在 Debian 12 上，使用命令dmesg | grep firmware，我可以看到以下消息：
[ 6.154197] r8169 0000:2f:00.0: firmware: failed to load rtl_nic/rtl8168h-2.fw (-2)
[ 6.154204] r8169 0000:2f:00.0: firmware: failed to load rtl_nic/rtl8168h-2.fw (-2)
[ 6.154205] r8169 0000:2f:00.0: Direct firmware load for rtl_nic/rtl8168h-2.fw failed with error -2
[ 6.154207] r8169 0000:2f:00.0: Unable to load firmware rtl_nic/rtl8168h-2.fw (-2)
然而，我的以太网卡无需额外的非免费固件包即可工作。
使用命令apt-file search rtl8168h-2.fw，我可以看到固件-realtek包包含固件。
安装包含固件的firmware-realtek软件包有什么好处？是否有技术变更日志可以查看 0.0.2 版本有哪些变化？我在软件包变更日志中可以看到的所有内容https://metadata.ftp-master.debian.org/changelogs//non-free-firmware/f/firmware-nonfree/firmware-nonfree_20230210-5_changelog是realtek: Update RTL8107E-1, RTL8107E-2, RTL8168H-1 and RTL8168H-2 firmware to version 0.0.2。
如果使用过以太网卡，是否可以知道预装的固件版本？
我还注意到许多其他可能丢失的固件显示为update-initramfs -u：
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8125b-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8125a-3.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8107e-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168fp-3.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168h-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168g-3.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168g-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8106e-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8106e-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8411-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8411-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8402-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168f-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168f-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8105e-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-3.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168e-1.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168d-2.fw for module r8169
W: Possible missing firmware /lib/firmware/rtl_nic/rtl8168d-1.fw for module r8169
根据以下内容，可以忽略“可能缺少固件”警告Linux 升级 (Debian) - 可能缺少固件问题但就我而言，我之前提到的 dmesg 还显示了另一条消息。