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带框的长除法

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带框的长除法

我需要为一位患有注意力缺陷多动症的学生制作一张除法工作表。他经常对数字的位置感到困惑，所以这张工作表上的方框必须非常精确地对齐。目前没有可用的印刷工作表可以满足我的需要。我自己尝试过一个带方框的长除法代码，但它没有给我想要的图像。我需要创建一个类似于下面的图像，带有水平线和减号。

在此处输入图片描述

我迄今为止尝试过：

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\begin{document}
\newcommand\divspace{\,}
\[ \arraycolsep=0em
\begin{array}{r@{\divspace}c@{\divspace}lllll}
       &       & \multicolumn{1}{r}{15} &  \\ \cline{2-6}
    15 & \big) & \multicolumn{4}{l}{225}          &  \\
       &       & \fbox{1} \fbox{5}      &   &  &  &  \\ \cline{3-4}
       &       & \fbox{7}\fbox{5}       &   &  &  \\
       &       & \fbox{7}\fbox{5}       &   &  &  \\ \cline{3-5}
       &       &                        & 0 &  &  \\
\end{array}
\]
\end{document}

答案1

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{color}

\newsavebox\wbox
\savebox\wbox{\kern2pt{\color{white}\rule{.5cm}{.5cm}}\kern2pt}

\begin{document}

\colorbox[rgb]{0,0,.3}{\parbox{5cm}{%
\baselineskip0pt
\lineskip4pt
\def\n#1{\b\raisebox{3pt}{\llap{\large#1\kern7pt}}}
\def\b{\usebox\wbox}
\def\,{\kern4pt}
\def\_{\mbox{}\kern4pt\kern.5cm}
\def\r#1{\par\kern3pt\mbox{}\_\kern1pt{%
   \color{white}\smash{\vrule height1pt width 1pt depth \dimexpr 1cm+7pt\relax}%
                \vrule height1pt depth0pt width\dimexpr .5cm*#1+4pt*#1+4pt\relax}\par\kern1pt}
\_\,\b\b\b\b\,\b\\
\r4
\n5\,\n3\n3\n8\n8\\
\_\,\b\\
\_\,\b\b\\
\_\,\b\b\\
\_\,\_\b\b\\
\_\,\_\b\b\\
\_\,\_\_\b\b\\
\_\,\_\_\b\b\\
\_\,\_\_\_\b
}}

\end{document}

答案2

半自动化 TikZ 解决方案。

样式是根据按键divisor length和设置的dividend length。但实际输入仍由用户提供。

重要的是，应获得指定样式的单元格必须具有文本（可以是空格，例如\␣或~）。

额外的行和列分隔也是如此。\\不应输入 TikZ 矩阵的最后一个结束行命令。longdivision环境会自动执行此操作。

界面

可以通过以下方式修改该行：

\ldset{every line/.tyle={<style options for the line>}}
% or
\ldset{every line/.append style={<options to add to the existing line>}}

