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突出显示 tikz 树中的一组节点

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突出显示 tikz 树中的一组节点

为了简单起见，我想突出显示一组 tikz 节点，如下图所示

在此处输入图片描述

它是从JLatex编辑器我想知道我可以使用哪些 Tikz 命令来完成这项工作，以便自动完成我必须制作的几棵树的任务。保持颜色的混合效果（如节点 g）很重要。以下是 MWE，也借用自JLatex编辑器：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,backgrounds,calc,trees}

\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node (f) {f}
    child { node (g) {g}
      child { node (a) {a}
    }
      child { node (b) {b}
    }
  }
    child { node (h) {h}
      child { node (c) {c}
    }
  };
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

答案1

您可以使用杰克的回答到凸包的填充边界和图层：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,backgrounds,calc,trees}

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}


\newcommand{\convexpath}[2]{
[   
    create hullnodes/.code={
        \global\edef\namelist{#1}
        \foreach [count=\counter] \nodename in \namelist {
            \global\edef\numberofnodes{\counter}
            \node at (\nodename) [draw=none,name=hullnode\counter] {};
        }
        \node at (hullnode\numberofnodes) [name=hullnode0,draw=none] {};
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro\lastnumber{\numberofnodes+1}
        \node at (hullnode1) [name=hullnode\lastnumber,draw=none] {};
    },
    create hullnodes
]
($(hullnode1)!#2!-90:(hullnode0)$)
\foreach [
    evaluate=\currentnode as \previousnode using \currentnode-1,
    evaluate=\currentnode as \nextnode using \currentnode+1
    ] \currentnode in {1,...,\numberofnodes} {
  let
    \p1 = ($(hullnode\currentnode)!#2!-90:(hullnode\previousnode)$),
    \p2 = ($(hullnode\currentnode)!#2!90:(hullnode\nextnode)$),
    \p3 = ($(\p1) - (hullnode\currentnode)$),
    \n1 = {atan2(\y3,\x3)},
    \p4 = ($(\p2) - (hullnode\currentnode)$),
    \n2 = {atan2(\y4,\x4)},
    \n{delta} = {-Mod(\n1-\n2,360)}
  in 
    {-- (\p1) arc[start angle=\n1, delta angle=\n{delta}, radius=#2] -- (\p2)}
}
-- cycle
}

\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\node (f) {f}
    child { node (g) {g} 
      child { node (a) {a}
    }
      child { node (b) {b}
    }
  }
    child { node (h) {h}
      child { node (c) {c}
    }
  };
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\fill[red,opacity=0.3] \convexpath{a,g,b}{8pt};
\fill[blue,opacity=0.3] \convexpath{g,f,h,c,h,f}{8pt};
\end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

使用hobby此处的包导致的结果与 OP 发布的图片非常相似：

在此处输入图片描述

我怀疑是否发布这个答案，因为它与给出的答案几乎相同突出显示 TikZ 二叉树的某些节点但它可以被看作是使用hobby包。关键是答案中突出显示 TikZ 二叉树的某些节点使用了几个[tension in]s，但我发现只需添加更多就可以改善结果点沿着曲线。一方面，这会使路径定义变得有点复杂，但我认为从结果来看，这是值得的。

代码：

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{hobby,backgrounds,calc,trees}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node (f) {f}
    child { node (g) {g}
      child { node (a) {a}
    }
      child { node (b) {b}
    }
  }
    child { node (h) {h}
      child { node (c) {c}
    }
  };

  \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
  \draw[blue,fill=blue,opacity=0.2](f.north) to[closed,curve through={($(f.south west)!0.5!(g.north west)$) .. (g.south west) .. (h.south west) .. (c.south west) .. (c.south east) .. ($(c.north east)!0.5!(h.south east)$) .. (h.east).. ($(h.north east)!0.5!(f.south east)$)}](f.north);
  \draw[red,fill=red,opacity=0.2](g.north) to[closed,curve through={($(g.south west)!0.5!(a.north west)$) .. (a.south west) .. (a.south east) ..(b.south west) .. (b.south east) .. ($(b.north east)!0.5!(g.south east)$) }] (g.north);
  \end{pgfonlayer}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

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