页面中图片/框的最佳排列

Question

我使用的是使文本适合 Latex 中的特定空间探索这个问题的各个方面。我没有重新排列任何项目，但假设我有一串 N 幅图像，要求我将它们塞入特定大小的矩形中。

我将每张图片都视为文本，并允许换行来创建行。到目前为止，我已经尝试了三个版本。

1) 原始版本，相对图形大小保持不变

2）使所有图形高度相同

3）手动调整缩放比例，非正式地避免图形高度和宽度的巨大差异，并且不要让最后一行大部分不完整。

我在图像周围画了一个框，以帮助我们判断框是否已满。修订版使用\raggedright并\hfill成功避免超出边距。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{scalerel}
\usepackage{fp}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\newcount\boxheight
\newcount\boxwidth
\newlength\constrainedwidth
\newsavebox\testbox
\newlength\currentwidth

\newcommand\aspect[1]{%
  \boxheight=\ht#1\relax%
  \boxwidth=\wd#1\relax%
  \FPdiv\testaspect{\the\boxheight}{\the\boxwidth}%
%\testaspect\\%                  COMMENT THIS LINE TO REMOVE ASPECT-RATIO PRINTS
}
% TARGET-HEIGHT, TARGET-WIDTH, CONTENT, GUESS>NATURAL-WIDTH, dWIDTH
\newcommand\constraintext[5]{%
  \def\svfboxsep{\the\fboxsep}%
  \setlength\fboxsep{0pt}%
  \setlength\constrainedwidth{#2}%
  \sbox\testbox{\rule{#2}{#1}}%
%TARGET ASPECT RATIO\\%          COMMENT THIS LINE TO REMOVE COMMENT
%V\\%                            COMMENT THIS LINE TO REMOVE COMMENT
  \aspect{\testbox}%
  \edef\aspectratio{\testaspect}%
  \constrainsize{#1}{\aspectratio}{#3}{#4}{#5}%
  \setlength\fboxsep{\svfboxsep}%
}
\newcommand\constrainsize[5]{%
  \sbox{\testbox}{\fbox{\begin{minipage}[b]{#4}{#3}\end{minipage}}}%
  \aspect{\testbox}%
  \FPiflt{\testaspect}{#2}%
    \setlength{\currentwidth}{#4}%
    \addtolength{\currentwidth}{-#5}%
    \constrainsize{#1}{#2}{#3}{\currentwidth}{#5}%
  \else
    \setlength\constrainedwidth{#1}%
    \FPdiv\result{1.0}{#2}%
%RESET ANY OTHER COUNTERS, TO AVOID ITERATION CREEP
   \setcounter{section}{0}%
   \setcounter{figure}{0}%
%                               CHANGE \framebox TO \makebox TO REMOVE FRAME
    \framebox[\result\constrainedwidth]{\hfill%
      \scaleto{\begin{minipage}[b]{\currentwidth}\raggedright #3\end{minipage}}{#1}%
      \hfill%
    }%
  \fi%
}

\newsavebox\Ab
\newsavebox\Bb
\newsavebox\Cb
\newsavebox\Db
\newsavebox\Eb
\newsavebox\Fb

\def\A{\usebox{\Ab}\hfill}
\def\B{\usebox{\Bb}\hfill}
\def\C{\usebox{\Cb}\hfill}
\def\D{\usebox{\Db}\hfill}
\def\E{\usebox{\Eb}\hfill}
\def\F{\usebox{\Fb}\hfill}

\def\AA{\textcolor{green}{\rule{3in}{2in}}}
\def\BB{\textcolor{red}{\rule{2in}{1in}}}
\def\CC{\textcolor{cyan!50}{\rule{1.75in}{2in}}}
\def\DD{\textcolor{blue!40}{\rule{1.5in}{2in}}}
\def\EE{\textcolor{blue}{\rule{2.25in}{2.25in}}}
\def\FF{\textcolor{red!20}{\rule{2.5in}{1.5in}}}

\def\testcase{%
  \centering\constraintext{.999\textheight}{.999\textwidth}{%
  \A\B\C\F\D\E%
  \B\C\A\E\D\F%
  \D\B\F\C\A\E%
  \E\F\D\C\A\B%
  \F\C\B\D\E\A%
  }{3\textheight}{1ex}%May have to increase next-to-last argument if divide by 0
  \clearpage
}
\begin{document}
\fancyhead[c]{Method 1: All images remain the same relative size}
\savebox{\Ab}{\AA}
\savebox{\Bb}{\BB}
\savebox{\Cb}{\CC}
\savebox{\Db}{\DD}
\savebox{\Eb}{\EE}
\savebox{\Fb}{\FF}
\testcase

\fancyhead[c]{Method 2: All images scaled to the same height}
\savebox{\Ab}{\AA}
\savebox{\Bb}{\scalerel*{\BB}{\AA}}
\savebox{\Cb}{\scalerel*{\CC}{\AA}}
\savebox{\Db}{\scalerel*{\DD}{\AA}}
\savebox{\Eb}{\scalerel*{\EE}{\AA}}
\savebox{\Fb}{\scalerel*{\FF}{\AA}}
\testcase

\fancyhead[c]{Method 3: Manually Scale images}
\savebox{\Ab}{\scalebox{.98}{\AA}}
\savebox{\Bb}{\scalebox{1.8}{\BB}}
\savebox{\Cb}{\scalebox{1.0}{\CC}}
\savebox{\Db}{\scalebox{1.0}{\DD}}
\savebox{\Eb}{\scalebox{.95}{\EE}}
\savebox{\Fb}{\scalebox{1.05}{\FF}}
\testcase
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

编辑：要回答 OP 关于图形垂直居中的问题，可以通过将图像定义为以基线为中心来实现。在的情况下\includegraphics，需要减去图像高度的 1/2。在我的 MWE 的情况下，可以使用可选参数获得 s\raisebox的下移。\rule

\def\AA{\textcolor{green}{\rule[-1in]{3in}{2in}}}
\def\BB{\textcolor{red}{\rule[-.5in]{2in}{1in}}}
\def\CC{\textcolor{cyan!50}{\rule[-1in]{1.75in}{2in}}}
\def\DD{\textcolor{blue!40}{\rule[-1in]{1.5in}{2in}}}
\def\EE{\textcolor{blue}{\rule[-1.125in]{2.25in}{2.25in}}}
\def\FF{\textcolor{red!20}{\rule[-.75in]{2.5in}{1.5in}}}

Answer 1