插入一条线来分隔正文和边注

Question

如何在整页中插入一条垂直线来分隔文本和边注？

Answer 1

以下代码仅在带有 marginpars 的页面上添加规则。如果它们出现在两侧（使用\reversemarginpar和的混合\normalmarginpar），则规则会在两侧显示。

定制的可能性包括规则本身（颜色、宽度等）通过以及通过\mparrule给出的空间内的位置。\marginparsep\mparrulefactor

\documentclass[twoside]{article}

\usepackage{etoolbox}

% patching the OR of LaTeX:

\makeatletter
\patchcmd{\@outputpage}%
    {\box\@outputbox}%
    {\hbox{%
        \ifmpar@rule@lside
        \hskip-\mparrulefactor\marginparsep\mparrule
        \hskip\mparrulefactor\marginparsep
        \fi
        \box\@outputbox
        \ifmpar@rule@rside
        \hskip\mparrulefactor\marginparsep\mparrule
        \fi}%
      \global\mpar@rule@lsidefalse
      \global\mpar@rule@rsidefalse
    }%
    {\typeout{*** SUCCESS ***}}{\typeout{*** FAIL ***}}
\patchcmd{\@addmarginpar}%
    {\global\setbox\@marbox\box\@currbox}%
    {\global\setbox\@marbox\box\@currbox
     \global\mpar@rule@lsidetrue
     \else
     \global\mpar@rule@rsidetrue
    }%
    {\typeout{*** SUCCESS ***}}{\typeout{*** FAIL ***}}

\newif\ifmpar@rule@lside
\newif\ifmpar@rule@rside
\makeatother

\usepackage{color}

% \mparrule generates the \vrule but should use no space horizontally
% using color is just for fun ...
\newcommand\mparrule{\textcolor{blue}{\hskip-.2pt\vrule\hskip-.2pt}}

% placement factor: .5 places the rule midway in the space made available 
% by \marginparsep
\newcommand\mparrulefactor{.5}

%\setlength\marginparsep{1cm}


\normalmarginpar

\usepackage{lipsum}

\begin{document}

\lipsum[1]\marginpar[where does this go?]{Test with some extra text to make more than one line}

\lipsum[2]

\newpage

\lipsum[1]\marginpar{Test with some extra text to make more than one line}

\newpage

\reversemarginpar % test odd placement .... not enough space in the default case

\lipsum[1]\marginpar[where does this go?]{Test with some extra text to make more than one line}

\normalmarginpar % and one on the other side as well

\lipsum[2]\marginpar[where does this go?]{Test with some extra text to make more than one line}

\newpage % no rule on the next page ...

\lipsum[1]

\lipsum[2]

\end{document}

解释： 我们\@addmarginpar记录边距是添加到左侧还是右侧。一旦将其中一个开关设置为 true，它将一直保持这种状态，直到我们实际排版页面（这样，边距可以放在任一侧或两侧，我们就会得到正确的规则）。我们\@outputpage只需使用开关在左侧和/或右侧添加规则即可\@outputbox。通过将所有内容放入，\hbox规则会自动扩展到框的整个高度。最后，我们将两个开关重置回 false，这样没有边距的页面就不会生成规则。

结果我们得到第一页：

第 3 页则显示了双方的规则：

变体

另外，也可以生成与边缘大小相匹配的线条。大多数以前的代码思路都可以重复使用，只是这次我们在 中完成所有操作\@addmarginpar：

\usepackage{etoolbox}

% patching the OR of LaTeX:

\makeatletter
\patchcmd{\@addmarginpar}%
    {\box \@marbox}%
    {\hbox{%
        \ifmpar@rule@rside
        \hskip-\mparrulefactor\marginparsep\mparrule
        \hskip\mparrulefactor\marginparsep
        \fi
                          \box \@marbox
        \ifmpar@rule@lside
        \hskip\mparrulefactor\marginparsep\mparrule
        \fi}%
     \global\mpar@rule@lsidefalse
     \global\mpar@rule@rsidefalse
    }%
    {\typeout{*** SUCCESS ***}}{\typeout{*** FAIL ***}}

