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如何在 circuitikz 中反转 OP-AMP 的极点？

tag-icon • tag-icon circuitikz opamp
如何在 circuitikz 中反转 OP-AMP 的极点？

我的电路中有一个运算放大器，但我希望 + 极在上方，- 极在下方。我不知道该怎么做。（抱歉，我无法上传图片，这是我的第一篇帖子）

有人能帮助我吗？

\begin{center}
\begin{circuitikz} \draw
(0,0) node[op amp] (opamp) {}
;\end{circuitikz}
\end{center}

答案1

您可以使用yscale=-1：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{circuitikz}

\begin{document}

\begin{circuitikz} 
  \draw (0,0) node[op amp] (opamp1) {}
  (opamp1.+) node[left ] {$v_+$}
  (opamp1.-) node[left ] {$v_-$};
  \draw (3,0) node[op amp,yscale=-1] (opamp2) {}
  (opamp2.+) node[left ] {$v_+$}
  (opamp2.-) node[left ] {$v_-$};
\end{circuitikz}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

为了消除任何疑惑（我知道在发现这个帖子后我肯定花了几个小时在 Google 上搜索）：正如 Rmano 在评论在他的回答中，CircuiTikZ 现在使用选项原生支持反相/翻转运算放大器输入noinv input up（这意味着“将非反相（即 +）输入绘制为上端子”），默认情况下关闭noinv input down。事实上，使用 Rmano 答案中的代码得到的结果现在不如 CircuiTikZ 提供的结果理想！

答案比较（见下图）：

  1. Gonzalo Medina 接受的答案：

    \begin{circuitikz}
    \draw node[op amp, yscale=-1] (myopamp1) {$A$};
\end{circuitikz}

  2. Rmano 的回答（他makeatletter ... makeatother在序言中)：

    \begin{circuitikz}
    \draw node[op amp, noinv up] (myopamp1) {$A$};
\end{circuitikz}

  3. 自以下日期起，CircuiTikZ 中实现了本机选项：

    \begin{circuitikz}
    \draw node[op amp, noinv input up] (myopamp1) {$A$};
\end{circuitikz}

在 CircuiTikZ 中反转/翻转运算放大器端子：答案比较

您可以在 CircuiTikZ 1.3.0 手册第 3.22.2 节下找到有关通用放大器的更多信息（撰写本文时可在 CTAN 上获取）。

答案3

如果您只想切换+和-，则必须修改的定义op amp。我所做的是添加一个选项noinv up（以及相应的noinv down，如果您想要重置样式），该选项可切换反转和无反转输入，让其他锚点保持原位。

此外，我还添加了锚点in up，并in down针对独立于新选项的“向上”和“向下”的输入添加了锚点。

代码在 和 之间\makeatletter。\makeatother代码需要最新版本的circuitikz(你可以在 github 上找到它)，原因难以理解；如果您想坚持使用您的版本，您可能需要复制您的定义op amp并复制我所做的更改（在代码中标记在%%% RG:标记之间）。它看起来很长而且很复杂，但基本上是对原始代码的最小更改......

PS:我准备了一个tikzcircuit github cod 的 pull request有这个以及更多的东西……

结果：

在此处输入图片描述

代码：

\documentclass[border=10pt]{standalone}
\usepackage[siunitx, oldvoltagedirection]{circuitikzgit}
% needs the latest version of circuitikz, see github (dunno why) 
% \usepackage[siunitx]{circuitikz}
%
\makeatletter
%%% RG: added the option and the code to switch
\newif\ifpgf@circuit@oa@plusup\pgf@circuit@oa@plusupfalse
\pgfkeys{/tikz/noinv up/.add code={}{\pgf@circuit@oa@plusuptrue}}
\ctikzset{noinv up/.add code={}{\pgf@circuit@oa@plusuptrue}}
\pgfkeys{/tikz/noinv down/.add code={}{\pgf@circuit@oa@plusupfalse}}
\ctikzset{noinv down/.add code={}{\pgf@circuit@oa@plusupfalse}}
%%% RG stop 
\pgfdeclareshape{op amp}
{
    \anchor{center}{\pgfpointorigin}
    \savedanchor\northwest{%
        \pgf@y=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/height}\pgf@circ@Rlen
        \pgf@y=.5\pgf@y
        \pgf@x=-\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/width}\pgf@circ@Rlen
        \pgf@x=.5\pgf@x
    }
    \anchor{south}{
        \northwest
        \pgf@y=-\pgf@y
        \pgf@x=0pt
    }
    \anchor{north}{
        \northwest
        \pgf@x=0pt
    }
    \savedanchor\left{%
        \pgf@y=0pt
    }
    \anchor{leftedge}
    {\left
        \pgf@x = \pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/port width}\pgf@x
    }
    %%% RG: added the fixed anchors
    \savedanchor\inOneFixed{%
        \pgf@y=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/height}\pgf@circ@Rlen
        \pgf@y=.5\pgf@y
        \pgf@y=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/input height}\pgf@y
        \pgf@x=-\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/width}\pgf@circ@Rlen
        \pgf@x=.5\pgf@x
    }
    \anchor{in up}{
        \inOneFixed
    }
    \anchor{in down}{
        \inOneFixed
        \pgf@y=-\pgf@y
    }
    %%% RG stop 
    \savedanchor\inOne{%
        \pgf@y=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/height}\pgf@circ@Rlen
        \pgf@y=.5\pgf@y
        \pgf@y=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/input height}\pgf@y
        \pgf@x=-\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/width}\pgf@circ@Rlen
        \pgf@x=.5\pgf@x
        %%% RG: added the conditional flip
        \ifpgf@circuit@oa@plusup\pgf@y=-\pgf@y\fi
        %%% RG stop 
    }
    \anchor{-}{
        \inOne
    }
    \anchor{+}{
        \inOne
        \pgf@y=-\pgf@y
    }
    \savedanchor\up{%
        \pgf@y=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/height}\pgf@circ@Rlen
        \pgf@y=.5\pgf@y
        \pgf@x=-\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/width}\pgf@circ@Rlen
        \pgf@x=.5\pgf@x
        \pgf@circ@res@up = \pgf@y
        \pgf@circ@res@right = -\pgf@x
        \pgf@circ@res@left = \pgf@x
        \pgfpointlineattime{
            \pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/up pos}}{
            \pgfpoint{
            \pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/port width}\pgf@circ@res@left}
        {\pgf@circ@res@up}}
        {\pgfpoint{.7\pgf@circ@res@right}{0pt}}
    }
    \anchor{up}{
        \up
    }
    \anchor{down}{
        \up
        \pgf@y=-\pgf@y
    }
    \anchor{out}{
        \northwest
        \pgf@y=0pt
        \pgf@x=-\pgf@x
    }
    \anchor{west}{
        \left
    }
    \anchor{east}{
        \left
        \pgf@x=-\pgf@x
    }

