我正在运行 Fedora 37，在过去的几周里，我注意到当我输入sudo dnf upgrade说它们之间存在冲突时，它会跳过一些软件包。包裹ffmpeg-libs来自rpmfusion-free和ffmpeg-libs来自rpmfusion-free-updates。这是最近的输出sudo dnf update：
opr repo for rendezvous owned by peterwu 1.2 kB/s | 1.8 kB 00:01
Copr repo for PyCharm owned by phracek 1.0 kB/s | 2.1 kB 00:02
Fedora 37 - x86_64 5.2 kB/s | 5.6 kB 00:01
Fedora 37 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 1.1 kB/s | 989 B 00:00
Fedora Modular 37 - x86_64 5.6 kB/s | 5.5 kB 00:00
Fedora 37 - x86_64 - Updates 2.2 kB/s | 6.3 kB 00:02
Fedora 37 - x86_64 - Updates 309 kB/s | 3.1 MB 00:10
Fedora Modular 37 - x86_64 - Updates 4.7 kB/s | 5.4 kB 00:01
google-chrome 3.6 kB/s | 1.3 kB 00:00
google-chrome 5.5 kB/s | 3.6 kB 00:00
MEGAsync 2.1 kB/s | 1.5 kB 00:00
Node.js Packages for Fedora Linux 37 - x86_64 1.0 kB/s | 2.5 kB 00:02
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Free 7.1 kB/s | 11 kB 00:01
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Free - Updates 15 kB/s | 9.8 kB 00:00
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Nonfree 15 kB/s | 16 kB 00:01
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Nonfree - NVIDIA Dri 1.7 kB/s | 14 kB 00:08
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Nonfree - Steam 12 kB/s | 14 kB 00:01
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Nonfree - Updates 12 kB/s | 14 kB 00:01
Dependencies resolved.
Problem: package megasync-4.9.1.0-1.fc37.x86_64 requires ffmpeg-libs(x86-64), but none of the providers can be installed
- package ffmpeg-libs-5.1.2-3.fc37.x86_64 conflicts with libavcodec-free provided by libavcodec-free-5.1.3-1.fc37.x86_64
- package ffmpeg-libs-5.1.3-3.fc37.x86_64 conflicts with libavcodec-free provided by libavcodec-free-5.1.3-1.fc37.x86_64
- cannot install the best update candidate for package megasync-4.9.1-3.1.x86_64
- cannot install the best update candidate for package libavcodec-free-5.1.3-1.fc37.x86_64
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Upgrading:
alsa-sof-firmware noarch 2.2.5-1.fc37 updates 3.4 M
ansible-srpm-macros noarch 1-10.fc37 updates 20 k
ethtool x86_64 2:6.3-1.fc37 updates 238 k
firefox x86_64 113.0.1-1.fc37 updates 67 M
firefox-langpacks x86_64 113.0.1-1.fc37 updates 43 M
gnome-autoar x86_64 0.4.4-1.fc37 updates 59 k
grilo x86_64 0.3.16-1.fc37 updates 245 k
perl-AutoLoader noarch 5.74-494.fc37 updates 22 k
perl-B x86_64 1.83-494.fc37 updates 182 k
perl-Class-Struct noarch 0.66-494.fc37 updates 23 k
perl-DynaLoader x86_64 1.52-494.fc37 updates 27 k
perl-Errno x86_64 1.36-494.fc37 updates 16 k
perl-Fcntl x86_64 1.15-494.fc37 updates 21 k
perl-File-Basename noarch 2.85-494.fc37 updates 18 k
perl-File-Find noarch 1.40-494.fc37 updates 26 k
perl-File-stat noarch 1.12-494.fc37 updates 18 k
perl-FileHandle noarch 2.03-494.fc37 updates 16 k
perl-Getopt-Std noarch 1.13-494.fc37 updates 17 k
perl-IO x86_64 1.50-494.fc37 updates 93 k
perl-IPC-Open3 noarch 1.22-494.fc37 updates 24 k
perl-NDBM_File x86_64 1.15-494.fc37 updates 23 k
perl-POSIX x86_64 2.03-494.fc37 updates 98 k
perl-SelectSaver noarch 1.02-494.fc37 updates 13 k
perl-Symbol noarch 1.09-494.fc37 updates 15 k
perl-base noarch 2.27-494.fc37 updates 17 k
perl-if noarch 0.61.000-494.fc37 updates 15 k
perl-interpreter x86_64 4:5.36.1-494.fc37 updates 73 k