\patchcmd{\@addmarginpar}%
    {\global\setbox\@marbox\box\@currbox}%
    {\global\setbox\@marbox\box\@currbox
     \global\mpar@rule@lsidetrue
     \else
     \global\mpar@rule@rsidetrue
    }%
    {\typeout{*** SUCCESS ***}}{\typeout{*** FAIL ***}}

\newif\ifmpar@rule@lside
\newif\ifmpar@rule@rside
\makeatother

\usepackage{color}

% \marginparrule generates the \vrule but should use no space horizontally
% using color is just for fun ...
\newcommand\mparrule{\textcolor{blue}
    {\hskip-2pt\vrule width 4pt\hskip-2pt}}

% placement factor: .5 places the rule midway in the space made available 
% by \marginparsep
\newcommand\mparrulefactor{.4}

在这种情况下，我们会得到如下输出：

Answer 2

这是一个在所有页面中添加一个栏的解决方案（除非另有说明）。该栏使用 包排版为背景图片，eso-pic并使用 绘制tikz。可能有一种更简单的方法来实现它，但这种方法方便调整长度等。

关于长度，您将看到一个很好的意大利面条式代码示例，表明我不知道 latex 定义的一半长度。代码可以工作，但绝对不是最小的。

\documentclass[a4paper,twoside]{article}

\usepackage{lipsum}

\usepackage{eso-pic}

\usepackage{ifthen}

\usepackage{tikz}


\def\bottommargin{\paperheight - \topmargin - \textheight - \headheight - \headsep - 1in - \voffset}
\def\toptotalheight{\paperheight - \topmargin - \headheight - \headsep - 1in - \voffset}
\def\leftlength{
  \evensidemargin - 0.5*\marginparsep
   + 1in
   + \hoffset
}
\def\rightlength{\paperwidth
  - \evensidemargin + 0.5*\marginparsep
- 1in - \hoffset}

\makeatletter
\newcommand{\nomarginbar}{\let\ESO@HookIIBG\@empty}
\makeatother

\newcommand{\thisisfullsize}{\path (0,0) --  (\paperwidth,\paperheight);}

\newcommand\LeftBar{%
  \put(0,0){%
    \parbox[b][\paperheight]{\paperwidth}{%
      \vfill
      \centering
      \begin{tikzpicture}
        \thisisfullsize
        \draw[line width=1pt] (\leftlength,\bottommargin) -- (\leftlength,\toptotalheight);
      \end{tikzpicture}
      \vfill
  }}}

\newcommand\RightBar{% 
  \put(0,0){%
    \parbox[b][\paperheight]{\paperwidth}{%
      \vfill
      \centering
      \begin{tikzpicture}
        \thisisfullsize
        \draw[line width=1pt] (\rightlength,\bottommargin) -- (\rightlength,\toptotalheight);
      \end{tikzpicture}
      \vfill
  }}}

%%% Use this in two-side documents
\AtBeginShipout{%
  \ifthenelse{\isodd{\value{page}}}%
  {\AddToShipoutPictureBG*{\LeftBar}%
  }%
  {\AddToShipoutPictureBG*{\RightBar}%
  }%
}

% %%% Use this in one-side documents
% \AtBeginShipout{%
%   \AddToShipoutPictureBG*{\RightBar}%
% }

%%% Use this anyway (to take care of the first page of the document)
\AtBeginDocument{%
\AddToShipoutPictureBG*{\RightBar}%
}

\begin{document}

\lipsum[1-6]
\marginpar{\lipsum[1]}

\lipsum[1-6]
\marginpar{\lipsum[1]}
\lipsum[1-6]

\end{document}

如果您希望某些页面没有栏，只需\nomarginbar在该页面的某处插入即可。

结果是twoside：

结果是oneside：

（抱歉截图质量较差，以后我会努力做出更好的）