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检查IP是否在白名单数组范围内

tag-icon • tag-icon shell-script ip
检查IP是否在白名单数组范围内 
#!/bin/bash

MAXCDN_ARRAY="108.161.176.0/20 94.46.144.0/20 146.88.128.0/20 198.232.124.0/22 23.111.8.0/22 217.22.28.0/22 64.125.76.64/27 64.125.76.96/27 64.125.78.96/27 64.125.78.192/27 64.125.78.224/27 64.125.102.32/27 64.125.102.64/27 64.125.102.96/27 94.31.27.64/27 94.31.33.128/27 94.31.33.160/27 94.31.33.192/27 94.31.56.160/27 177.54.148.0/24 185.18.207.65/26 50.31.249.224/27 50.31.251.32/28 119.81.42.192/27 119.81.104.96/28 119.81.67.8/29 119.81.0.104/30 119.81.1.144/30 27.50.77.226/32 27.50.79.130/32 119.81.131.130/32 119.81.131.131/32 216.12.211.59/32 216.12.211.60/32 37.58.110.67/32 37.58.110.68/32 158.85.206.228/32 158.85.206.231/32 174.36.204.195/32 174.36.204.196/32"

$IP = 108.161.184.123

if [ $IP in $MAXCDN_ARRAY ];
    then:
        echo "$IP is in MAXCDN range"
    else:
        echo "$IP is not in MAXCDN range"
fi

我有一个 IP 列表MAXCDN_ARRAY用作白名单。我想检查特定的 IP 地址是否在此数组的范围内。

我如何构建代码，以便它可以比较数组中的所有 IP，并说出此列表范围内的特定 IP？

答案1

您可以使用grepcidr检查 IP 地址是否在 CIDR 网络列表中。

#! /bin/bash

NETWORKS="108.161.176.0/20 94.46.144.0/20 146.88.128.0/20 198.232.124.0/22
          23.111.8.0/22 217.22.28.0/22 64.125.76.64/27 64.125.76.96/27
          64.125.78.96/27 64.125.78.192/27 64.125.78.224/27 64.125.102.32/27
          64.125.102.64/27 64.125.102.96/27 94.31.27.64/27 94.31.33.128/27
          94.31.33.160/27 94.31.33.192/27 94.31.56.160/27 177.54.148.0/24
          185.18.207.65/26 50.31.249.224/27 50.31.251.32/28 119.81.42.192/27
          119.81.104.96/28 119.81.67.8/29 119.81.0.104/30 119.81.1.144/30
          27.50.77.226/32 27.50.79.130/32 119.81.131.130/32 119.81.131.131/32
          216.12.211.59/32 216.12.211.60/32 37.58.110.67/32 37.58.110.68/32
          158.85.206.228/32 158.85.206.231/32 174.36.204.195/32
          174.36.204.196/32"

for IP in 108.161.184.123 108.161.176.123 192.168.0.1 172.16.21.99; do
    grepcidr "$NETWORKS" <(echo "$IP") >/dev/null && \
        echo "$IP is in MAXCDN range" || \
        echo "$IP is not in MAXCDN range"
done

注意：grepcidr期望它匹配的 IP 地址位于文件中，而不仅仅是命令行上的参数。这就是为什么我必须使用<(echo "$IP")上面的方法。

输出：

108.161.184.123 is in MAXCDN range
108.161.176.123 is in MAXCDN range
192.168.0.1 is not in MAXCDN range
172.16.21.99 is not in MAXCDN range

grepcidr可以为多个发行版预先打包，包括 Debian：

Package: grepcidr
Version: 2.0-1
Description-en: Filter IP addresses matching IPv4 CIDR/network specification
 grepcidr can be used to filter a list of IP addresses against one or
 more Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) specifications, or
 arbitrary networks specified by an address range. As with grep, there
 are options to invert matching and load patterns from a file.
 grepcidr is capable of comparing thousands or even millions of IPs
 to networks with little memory usage and in reasonable computation
 time.
 .
 grepcidr has endless uses in network software, including: mail
 filtering and processing, network security, log analysis, and many
 custom applications.
 Homepage: http://www.pc-tools.net/unix/grepcidr/

否则，可以通过上面的链接获取来源。

另一种替代方法是使用众多库/模块之一编写perl或脚本，以使用这些语言操作和检查 IPv4 地址。python

例如，perl模块Data::Validate::IP有一个is_innet_ipv4($ip, $network)功能；Net::CIDR::Lite有一个非常相似的$cidr->find($ip);方法；并且Net::IPv4Addr有一个ipv4_in_network()函数。

python有类似的库，包括ipy、ipaddr、 和ipcalc等。

答案2

我意识到这是较旧的并且已经有了一个公认的答案，但是该解决方案利用了我编写的一个函数，以便在一个grepcidr不是跨所有服务器的标准包的环境中跨多个服务器进行可移植。

