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如何绘制模块化文件的 Tikz 图表？

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf
如何绘制模块化文件的 Tikz 图表？

我想画一张展示模块化 C++ 程序的小图表。我不知道从哪里开始。

+-------------\  **    +------------\        + compiled src --+
| module.hpp  |\   **  | main.cpp   |\       |                |
+-------------+-+    **+------------+-+      | void func()    |
|               |      | #include "...|  ==> | int main() {   |
| void func();  |    **| int main() { |      |   ...          |
|               |  **  |   ...        |      |                |
+---------------+**    +--------------+      +----------------+

应该module.hpp在视觉上“进入”#include中的-line main.cpp，所以我考虑将我画的线连接起来作为**-line。

我会用更好的文本替换框中的文本，并且可能在右侧为应用的编译器添加另一个框。

我想不出这里应该有什么节点。

答案1

顺便说一下，我找到了一个令人满意的解决方案。我稍微修改了一下我想要显示“包含”的方式，对此我非常满意。如果有人想尝试同样的做法，我只是想让你知道。

模块

%%\usetikzlibrary{backgrounds,positioning}
%%\usetikzlibrary{decorations.pathreplacing}
%%\usetikzlibrary{shapes}
%%\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart}
%%\usetikzlibrary{arrows}

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfdeclarelayer{back}
\pgfsetlayers{background,back,main}

\resizebox {\columnwidth} {!} {    % (2) scale to exact column width
\begin{tikzpicture}[
      background rectangle/.style={fill=black!10}, show background rectangle,
]

\tikzstyle{mybox} = [draw, fill=black!0, very thick,
    rectangle, inner sep=8pt, inner ysep=16pt]
\tikzstyle{fancytitle} =[fill=black!0, draw, very thick, text=black!100, rectangle, inner xsep=6pt,yshift=7.2pt,right=0pt]
\tikzstyle{modul} =[text=black!100, rectangle, inner sep=6pt]
\tikzstyle{cpp} =[fill=black!0, draw=black!30, thick]
\tikzstyle{hpp} =[fill=black!0, draw, thick]


  \node at (0,0) (main) [modul,cpp] {%
    \begin{minipage}{0.30\textwidth}
      \#include "teil1.hpp" \\ 
      \#include "teil2.hpp" \\ 
      \#include "const.hpp" \\ 
      int main() \{ ... \} 
    \end{minipage}%
  };
  \node[fancytitle,cpp] at (main.north west) {main.cpp};

  \node [below=of main.south east,xshift=-4ex] (teil1hpp) [modul,hpp] {%
    \begin{minipage}{0.30\textwidth}
      int func1(); \\
      static const int M=10;
    \end{minipage}%
  };
  \node[fancytitle,hpp] at (teil1hpp.north west) (a1) {teil1.hpp};

  \node [right=of teil1hpp.north east, anchor=north west] (teil1cpp) [modul,cpp] {%
    \begin{minipage}{0.30\textwidth}
      \#include "teil1.hpp" \\ 
      \#include "{}util.hpp" \\ 
      int func1() \{ ... \};
    \end{minipage}%
  };
  \node[fancytitle,cpp] at (teil1cpp.north west){teil1.cpp};


  \node [below=of teil1hpp,yshift=-12pt] (teil2hpp) [modul,hpp] {%
    \begin{minipage}{0.30\textwidth}
      \#include "{}util.hpp" \\ 
      \#include "const.hpp" \\ 
      int func2(); \\
          int data[Z];
    \end{minipage}%
  };
  \node[fancytitle,hpp] at (teil2hpp.north west) {teil2.hpp};

  \node [right=of teil2hpp.north east, anchor=north west] (teil2cpp) [modul,cpp] {%
    \begin{minipage}{0.30\textwidth}
      \#include "teil2.hpp" \\ 
      int func2() \{ ... \}; \\
          int data[Z] = \{\};
    \end{minipage}%
  };
  \node[fancytitle,cpp] at (teil2cpp.north west) {teil2.cpp};


  \node [below=of teil2hpp] (utilhpp) [modul,hpp] {%
    \begin{minipage}{0.30\textwidth}
      int calcLen();
    \end{minipage}%
  };
  \node[fancytitle,hpp] at (utilhpp.north west) (a2) {util.hpp};

  \node [right=of utilhpp.north east, anchor=north west] (utilcpp) [modul,cpp] {%
    \begin{minipage}{0.30\textwidth}
      \#include "{}util.hpp" \\ 
      \#include "const.hpp" \\ 
      int calcLen() \{ ... \};
    \end{minipage}%
  };
  \node[fancytitle,cpp] at (utilcpp.north west) {util.cpp};

  \node [right=of utilcpp.north east, anchor=north west] (consthpp) [modul,hpp] {%
    \begin{minipage}{0.30\textwidth}
      static const int X=1; \\
      static const int Y=2; \\
      static const int Z=3;
    \end{minipage}%
  };
  \node[fancytitle,hpp] at (consthpp.north west) {const.hpp};

\begin{pgfonlayer}{back}

 \path (main.south west) -- (a1.north west) node[midway] (aa) {};
 \path (main.south west)[xshift=-3ex] |- (aa) node[midway] (aaa) {};
   \draw[ultra thick,draw=black!20] (aaa) -- ([xshift=3ex]aaa -| consthpp.north east);

 \path (teil2hpp.south west) -- (a2.north west) node[midway] (bb) {};
   \draw[ultra thick,draw=black!20] (aaa |- bb) -- ([xshift=3ex]bb -| consthpp.north east);

\begin{scope}[->,thick,black!50]
 \draw[arrows={-triangle 45}]   (main.south west) |- (teil1hpp.west);
 \draw[arrows={-triangle 45}]   (main.south west) |- (teil2hpp)  ;
 \draw[arrows={-triangle 45}]   (main.east) -| ([xshift=1cm]consthpp.north);
 \draw[arrows={-triangle 45}]   (teil1cpp.south west)  -- (utilhpp.north east);
 \draw[arrows={-triangle 45}]   ([yshift=1.1cm]teil2cpp.west)  -- (teil1hpp);
 \draw[arrows={-triangle 45}]   (teil2hpp) edge [out=-20] (consthpp.north west); 
 \draw[arrows={-triangle 45}]   (utilcpp) -- (consthpp);
\end{scope}

\begin{scope}
 \draw[thick,dashed,black!50]   (teil1cpp.north west) -- (teil1hpp.north east);
 \draw[thick,dashed,black!50]   (teil2cpp.north west) -- (teil2hpp.north east);
 \draw[thick,dashed,black!50]   (utilcpp.north west) -- (utilhpp.north east);
\end{scope}
\end{pgfonlayer}



\end{tikzpicture}%
}

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