我用来\clip剪切图形中的矩形区域tikzpicture。我希望剪切区域中的线条具有与原始图形中不同的颜色。有没有更简单的方法可以做到这一点？或者这是否可能？
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5]
\clip[draw] (0,0) rectangle (2*1.732,-3);
\def\hexagonpath{ +(30:1) -- +(90:1) -- +(150:1) -- +(210:1) -- +(270:1) -- +(330:1) -- cycle }
\foreach \x in {0,...,3}
\foreach \y in {0,...,3} {
\ifodd\x
\draw (0,0) ++(0,-1/2-3*\x/2) ++(30:1) ++(30:\y * 2) ++(0,-\y) \hexagonpath;
\else
\draw (0,0) ++(0,-3*\x/2) ++(30:\y * 2) ++(0,-\y) \hexagonpath;
\fi
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
这里最简单的事情就是将整个六边形网格包装到一个命令中，然后绘制两次，一次不剪切，然后再次剪切并使用不同的颜色。
原则上，您可以先绘制完整的网格，然后在其上绘制裁剪部分。但是，这可能会导致网格的第一个实例显示出来，特别是当您想用较细的笔触绘制裁剪的网格时。为了避免这种情况，您可以“反向裁剪”路径的第一个实例（请参阅如何在 TikZ 中反转“剪辑”选择？）。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{scopes}
\begin{document}
\tikzstyle{reverseclip}=[insert path={(current page.north east) --
(current page.south east) --
(current page.south west) --
(current page.north west) --
(current page.north east)}
]
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5,remember picture,overlay]
\def\hexagonpath{ +(30:1) -- +(90:1) -- +(150:1) -- +(210:1) -- +(270:1) -- +(330:1) -- cycle }
\def\hexgrid{
\foreach \x in {0,...,3}
\foreach \y in {0,...,3} {
\ifodd\x
\draw (0,0) ++(0,-1/2-3*\x/2) ++(30:1) ++(30:\y * 2) ++(0,-\y) \hexagonpath;
\else
\draw (0,0) ++(0,-3*\x/2) ++(30:\y * 2) ++(0,-\y) \hexagonpath;
\fi
}
}
\begin{scope}
\path[clip] (0,0) rectangle (2*1.732,-3) [reverseclip];
\hexgrid
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}[red]
\draw[clip] (0,0) rectangle (2*1.732,-3);
\hexgrid
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
我有一个非常丑陋的 hack，基本上就是修改现有库。您可以将其保存为附加自定义库，或者如果您不打算在文档中spy使用该库，则保留原样。spy
我所做的很简单。就在 TikZ 准备在间谍窗口中重新绘制原始图片的一部分时，我挤进了一个描边颜色更改命令\pgfsetstrokecolor{}，这样在执行绘制时，TikZ 会假定它已正确重置了选项。我还编写了一个自定义\spy命令，这样你就可以通过 明确地指定线条颜色with line color <color spec>。
如果您更改命令中的颜色，这将不起作用，\draw并且几乎所有其他内容都可能被分解。
我认为可以直接修补它，但我不知道如何立即修补，因为我们需要降低一级才能捕捉到绘图。也许其他人可以，所以我就把它留在这里。
\documentclass[border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\makeatletter
\tikzset{
spy using ugly hack/.style={
spy scope={
every spy on node/.style={draw=none},
every spy in node/.style={draw=none},
#1
}
},
}
\newbox\tikz@lib@spybox
\let\tikz@lib@spy@collection=\pgfutil@empty%
\tikzset{spy scope/.style={
size/.style={minimum size=##1},
height/.style={minimum height=##1},
width/.style={minimum width=##1},
execute at begin scope={%
\let\tikz@lib@spy@save=\tikz@lib@spy@collection%
\setbox\tikz@lib@spybox=\hbox\bgroup%
\let\spy=\tikz@lib@spy@parse
},
execute at end scope={%
\egroup%
{%
\copy\tikz@lib@spybox%
