表格标题移至左侧

Question 1

\textwidth您可以通过选择环境来设置表格的宽度tabularx。唯一的技巧是，虽然应该将中间四列的主体指定为具有列类型S（来自siunitx包，以便数字在小数列上对齐），但应将列标题指定为具有（修改形式的）列类型X（由包提供tabularx）；这允许将长标题行轻松分成两部分，同时让 LaTeX 为您计算出列宽。

booktabs我还建议您 (a) 使用包 -- \toprule、\midrule和--的规则绘制宏\bottomrule来获得间距适当的水平线以及 (b)...用替换省略号 $\cdots$ 。

使用此设置，可以指定\footnotesize 或者使用\resizebox宏使表格适合文本块内是不必要的。换句话说，可以在不改变字体大小的情况下排版表格。从排版的角度来看，保持文档主要元素的字体大小一致通常被认为是可取的。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}
\usepackage{booktabs} % \toprule, \midrule, and \bottomrule macros
\usepackage{siunitx}  % for "S" column type
\usepackage{tabularx} % for "tabularx" environment
\usepackage[justification=justified, singlelinecheck=false]{caption}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\arraybackslash\centering}X}
\newcommand\MC[1]{\multicolumn{1}{C}{#1}}  % handy shortcut macro

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[!ht]
\sisetup{table-format=2.6, group-digits=false}

\caption{Constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the $\Lambda$CDM model. 
    The first column represents the results from adding different cosmological probes.}

\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} l *{4}{S}  l @{}}
\toprule
Parameter & \MC{P$+$WP} & \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL} & \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL $+$L} & \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL $+$L$+$BAO} & Summary \\
\midrule
$\Omega_bh^2$ & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon\\ 
$\Omega_ch^2$& 0.12038 & 0.12025 & 0.11847 & 0.11889 & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$& 0.14305 &  {$\cdots$}  &  {$\cdots$}  &  {$\cdots$}  & Total matter \\ 
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$ & 0.6817 & 0.6830 & 0.6939 & 0.6914 & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$[eV]&0.002& {$\cdots$} &0.000& {$\cdots$} &Neutrino\\
$H_0$& 67.04&67.15&67.94&67.77&Expansion rate \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx} 
\end{table}
\end{document}

附录：我从您的评论中了解到，您可能有一个非常旧的 TeX 发行版，它不包含该siunitx包，因此不知道该包的S列类型。我发布了第二个解决方案，它以该dcolumn包及其d列类型为特色，以实现数字的十进制对齐。由于该dcolumn包已经存在了 20 年左右，我希望您的 TeX 发行版做包括这个包。（如果你觉得下面的截图看起来确切地和上面的一样，确实正确。）

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}
\usepackage{booktabs} % \toprule, \midrule, and \bottomrule macros
\usepackage{dcolumn}  % decimal alignment of numbers
\newcolumntype{d}[1]{D{.}{.}{#1}}
\usepackage{tabularx} % for "tabularx" environment
\usepackage[justification=justified, singlelinecheck=false]{caption}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\arraybackslash\centering}X}
\newcommand\MC[1]{\multicolumn{1}{C}{#1}}  % handy shortcut macro

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[!ht]

\caption{Constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the $\Lambda$CDM model. 
    The first column represents the results from adding different cosmological probes.}

\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} l *{4}{d{2.6}}  l @{}}
\toprule
Parameter 
& \MC{P$+$WP} 
& \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL} 
& \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL $+$L} 
& \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL $+$L$+$BAO} 
& Summary \\
\midrule
$\Omega_bh^2$ & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon\\ 
$\Omega_ch^2$& 0.12038 & 0.12025 & 0.11847 & 0.11889 & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$& 0.14305 &  \MC{$\cdots$}  &  \MC{$\cdots$}  &  \MC{$\cdots$}  & Total matter \\ 
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$ & 0.6817 & 0.6830 & 0.6939 & 0.6914 & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$[eV]&0.002& \MC{$\cdots$} &0.000& \MC{$\cdots$} &Neutrino\\
$H_0$& 67.04&67.15&67.94&67.77&Expansion rate \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx} 
\end{table}
\end{document}

Answer

\textwidth您可以通过选择环境来设置表格的宽度tabularx。唯一的技巧是，虽然应该将中间四列的主体指定为具有列类型S（来自siunitx包，以便数字在小数列上对齐），但应将列标题指定为具有（修改形式的）列类型X（由包提供tabularx）；这允许将长标题行轻松分成两部分，同时让 LaTeX 为您计算出列宽。

booktabs我还建议您 (a) 使用包 -- \toprule、\midrule和--的规则绘制宏\bottomrule来获得间距适当的水平线以及 (b)...用替换省略号 $\cdots$ 。