可以通过 删除该行\ldset{every line/.style={}}。

所有框均可通过 键进行修改boxes。不同类型框的样式可通过divisors、dividends、results、rests键进行设置others。

代码

\documentclass[tikz,border=5pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,calc}
\newcommand*{\ldset}[1]{\pgfkeys{/ld/.cd,#1}}
\ldset{
    every long division/.style={
        fill=teal,
        column sep=.5em,
        row sep=.5em,
    },
    every box/.style={
        shape=rectangle,
        draw=none,
        fill=white,
        text width=1.3em,
        align=center,
        text height=0.95em,
        text depth=0.35em,
        rounded corners,
        execute at begin node=,%
        execute at end node=,
        name=\tikzmatrixname-\the\pgfmatrixcurrentrow-\the\pgfmatrixcurrentcolumn%
    },
    every divisor/.style={
        /ld/every box,
        fill=red!50,
    },
    every dividend/.style={
        /ld/every box,
        fill=yellow!30,
    },
    every result/.style={
        /ld/every box,
        fill=gray!20,
    },
    every rest/.style={
        /ld/every box,
        fill=teal!20,
    },
    every other/.style={
        /ld/every box,
    },
    boxes/.style={/ld/every box/.append style={#1}},
    divisors/.style={/ld/every divisor/.append style={#1}},
    dividends/.style={/ld/every dividend/.append style={#1}},
    results/.style={/ld/every result/.append style={#1}},
    rests/.style={/ld/every rest/.append style={#1}},
    others/.style={/ld/every other/.append style={#1}},
    divisor length/.code={%
        \def\qrrLDdivisorLength{#1}%
        \def\qrrLDrestLength{#1}%
    },
    dividend length/.code={%
        \def\qrrLDdividendLength{#1}%
        \def\qrrLDresultLength{#1}%
    },
    result length/.estore in=\qrrLDresultLength,
    rest length/.estore in=\qrrLDrestLength,
    every line/.style={
        draw=black,
        rounded corners=2pt,
        thick,
        line cap=round,
    }
}
\tikzset{
    execute style/.style={#1},
    invisible text/.style={text opacity=0},
}
\newenvironment{longdivision}[2][]{%
    \ldset{#2}%
    \def\QrrLDdivisorStyle{}%
    \foreach \i in {1,...,\qrrLDdivisorLength}{%
        \xdef\QrrLDdivisorStyle{\QrrLDdivisorStyle, row 2 column \i/.style={every node/.style={/ld/every divisor}}}%
    }%
    \pgfmathtruncatemacro\QrrLDfirstRestColumn{\qrrLDdivisorLength+\qrrLDresultLength+1}%
    \edef\QrrLDrestStyle{}%
        \foreach \i in {\QrrLDfirstRestColumn,...,\numexpr\QrrLDfirstRestColumn+\qrrLDrestLength\relax}{%
            \xdef\QrrLDrestStyle{\QrrLDrestStyle, row 1 column \i/.style={every node/.style={/ld/every rest}}}%
        }%
    \tikzpicture[#1]
        \matrix[
            name=m,
            /ld/every long division,
            every node/.style={/ld/every other},
            row 1/.style={every node/.style={/ld/every result}},
            row 2/.style={every node/.style={/ld/every dividend}},
            execute style/.expand once={\QrrLDdivisorStyle},
            execute style/.expand once={\QrrLDrestStyle},
            matrix of nodes,
        ] \bgroup
}{
        \pgfmatrixendrow\egroup;
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro\QrrLDbeforeFirstRestColumn{\QrrLDfirstRestColumn-1}
        \pgfmathtruncatemacro\QrrLDafterLastDivisorColumn{\qrrLDdivisorLength+1}
        \path[/ld/every line] ($(m-1-\QrrLDfirstRestColumn.south west)!.5!(m-2-\QrrLDbeforeFirstRestColumn.north east)$) -|
                              ($(m-2-\qrrLDdivisorLength.south east)!  .5!(m-3-\QrrLDafterLastDivisorColumn.north west)$);
    \endtikzpicture%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{longdivision}{
    divisor length=1,
    dividend length=4,
    others={invisible text},
    results={invisible text},
    rests={invisible text},
}
   &[1em] 0 & 6 & 7 & 7 &[1em] 3\\[1em]
 5 &      3 & 3 & 8 & 8 & \\
   &      0 \\
   &      3 & 3 \\
   &      3 & 0 \\
   &        & 3 & 8 \\
   &        & 3 & 5 \\
   &        &   & 3 & 8 \\
   &        &   & 3 & 5 \\
   &        &   &   & 3
\end{longdivision}

\begin{longdivision}{
    divisor length=1,
    dividend length=4,
}
   &[1em] 0 & 6 & 7 & 7 &[1em] 3\\[1em]
 5 &      3 & 3 & 8 & 8 & \\
   &      0 \\
   &      3 & 3 \\
   &      3 & 0 \\
   &        & 3 & 8 \\
   &        & 3 & 5 \\
   &        &   & 3 & 8 \\
   &        &   & 3 & 5 \\
   &        &   &   & 3
\end{longdivision}
\end{document}

输出

在此处输入图片描述 在此处输入图片描述

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