\tikz@lib@spy@collection%
}%
\global\let\tikz@lib@spy@collection=\tikz@lib@spy@save%
},%
tikz@lib@spy@style/.style={#1},
tikz@lib@reset@gs
},
lens/.store in=\tikz@lib@spy@lens,
lens=,
magnification/.style={lens={scale=#1}},
spy connection path/.store in=\tikz@lib@spy@path,
spy connection path=
}
\tikzset{
tikz@lib@reset@gs/.style={black,thin,solid,opaque,line cap=butt,line join=miter}
}
\def\tikz@lib@spy@parse{%
\pgfutil@ifnextchar[{\tikz@lib@spy@parse@opt}{\tikz@lib@spy@parse@opt[]}%]
}
\def\tikz@lib@spy@parse@opt[#1]{
\pgfutil@ifnextchar x{\tikz@lib@spy@parse@opta[#1]}{\tikz@lib@spy@parse@opta[#1]}%]
}
\def\tikz@lib@spy@parse@opta[#1]on#2in node#3 with line color #4;{%
\pgfutil@g@addto@macro\tikz@lib@spy@collection{\tikz@lib@spy@do{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}%
}
\def\tikz@lib@spy@do#1#2#3#4{%
\scope[tikz@lib@spy@style,#1]
\node [alias=tikzspyonnode,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt,every spy on node/.try,
/utils/exec={
{%
\let\tikz@transform=\relax
\pgftransformreset%
\expandafter\tikzset\expandafter{\tikz@lib@spy@lens}
\pgftransforminvert%
\pgfgettransformentries\a\b\c\d\e\f%
\global\let\pgf@lib@svg@a=\a%
\global\let\pgf@lib@svg@b=\b%
\global\let\pgf@lib@svg@c=\c%
\global\let\pgf@lib@svg@d=\d%
}%
\tikz@addtransform{%
\tikz@scan@one@point\pgftransformshift#2%
\pgftransformcm{\pgf@lib@svg@a}{\pgf@lib@svg@b}{\pgf@lib@svg@c}{\pgf@lib@svg@d}{\pgfpointorigin}%
}
}]{};
\node [alias=tikzspyinnode,inner sep=0pt,outer sep=0pt,at={#2},every spy in node/.try,
path picture={\node[anchor=center,tikz@lib@reset@gs]{\nullfont%
\pgftransformreset%
\pgfsetstrokecolor{#4}
\let\tikz@transform=\relax%
\expandafter\tikzset\expandafter{\tikz@lib@spy@lens}%
\pgflowlevelsynccm%
\tikz@scan@one@point\tikz@lib@spy@shift#2%
\pgflowlevelsynccm%
\copy\tikz@lib@spybox};}]#3{};
\tikz@lib@spy@path
\endscope
}
\def\tikz@lib@spy@shift#1{%
\pgf@process{#1}%
\pgf@x=-\pgf@x%
\pgf@y=-\pgf@y%
\pgftransformshift{}%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[spy using ugly hack={magnification=1,size=2cm}]
%\clip[draw] (0,0) rectangle (2*1.732,-3);
\def\hexagonpath{ +(30:1) -- +(90:1) -- +(150:1) -- +(210:1) -- +(270:1) -- +(330:1) -- cycle }
\foreach \x in {0,...,3}
\foreach \y in {0,...,3} {
\ifodd\x
\draw[thick] (0,0) ++(0,-1/2-3*\x/2) ++(30:1) ++(30:\y * 2) ++(0,-\y) \hexagonpath;
\else
\draw[thick] (0,0) ++(0,-3*\x/2) ++(30:\y * 2) ++(0,-\y) \hexagonpath;
\fi
}
\spy on (3.5,-1.5) in node with line color blue;
\spy on (0,-3) in node with line color yellow;
\spy on (6,-4) in node with line color red;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