使用此设置，可以指定\footnotesize 或者使用\resizebox宏使表格适合文本块内是不必要的。换句话说，可以在不改变字体大小的情况下排版表格。从排版的角度来看，保持文档主要元素的字体大小一致通常被认为是可取的。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}
\usepackage{booktabs} % \toprule, \midrule, and \bottomrule macros
\usepackage{siunitx}  % for "S" column type
\usepackage{tabularx} % for "tabularx" environment
\usepackage[justification=justified, singlelinecheck=false]{caption}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\arraybackslash\centering}X}
\newcommand\MC[1]{\multicolumn{1}{C}{#1}}  % handy shortcut macro

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[!ht]
\sisetup{table-format=2.6, group-digits=false}

\caption{Constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the $\Lambda$CDM model. 
    The first column represents the results from adding different cosmological probes.}

\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} l *{4}{S}  l @{}}
\toprule
Parameter & \MC{P$+$WP} & \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL} & \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL $+$L} & \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL $+$L$+$BAO} & Summary \\
\midrule
$\Omega_bh^2$ & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon\\ 
$\Omega_ch^2$& 0.12038 & 0.12025 & 0.11847 & 0.11889 & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$& 0.14305 &  {$\cdots$}  &  {$\cdots$}  &  {$\cdots$}  & Total matter \\ 
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$ & 0.6817 & 0.6830 & 0.6939 & 0.6914 & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$[eV]&0.002& {$\cdots$} &0.000& {$\cdots$} &Neutrino\\
$H_0$& 67.04&67.15&67.94&67.77&Expansion rate \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx} 
\end{table}
\end{document}

附录：我从您的评论中了解到，您可能有一个非常旧的 TeX 发行版，它不包含该siunitx包，因此不知道该包的S列类型。我发布了第二个解决方案，它以该dcolumn包及其d列类型为特色，以实现数字的十进制对齐。由于该dcolumn包已经存在了 20 年左右，我希望您的 TeX 发行版做包括这个包。（如果你觉得下面的截图看起来确切地和上面的一样，确实正确。）

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}
\usepackage{booktabs} % \toprule, \midrule, and \bottomrule macros
\usepackage{dcolumn}  % decimal alignment of numbers
\newcolumntype{d}[1]{D{.}{.}{#1}}
\usepackage{tabularx} % for "tabularx" environment
\usepackage[justification=justified, singlelinecheck=false]{caption}
\newcolumntype{C}{>{\arraybackslash\centering}X}
\newcommand\MC[1]{\multicolumn{1}{C}{#1}}  % handy shortcut macro

\begin{document}
\begin{table}[!ht]

\caption{Constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the $\Lambda$CDM model. 
    The first column represents the results from adding different cosmological probes.}

\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} l *{4}{d{2.6}}  l @{}}
\toprule
Parameter 
& \MC{P$+$WP} 
& \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL} 
& \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL $+$L} 
& \MC{P$+$WP$+$highL $+$L$+$BAO} 
& Summary \\
\midrule
$\Omega_bh^2$ & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon\\ 
$\Omega_ch^2$& 0.12038 & 0.12025 & 0.11847 & 0.11889 & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$& 0.14305 &  \MC{$\cdots$}  &  \MC{$\cdots$}  &  \MC{$\cdots$}  & Total matter \\ 
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$ & 0.6817 & 0.6830 & 0.6939 & 0.6914 & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$[eV]&0.002& \MC{$\cdots$} &0.000& \MC{$\cdots$} &Neutrino\\
$H_0$& 67.04&67.15&67.94&67.77&Expansion rate \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx} 
\end{table}
\end{document}

Question 2

一般来说，最好避免重新调整表格的比例；永远不要重新调整标题的比例。

您的主要问题是由于列标题太宽；我认为将表格延伸到整个行宽是没有用的，因此我将提出两种解决方案。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}
\usepackage{caption}% http://ctan.org/pkg/caption
\usepackage{booktabs,tabularx,siunitx}

\newcommand{\splitcell}[1]{%
  \begin{tabular}{@{}c@{}}\strut#1\strut\end{tabular}%
}
\newcommand{\var}[1]{\mathit{#1}}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[!htp]
\centering\small

\caption{The constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the 
$\Lambda$CDM model. The first column represents the results from adding different 
cosmological probes.}

\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{
  l
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  X
}
\toprule
Parameter
 & {$P+\var{WP}$}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}$}}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}+L$}}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}+L+\var{BAO}$}}
 & Summary
\\
\midrule
$\Omega_bh^2$              & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon \\ 
$\Omega_ch^2$              & 0.12038  & 0.12025  & 0.11847  & 0.11889  & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$              & 0.14305  & {\dots}  & {\dots}  & {\dots}  & Total matter \\ 
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$         & 0.6817   & 0.6830   & 0.6939   & 0.6914   & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$ (\si{eV}) & 0.002    & {\dots}  & 0.000    & {\dots}  & neutrino \\
$H_0$                      & 67.04    & 67.15    & 67.94    & 67.77    & expansion rate $i$ \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}