评论应该澄清它正在做什么。

#! /bin/bash

# Set DEBUG=1, in order to see it iterate through the calculations.
#DEBUG=1

MAXCDN_ARRAY="108.161.176.0/20 94.46.144.0/20 146.88.128.0/20 198.232.124.0/22 23.111.8.0/22 217.22.28.0/22 64.125.76.64/27 64.125.76.96/27 64.125.78.96/27 64.125.78.192/27 64.125.78.224/27 64.125.102.32/27 64.125.102.64/27 64.125.102.96/27 94.31.27.64/27 94.31.33.128/27 94.31.33.160/27 94.31.33.192/27 94.31.56.160/27 177.54.148.0/24 185.18.207.65/26 50.31.249.224/27 50.31.251.32/28 119.81.42.192/27 119.81.104.96/28 119.81.67.8/29 119.81.0.104/30 119.81.1.144/30 27.50.77.226/32 27.50.79.130/32 119.81.131.130/32 119.81.131.131/32 216.12.211.59/32 216.12.211.60/32 37.58.110.67/32 37.58.110.68/32 158.85.206.228/32 158.85.206.231/32 174.36.204.195/32 174.36.204.196/32"

IP=108.161.184.123

function in_subnet {
    # Determine whether IP address is in the specified subnet.
    #
    # Args:
    #   sub: Subnet, in CIDR notation.
    #   ip: IP address to check.
    #
    # Returns:
    #   1|0
    #
    local ip ip_a mask netmask sub sub_ip rval start end

    # Define bitmask.
    local readonly BITMASK=0xFFFFFFFF

    # Set DEBUG status if not already defined in the script.
    [[ "${DEBUG}" == "" ]] && DEBUG=0

    # Read arguments.
    IFS=/ read sub mask <<< "${1}"
    IFS=. read -a sub_ip <<< "${sub}"
    IFS=. read -a ip_a <<< "${2}"

    # Calculate netmask.
    netmask=$(($BITMASK<<$((32-$mask)) & $BITMASK))

    # Determine address range.
    start=0
    for o in "${sub_ip[@]}"
    do
        start=$(($start<<8 | $o))
    done

    start=$(($start & $netmask))
    end=$(($start | ~$netmask & $BITMASK))

    # Convert IP address to 32-bit number.
    ip=0
    for o in "${ip_a[@]}"
    do
        ip=$(($ip<<8 | $o))
    done

    # Determine if IP in range.
    (( $ip >= $start )) && (( $ip <= $end )) && rval=1 || rval=0

    (( $DEBUG )) &&
        printf "ip=0x%08X; start=0x%08X; end=0x%08X; in_subnet=%u\n" $ip $start $end $rval 1>&2

    echo "${rval}"
}

for subnet in $MAXCDN_ARRAY
do
    (( $(in_subnet $subnet $IP) )) &&
        echo "${IP} is in ${subnet}" && break
done

答案3

我想在一堆主机上运行它而无需安装grepcidr，我尝试过剧本经过执事但它不起作用，所以这是我写的，已确认可以工作。希望有人会发现这很有用：

function in_subnet {
    # Determine whether IP address is in the specified subnet.
    #
    # Args:
    #   cidr_subnet: Subnet, in CIDR notation.
    #   ip_addr: IP address to check.
    #
    # Returns:
    #   0|1
    #
    local readonly cidr_subnet="${1}"
    local readonly ip_addr="${2}"
    local subnet_ip cidr_mask netmask ip_addr_subnet subnet rval

    subnet_ip=$(echo "${cidr_subnet}" | cut -d'/' -f1)
    cidr_mask=$(echo "${cidr_subnet}" | cut -d'/' -f2)

    netmask=$(( 0xFFFFFFFF << $(( 32 - ${cidr_mask} )) ))

    # Apply netmask to both the subnet IP and the given IP address 
    ip_addr_subnet=$(( netmask & $(ip_to_int ${ip_addr}) ))
    subnet=$(( netmask & $(ip_to_int ${subnet_ip}) ))

    # Subnet IPs will match if given IP address is in CIDR subnet
    [ "${ip_addr_subnet}" == "${subnet}" ] && rval=0 || rval=1

    return $rval
}

function ip_to_int {
    local readonly ip_addr="${1}"
    local ip_1 ip_2 ip_3 ip_4

    ip_1=$(echo "${ip_addr}" | cut -d'.' -f1)
    ip_2=$(echo "${ip_addr}" | cut -d'.' -f2)
    ip_3=$(echo "${ip_addr}" | cut -d'.' -f3)
    ip_4=$(echo "${ip_addr}" | cut -d'.' -f4)

    echo $(( ip_1 * 256**3 + ip_2 * 256**2 + ip_3 * 256 + ip_4 ))
}

答案4

这是一个改进的脚本，在grepcidr此基础上显示匹配的 CIDR。

脚本：

echo -e "Searching...\n"; cat cidr.txt | while read NETWORK; do grepcidr "$NETWORK" ip.txt && echo -e "=> found in $NETWORK\n"; done

结果示例：

Searching...

172.17.1.1
172.18.1.1
=> found in 172.16.0.0/12

192.168.50.1
=> found in 192.168.50.0/24

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