我正在尝试将节点值置于堆叠图中每个条形图的中间。但是我只能将这些节点放在每个条形图的顶部。是否可以将它们向下移动？更准确地说是移到每个条形图的中心。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
x tick label style={
/pgf/number format/1000 sep=},
ylabel=Population,
enlargelimits=0.05,
legend style={at={(0.5,-0.15)},
anchor=north,legend columns=-1},
ybar stacked,
nodes near coords, nodes near coords align={center},
]
\addplot
coordinates {(1930,50e6) (1940,33e6)
(1950,40e6) (1960,50e6) (1970,70e6)};
\addplot
coordinates {(1930,38e6) (1940,42e6)
(1950,43e6) (1960,45e6) (1970,65e6)};
\addplot
coordinates {(1930,15e6) (1940,12e6)
(1950,13e6) (1960,25e6) (1970,35e6)};
\addplot
coordinates {(1930,15e6) (1940,12e6)
(1950,13e6) (1960,25e6) (1970,35e6)};
\legend{Far,Near,Here,There}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
这就是我得到的
编辑
好的，感谢 Jake，现在上面的示例可以正常工作了。我还注意到，我使用浮点数的示例不起作用，因为我没有在\makeatletter文档后面使用。
但是，当我使用浮点值使用解决方案时，条形图不会像不使用它们时那样出现。
使用这些值之前：
根据这个例子我得到了：
代码是这样的
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotstableread{
1 19.178 26.027 8.219 6.849 39.726
2 54.795 21.918 4.110 6.849 12.329
3 28.767 16.438 6.849 8.219 39.726
4 63.014 2.740 2.740 2.740 28.767
5 90.411 1.370 6.849 0.000 1.370
6 15.068 2.740 16.438 8.219 57.534
7 67.123 0.000 0.000 0.000 32.877
8 72.603 6.849 5.479 0.000 15.068
9 56.164 12.329 6.849 4.110 20.548
10 50.685 4.110 8.219 1.370 35.616
}\datatable
\begin{document}
\makeatletter
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
ylabel=label,
xtick=data,
xticklabels={S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,S6,S7,S8,S9,S10},
enlarge y limits=false,
enlarge x limits=0.1,
ymin=0,ymax=100,
ybar stacked,
bar width=10pt,
legend style={
font=\footnotesize,
cells={anchor=west},
legend columns=5,
at={(0.5,-0.15)},
anchor=north,
/tikz/every even column/.append style={column sep=0.2cm}
},
% Comment from here to produce the first plot
point meta=explicit,
calculate offset/.code={
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=true,/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed}
\pgfmathsetmacro\testmacro{(\pgfplotspointmeta*10^\pgfplots@data@scale@trafo@EXPONENT@y)/2*\pgfplots@y@veclength)}
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=false}
},
every node near coord/.style={
/pgfplots/calculate offset,
yshift=-\testmacro
},
nodes near coords,
nodes near coords align=center
]
\addplot table [meta index=1] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=1, meta index=2] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=2, meta index=3] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=3, meta index=4] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=4, meta index=5] \datatable;
% This code produces the first plot
%\addplot table[x index=0,y index=1] \datatable;
%\addplot table[x index=0,y index=2] \datatable;
%\addplot table[x index=0,y index=3] \datatable;
%\addplot table[x index=0,y index=4] \datatable;
%\addplot table[x index=0,y index=5] \datatable;
\legend{Far,Near,Here,There,NotThere}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
不再需要这种手动解决方案
作为Stefan Pinnow 指出从 1.9 版开始，PGFPlots 可以立即实现此功能
历史答案：
好了，就在这里！两个关键点：您需要在命令中meta明确提供数据，否则 PGFplots 将使用该值，即meta=<column name>\addploty和各个值的距离。然后，您需要将数据值转换为画布上的距离。标签偏移的公式为<data value> * 10^<scaling exponent> / 2 * <y vector length>。由于您的示例中涉及较大的值，因此需要fpu在计算之前激活库，然后关闭库。
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotstableread{
Year Far Near Here There