perl-lib x86_64 0.65-494.fc37 updates 16 k
perl-libs x86_64 4:5.36.1-494.fc37 updates 2.2 M
perl-mro x86_64 1.26-494.fc37 updates 30 k
perl-overload noarch 1.35-494.fc37 updates 47 k
perl-overloading noarch 0.02-494.fc37 updates 14 k
perl-subs noarch 1.04-494.fc37 updates 13 k
perl-vars noarch 1.05-494.fc37 updates 14 k
pyproject-srpm-macros noarch 1.8.0-1.fc37 updates 15 k
Installing dependencies:
perl-locale noarch 1.10-494.fc37 updates 15 k
Skipping packages with conflicts:
(add '--best --allowerasing' to command line to force their upgrade):
ffmpeg-libs x86_64 5.1.2-3.fc37 rpmfusion-free 7.9 M
ffmpeg-libs x86_64 5.1.3-3.fc37 rpmfusion-free-updates 7.9 M
Skipping packages with broken dependencies:
megasync x86_64 4.9.1.0-1.fc37 rpmfusion-nonfree-updates 9.6 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Upgrade 35 Packages
Skip 3 Packages
Total download size: 117 M
Is this ok [y/N]:
另外，我跑了，sudo dnf upgrade --refresh --best --allowerasing但这也不起作用：
opr repo for rendezvous owned by peterwu 1.4 kB/s | 1.8 kB 00:01
Copr repo for PyCharm owned by phracek 1.1 kB/s | 2.1 kB 00:01
Fedora 37 - x86_64 5.3 kB/s | 5.6 kB 00:01
Fedora 37 openh264 (From Cisco) - x86_64 918 B/s | 989 B 00:01
Fedora Modular 37 - x86_64 5.9 kB/s | 5.5 kB 00:00
Fedora 37 - x86_64 - Updates 6.2 kB/s | 6.3 kB 00:01
Fedora Modular 37 - x86_64 - Updates 6.0 kB/s | 5.4 kB 00:00
google-chrome 3.1 kB/s | 1.3 kB 00:00
MEGAsync 1.9 kB/s | 1.5 kB 00:00
Node.js Packages for Fedora Linux 37 - x86_64 1.3 kB/s | 2.5 kB 00:01
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Free 11 kB/s | 11 kB 00:01
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Free - Updates 8.4 kB/s | 9.8 kB 00:01
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Nonfree 23 kB/s | 16 kB 00:00
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Nonfree - NVIDIA Dri 13 kB/s | 14 kB 00:01
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Nonfree - Steam 12 kB/s | 14 kB 00:01
RPM Fusion for Fedora 37 - Nonfree - Updates 21 kB/s | 14 kB 00:00
Error:
Problem: cannot install the best update candidate for package libavcodec-free-5.1.3-1.fc37.x86_64
- problem with installed package libavcodec-free-5.1.3-1.fc37.x86_64
- package megasync-4.9.1.0-1.fc37.x86_64 requires ffmpeg-libs(x86-64), but none of the providers can be installed
- package ffmpeg-libs-5.1.2-3.fc37.x86_64 conflicts with libavcodec-free provided by libavcodec-free-5.1.3-1.fc37.x86_64
- package ffmpeg-libs-5.1.3-3.fc37.x86_64 conflicts with libavcodec-free provided by libavcodec-free-5.1.3-1.fc37.x86_64
- problem with installed package megasync-4.9.1-3.1.x86_64
- cannot install the best update candidate for package megasync-4.9.1-3.1.x86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages)
我该如何解决这个问题？我想升级到 Fedora 38，但我猜想由于冲突以及由此产生的依赖关系损坏会出现问题。
PS：我尝试删除libavcodec-free，但我不能，因为ffmpeg-free，gnome-shell-extension-gsconnect而其他人依赖于它。另外，如果我没猜错的话，libavcodec它是 VLC 和其他人使用的重要视频和音频编码工具。
答案1
从RPM Fusion — CommonBugs 无 FFmpeg 的补充:
状态：已修复（在某种程度上）
随着 Fedora 中引入 FFmpeg，我们有了一个初步的解决方案来解决与这个蹩脚版本的冲突。但这并不理想，因为大多数使用图形界面的用户将无法使用全功能版本。与 Fedora 37 一样，我们正在构建一个补充包 (libavcodec-freeworld)，它可以与 ffmpeg-free 库一起安装。
注意：仍然建议从 RPM Fusion 切换到全功能 ffmpeg 版本，以避免奇怪的交互问题：
sudo dnf swap ffmpeg-free ffmpeg --allowerasing