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绘制一维数组的更简单或更好的方法

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绘制一维数组的更简单或更好的方法

我正在尝试重现下图，并想知道是否有更简单的方法。在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\def\leftbracket{[}
\def\rightbracket{]}

\tikzset{my arrow/.style={
  blue!60!black,
  -latex
  }
}
\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [matrix of nodes,column sep=5.6mm, nodes in empty cells
] (P)
{
& t0 & t1 & t2 & t3 & t4 & t5 \\
};
\end{tikzpicture}


\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [matrix of nodes,row sep=,row sep=0mm,
column 2/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 3/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 4/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 5/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 6/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 7/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}}
] (O)
{
v1 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
};


\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [matrix of nodes,column sep=5.6mm, nodes in empty cells
] (P)
{
& + & + & + & + & + & +\\
};
\end{tikzpicture}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [matrix of nodes,row sep=,row sep=8mm,
column 2/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 3/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 4/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 5/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 6/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
column 7/.style={nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}}
] (O)
{
v2 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
v1 & 0 & 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 10\\
};

\draw[my arrow] (O-1-2) to (O-2-2);
\draw[my arrow] (O-1-3) to (O-2-3);
\draw[my arrow] (O-1-4) to (O-2-4);
\draw[my arrow] (O-1-5) to (O-2-5);
\draw[my arrow] (O-1-6) to (O-2-6);
\draw[my arrow] (O-1-7) to (O-2-7);

\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

答案1

像这样吗？

\documentclass[tikz, border=5mm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
 \begin{tikzpicture}
  \foreach \x in {0,...,5} {
   \node at (\x, 0) {t\x};
   \node at (\x, -1.5) {+};
   \foreach \y\lbl in {1/1,2/2,3/1} {
    \node [left] at (-1,-\y) {v\lbl};
    \ifnum\y=3
     \pgfmathtruncatemacro{\result}{2*\x}
     \node (n\x\y) [draw, minimum width=1cm] at (\x, -\y) {\result};
     \draw [->] (n\x2) -- (n\x\y);
    \else
     \node (n\x\y) [draw, minimum width=1cm] at (\x, -\y) {\x};
    \fi
   }
  }
 \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

渲染图像： 在此处输入图片描述

答案2

这是一种使用堆栈而不是的方法tikz。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{stackengine}
\def\mbx#1{\fbox{\makebox[1.5cm]{#1}}}
\def\xdownarrow{\raisebox{-1.9ex}{%
  \stackengine{0pt}{$\downarrow$}{\rule{.5pt}{4ex}\kern.1pt}{O}{c}{F}{F}{S}}}
\def\boxcol#1#2{\Longstack{%
  t#1\\\mbx{#1}\\$+$\\\mbx{#1}\\\xdownarrow\\\mbx{#2}}\kern-\fboxrule}
\setstackEOL{\\}
\renewcommand\stacktype{L}
\setstackgap{L}{2em}
\begin{document}
\Longstack{\\v1\\\\v2\\\\v1}
\boxcol{0}{0}%
\boxcol{1}{2}%
\boxcol{2}{4}%
\boxcol{3}{6}%
\boxcol{4}{8}%
\boxcol{5}{10}%
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案3

如果您想坚持使用矩阵解决方案，您可以为列和行编写一个通用设置器。手册中给出了每个单元格样式键的执行顺序，因此您可以设置列属性，然后在行设置中撤消不需要的属性（至少在本例中）。

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}

\tikzset{my arrow/.style={blue!60!black,-latex},
  set@com@col/.style={},set@com@col@aryarg/.style={column #1/.style={set@com@col}},
  set@com@row/.style={},set@com@row@aryarg/.style={row #1/.style={set@com@row}},
  set common column/.style 2 args={set@com@col/.style={#2}, set@com@col@aryarg/.list={#1}},
  set common row/.style 2 args={set@com@row/.style={#2}, set@com@row@aryarg/.list={#1}},
}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix [matrix of nodes,row sep=0mm,
set common column={2,...,7}{nodes={rectangle,draw,minimum width=3em}},
set common row={1,3}{nodes={draw=none}},
] (O)
{
& t0 & t1 & t2 & t3 & t4 & t5 \\
v1 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\
& + & + & + & + & + & +\\
v2 & 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5\\[8mm]
v1 & 0 & 2 & 4 & 6 & 8 & 10\\
};

\foreach\x in{2,...,7}{\draw[my arrow] (O-4-\x) to (O-5-\x);}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案4

您可以使用\foreach循环来放置图片的各个列：

带环

但是，如果各个框的高度不同，这种方法就会失效。在这种情况下，你可以使用\matrix[matrix of nodes]并手动输入内容：

使用矩阵

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}

\tikzset{mybox/.style={draw, minimum width=1cm}}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\foreach \i in {0,...,5} {
    \node at (\i,0) (t\i) {t\i};
    \node[mybox, below=0.3cm of t\i.center] (top\i) {\i};
    \node[mybox, below=1cm of top\i.center] (mid\i) {\i};
    \node[mybox, below=1cm of mid\i.center] (bot\i) {\pgfmathparse{int(2*\i)}\pgfmathresult}
        edge[<-] (mid\i);
    \node at ($(top\i)!0.5!(mid\i)$) (plus\i) {+};
}
\path (top0)[late options={label=left:v1}]
    (mid0)[late options={label=left:v2}]
    (bot0)[late options={label=left:v1}];
\end{tikzpicture}

\noindent
\begin{tikzpicture}
\matrix (matrix) [
    matrix of nodes,
    row sep={0.8cm,between origins}, column sep=-\pgflinewidth,
    row 2/.style={every node/.append style={mybox}},
    row 4/.style={every node/.append style={mybox}},
    row 5/.style={every node/.append style={mybox}},
]{
                    & t0 & t1 & t2 & t3 & t4 & t5\\
    |[draw=none]|v1 & 0  & 1  & 2  & 3  & 4  & 5 \\
                    & +  & +  & +  & +  & +  & + \\
    |[draw=none]|v2 & 0  & 1  & 2  & 3  & 4  & 5 \\[0.8cm]
    |[draw=none]|v1 & 0  & 2  & 4  & 6  & 8  & 10\\
};
\foreach \i in {2,...,7} {
    \draw[->] (matrix-4-\i) -- (matrix-5-\i); 
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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