1930 50e6 38e6 15e6 15e6
1940 33e6 42e6 12e6 12e6
1950 40e6 43e6 13e6 13e6
1960 50e6 45e6 25e6 25e6
1970 70e6 65e6 35e6 35e6
}\datatable
\begin{document}
\makeatletter
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
ymin=0,
x tick label style={
/pgf/number format/1000 sep={}
},
ylabel=Population,
enlargelimits=0.14, enlarge y limits=upper,
legend style={
at={(0.5,-0.15)},
anchor=north,
legend columns=-1
},
ybar stacked, bar width=3.5em,
point meta=explicit,
calculate offset/.code={
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=true,/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed}
\pgfmathsetmacro\testmacro{(\pgfplotspointmeta*10^\pgfplots@data@scale@trafo@EXPONENT@y)/2*\pgfplots@y@veclength)}
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=false}
},
every node near coord/.style={
/pgfplots/calculate offset,
yshift=-\testmacro
},
nodes near coords,
nodes near coords align=center
]
\addplot table [meta=Far] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=Near, meta=Near] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=Here, meta=Here] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=There, meta=There] \datatable;
\legend{Far,Near,Here,There}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
如果您提供正确的选项，您的第二个示例也可以正常工作y=<...>, meta=<...>。它们需要相同，并且需要与数据表中的正确列相对应。
在下面的例子中，我引入了一种新样式nodes near coords vertically centered，它可以执行计算并相应地移动标签。
S2 和 S4 行的最顶部部分没有标签，因为您的数据加起来略大于 100，所以标签被剪掉了。解决此问题的最简单方法是设置ymax=100.01。或者，您可以确保您的数据加起来正好是 100。
要隐藏数据为 0 的标签，您可以使用\pgfmathfloatifflags{<float to check>}{<flag>}{<action if true>}{<action if false>}宏将节点转换为坐标（没有文本），如果值为 0。
\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotstableread{
1 19.178 26.027 8.219 6.849 39.726
2 54.794 21.918 4.110 6.849 12.329
3 28.767 16.438 6.849 8.219 39.726
4 63.014 2.740 2.740 2.740 28.767
5 90.411 1.370 6.849 0.000 1.370
6 15.068 2.740 16.438 8.219 57.534
7 67.123 0.000 0.000 0.000 32.877
8 72.603 6.849 5.479 0.000 15.068
9 56.164 12.329 6.849 4.110 20.548
10 50.685 4.110 8.219 1.370 35.616
}\datatable
\makeatletter
\pgfplotsset{
calculate offset/.code={
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=true,/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed}
\pgfmathsetmacro\testmacro{(\pgfplotspointmeta*10^\pgfplots@data@scale@trafo@EXPONENT@y)/2*\pgfplots@y@veclength)}
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=false}
},
nodes near coords vertically centered/.style={
every node near coord/.append style={
/pgfplots/calculate offset,
yshift=-\testmacro
},
nodes near coords align=center
}
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
xtick=data,
xticklabels={S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,S6,S7,S8,S9,S10},
enlarge y limits=false,
enlarge x limits=0.1,
ymin=0,ymax=100.01,
ybar stacked,
bar width=10pt,
point meta=explicit,
nodes near coords={\pgfmathprintnumber[fixed zerofill,precision=1]{\pgfplotspointmeta}
},
every node near coord/.style={
check for zero/.code={ % If meta=0, make the node a coordinate (which doesn't have text)
\pgfmathfloatifflags{\pgfplotspointmeta}{0}{
\pgfkeys{/tikz/coordinate}
}{}
}, check for zero, fill=white, fill opacity=0.75, text opacity=1, font=\scriptsize, inner ysep=0.5pt},
nodes near coords vertically centered
]
\addplot table [y=1,meta=1] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=2, meta=2] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=3, meta=3] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=4, meta=4] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=5, meta=5] \datatable;
