据（
ddrescue此时使用 - 其他任何东西都不会触及它） - 登记保修索赔
祝你好运。