我的 MWE:
\documentclass[]{report}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{align}
\dot{V} =&\, \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,1}}\sigma_{2,1} \dot{\sigma}_{2,1} + \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,2}}\sigma_{2,2} \dot{\sigma}_{2,2} + \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,3}}\sigma_{2,3} \dot{\sigma}_{2,3} \notag \\
=& - \left [\sigma_{2,1}^2 \sin^2(x_1) + \sigma_{2,2}^2 x_2^2 + \sigma_{2,3}^2 u^2 + 2\sigma_{2,1}\sigma_{2,2}\sin(x_1)x_2 + 2 \sigma_{2,1}\sigma_{2,3}\sin(x_1)u \right. \notag \\
& \left. + 2 \sigma_{2,2}\sigma_{2,3}x_2 u \vphantom{\sigma_{2,1}^2} \right ] \notag \\
\end{align}
\end{document}
结果:
我想要的是:
答案1
使用& \phantom{{}= - \bigl[}
。此外,您应该使用&=
而不是=&
。此外,使用\bigl[
和\bigr]
而不是\left[
和right]
。这不需要像 那样保持平衡\left.
。此外,\\
最后一行中的 不应使用。在最后一行,使用{}+{}
以使周围的间距+
正确。
\documentclass[]{report}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{align}
\dot{V} &= \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,1}}\sigma_{2,1} \dot{σ}_{2,1} + \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,2}}\sigma_{2,2} \dot{σ}_{2,2} + \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,3}}\sigma_{2,3} \dot{σ}_{2,3} \notag \\
&= {}-{} \bigl[\sigma_{2,1}^2 \sin^2(x_1) + \sigma_{2,2}^2 x_2^2 + \sigma_{2,3}^2 u^2 + 2\sigma_{2,1}\sigma_{2,2}\sin(x_1)x_2 + 2 \sigma_{2,1}\sigma_{2,3}\sin(x_1)u \notag \\
& \phantom{{}= - \bigl[} {}+{} 2 \sigma_{2,2}\sigma_{2,3}x_2 u \vphantom{\sigma_{2,1}^2} \bigr] \notag %% no \\ here
\end{align}
\end{document}
这是 egreg 推荐的另一个版本,其第二行较短。
\documentclass[]{report}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{align}
\dot{V} &= \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,1}}\sigma_{2,1} \dot{σ}_{2,1} + \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,2}}\sigma_{2,2} \dot{σ}_{2,2} + \frac{1}{\gamma_{2,3}}\sigma_{2,3} \dot{σ}_{2,3} \notag \\
&= {}-{} \bigl[\sigma_{2,1}^2 \sin^2(x_1) + \sigma_{2,2}^2 x_2^2 + \sigma_{2,3}^2 u^2 + 2\sigma_{2,1}\sigma_{2,2}\sin(x_1)x_2 \notag \\
& \phantom{{}= - \bigl[} {}+{} 2 \sigma_{2,1}\sigma_{2,3}\sin(x_1)u + 2 \sigma_{2,2}\sigma_{2,3}x_2 u \vphantom{\sigma_{2,1}^2} \bigr] \notag %% no \\ here
\end{align}
\end{document}