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
经过一些修改，该代码也可以用于xbar图表：
\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotstableread{
1 19.178 26.027 8.219 6.849 39.726
2 54.794 21.918 4.110 6.849 12.329
3 28.767 16.438 6.849 8.219 39.726
4 63.014 2.740 2.740 2.740 28.767
5 90.411 1.370 6.849 0.000 1.370
6 15.068 2.740 16.438 8.219 57.534
7 67.123 0.000 0.000 0.000 32.877
8 72.603 6.849 5.479 0.000 15.068
9 56.164 12.329 6.849 4.110 20.548
10 50.685 4.110 8.219 1.370 35.616
}\datatable
\makeatletter
\pgfplotsset{
calculate offset/.code={
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=true,/pgf/fpu/output format=fixed}
\pgfmathsetmacro\testmacro{(\pgfplotspointmeta*10^\pgfplots@data@scale@trafo@EXPONENT@x)/2*\pgfplots@x@veclength)}
\pgfkeys{/pgf/fpu=false}
},
nodes near coords horizontally centered/.style={
every node near coord/.append style={
/pgfplots/calculate offset,
xshift=-\testmacro
},
nodes near coords align=center
}
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
ytick=data,
yticklabels={S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,S6,S7,S8,S9,S10},
enlarge y limits=false,
enlarge y limits=0.1,
xmin=0,
xbar stacked,
bar width=10pt,
point meta=explicit,
nodes near coords={\pgfmathprintnumber[fixed zerofill,precision=0]{\pgfplotspointmeta}
},
every node near coord/.style={
check for zero/.code={ % If meta=0, make the node a coordinate (which doesn't have text)
\pgfmathfloatifflags{\pgfplotspointmeta}{0}{
\pgfkeys{/tikz/coordinate}
}{}
}, check for zero, fill=white, fill opacity=0.75, text opacity=1, font=\scriptsize, inner ysep=0.5pt, inner xsep=0.5pt},
nodes near coords horizontally centered
]
\addplot table [y=0, x=1,meta=1] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=0, x=2, meta=2] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=0, x=3, meta=3] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=0, x=4, meta=4] \datatable;
\addplot table [y=0, x=5, meta=5] \datatable;
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
作为记录
在 PGFPlots v1.9 中杰克的解决方案已实现为默认值。要使用它，只需将\pgfplotsset={compat=1.9}或更高版本添加到前言中。在下面的代码中，我还缩放了值，nodes near coords以便它们适合 y 轴的缩放比例。
\documentclass[border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{
compat=1.9,
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
ymin=0,
x tick label style={
/pgf/number format/1000 sep=,
},
ylabel=Population,
enlarge x limits=0.1,
legend style={
at={(0.5,-0.15)},
anchor=north,
legend columns=-1,
},
ybar stacked,
%
% % only show `nodes near coords' without scaling the values
% nodes near coords,
% apply the same scale to `nodes near coords' as for the y axis
visualization depends on={rawy/1e8 \as \scaledy},
nodes near coords={%
\pgfmathprintnumber{\scaledy}%
},
% also increase the `bar width' a bit, so the numbers fit into
% the bars
bar width=5,
]
\addplot coordinates {
(1930,50e6) (1940,33e6) (1950,40e6) (1960,50e6) (1970,70e6)
};
\addplot coordinates {
(1930,38e6) (1940,42e6) (1950,43e6) (1960,45e6) (1970,65e6)
};
\addplot coordinates {
(1930,15e6) (1940,12e6) (1950,13e6) (1960,25e6) (1970,35e6)
};
\addplot coordinates {
(1930,15e6) (1940,12e6) (1950,13e6) (1960,25e6) (1970,35e6)
};
\legend{
Far,
Near,
Here,
There%
}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