    \backgroundpath{
        \pgfsetcolor{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/color}}


        \northwest
        \pgf@circ@res@up = \pgf@y
        \pgf@circ@res@down = -\pgf@y
        \pgf@circ@res@right = -\pgf@x
        \pgf@circ@res@left = \pgf@x

        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint
            {\pgf@circ@res@left}
        {\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/input height}\pgf@circ@res@up}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint
            {\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/port width}\pgf@circ@res@left}
        {\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/input height}\pgf@circ@res@up}}
        %%% RG: added the conditional for printing labels + and -
    \pgftext[left, at=\pgfpoint{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/port width}\pgf@circ@res@left}{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/input height}\pgf@circ@res@up}]{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/font} \ifpgf@circuit@oa@plusup$+$\else$-$\fi}
    %%% RG stop

        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint
            {\pgf@circ@res@left}
        {\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/input height}\pgf@circ@res@down}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint
            {\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/port width}\pgf@circ@res@left}
        {\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/input height}\pgf@circ@res@down}}
        %%% RG: added the conditional for printing labels + and -
    \pgftext[left, at=\pgfpoint{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/port width}\pgf@circ@res@left}{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/input height}\pgf@circ@res@down}]{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/op amp/font} \ifpgf@circuit@oa@plusup$-$\else$+$\fi}
    %%% RG stop

        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{\pgf@circ@res@right}{0pt}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{.7\pgf@circ@res@right}{0pt}}
        \pgfsetrectcap
        \pgfusepath{draw}


        \pgfscope
        \pgfsetlinewidth{\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/circuitikz/tripoles/thickness}\pgflinewidth}
        \pgftransformxshift{.7\pgf@circ@res@left}
        \pgf@circ@res@step=\pgf@circ@res@right
        \advance\pgf@circ@res@step by -\pgf@circ@res@left
        \pgf@circ@res@step=.7\pgf@circ@res@step

        \pgfpathmoveto{\pgfpoint{\pgf@circ@res@step}{0pt}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{\pgf@circ@res@up}}
        \pgfpathlineto{\pgfpoint{0pt}{\pgf@circ@res@down}}
        \pgfpathclose
        \pgfusepath{draw}
        \endpgfscope



    }
}
\makeatother
\def\coord(#1){coordinate(#1)}
\def\coord(#1){node[circle, red, draw, inner sep=1pt,pin={[red, overlay, inner sep=0.5pt, font=\tiny, pin distance=0.1cm, pin edge={red, overlay,}]75:#1}](#1){}}
\def\coordd(#1){node[circle, red, draw, inner sep=1pt,pin={[red, overlay, inner sep=0.5pt, font=\tiny, pin distance=0.1cm, pin edge={red, overlay,}]-145:#1}](#1){}}
\ctikzset{tripoles/mos style/arrows, bipoles/thickness=1, }
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}[ american, ]
    %
    \draw[cyan, dotted] (-2,-2) grid (2,5);
    \node at (0,0) [op amp](OA1){};
    \node at (OA1.up) [vcc]{};
    \node at (OA1.down) [vee]{};
    \foreach \a in {+,-,up,down,out} \path (OA1.\a) \coord(\a);
    \foreach \a in {in up, in down} \path (OA1.\a) \coordd(\a);
    \node at (0,3) [op amp, noinv up](OA2){};
    \node at (OA2.up) [vcc]{};
    \node at (OA2.down) [vee]{};
    \foreach \a in {+,-,up,down,out} \path (OA2.\a) \coord(\a);
    \foreach \a in {in up, in down} \path (OA2.\a) \coordd(\a);
\end{circuitikz}
\end{document}

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