\end{table}

\begin{table}[!htp]
\centering

\caption{The constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the 
$\Lambda$CDM model. The first column represents the results from adding different 
cosmological probes.}

\begin{tabular}{
  l
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  l
}
\toprule
Parameter
 & {$P+\var{WP}$}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}$}}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}+L$}}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}+L+\var{BAO}$}}
 & Summary
\\
\midrule
$\Omega_bh^2$              & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon \\ 
$\Omega_ch^2$              & 0.12038  & 0.12025  & 0.11847  & 0.11889  & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$              & 0.14305  & {\dots}  & {\dots}  & {\dots}  & Total matter \\ 
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$         & 0.6817   & 0.6830   & 0.6939   & 0.6914   & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$ (\si{eV}) & 0.002    & {\dots}  & 0.000    & {\dots}  & neutrino \\
$H_0$                      & 67.04    & 67.15    & 67.94    & 67.77    & expansion rate $i$ \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

\end{table}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

如您所见，您不需要重新调整表格的大小。

Answer

一般来说，最好避免重新调整表格的比例；永远不要重新调整标题的比例。

您的主要问题是由于列标题太宽；我认为将表格延伸到整个行宽是没有用的，因此我将提出两种解决方案。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}
\usepackage{caption}% http://ctan.org/pkg/caption
\usepackage{booktabs,tabularx,siunitx}

\newcommand{\splitcell}[1]{%
  \begin{tabular}{@{}c@{}}\strut#1\strut\end{tabular}%
}
\newcommand{\var}[1]{\mathit{#1}}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[!htp]
\centering\small

\caption{The constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the 
$\Lambda$CDM model. The first column represents the results from adding different 
cosmological probes.}

\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{
  l
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  X
}
\toprule
Parameter
 & {$P+\var{WP}$}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}$}}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}+L$}}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}+L+\var{BAO}$}}
 & Summary
\\
\midrule
$\Omega_bh^2$              & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon \\ 
$\Omega_ch^2$              & 0.12038  & 0.12025  & 0.11847  & 0.11889  & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$              & 0.14305  & {\dots}  & {\dots}  & {\dots}  & Total matter \\ 
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$         & 0.6817   & 0.6830   & 0.6939   & 0.6914   & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$ (\si{eV}) & 0.002    & {\dots}  & 0.000    & {\dots}  & neutrino \\
$H_0$                      & 67.04    & 67.15    & 67.94    & 67.77    & expansion rate $i$ \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}

\end{table}

\begin{table}[!htp]
\centering

\caption{The constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the 
$\Lambda$CDM model. The first column represents the results from adding different 
cosmological probes.}

\begin{tabular}{
  l
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  S[table-format=2.6]
  l
}
\toprule
Parameter
 & {$P+\var{WP}$}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}$}}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}+L$}}
 & {\splitcell{$P+\var{WP}\:+$\\$\var{highL}+L+\var{BAO}$}}
 & Summary
\\
\midrule
$\Omega_bh^2$              & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon \\ 
$\Omega_ch^2$              & 0.12038  & 0.12025  & 0.11847  & 0.11889  & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$              & 0.14305  & {\dots}  & {\dots}  & {\dots}  & Total matter \\ 
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$         & 0.6817   & 0.6830   & 0.6939   & 0.6914   & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$ (\si{eV}) & 0.002    & {\dots}  & 0.000    & {\dots}  & neutrino \\
$H_0$                      & 67.04    & 67.15    & 67.94    & 67.77    & expansion rate $i$ \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

\end{table}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

如您所见，您不需要重新调整表格的大小。

Question 3

这是一个不需要\resizebox也不adjustwidth加载changepage包，使用tabularx环境，加上booktabs,makecell (allowing for linebreaks in cells) andsiunitx` 来改善表格的外观的解决方案：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{graphicx} %
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}
\usepackage{caption}%
\usepackage{array, tabularx}
\setlength\extrarowheight{2pt}
\usepackage{makecell}
\renewcommand\theadalign{rc}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\sisetup{table-format=1.6,table-number-alignment=center}

\begin{document}
\vspace*{1cm}


\begin{table}[!ht]
\footnotesize\captionsetup{format = hang, font=footnotesize, labelfont=sc}
\caption{The constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the $\Lambda$CDM model. The first column represents the results from adding different cosmological probes.}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{l *{4}{S}X}
\toprule\midrule
Parameter & {P+WP} & {\thead{P+WP+highL}} & {\thead{P+WP+highL\\+L\mbox{\hskip1.9em}}} & {\thead{P+WP+highL\\+L+BAO}} & Summary \\
\midrule\addlinespace
$\Omega_bh^2$ & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon \\
$\Omega_ch^2$& 0.12038 & 0.12025 & 0.11847 & 0.11889 & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$& 0.14305 & {...} & {...} & {...} & Total matter \\
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$ & 0.6817 & 0.6830 & 0.6939 & 0.6914 & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$[eV] & 0.002 & {...} & 0.000 & {...} &neutrino\\
$H_0$& {67.04} & {67.15} & {67.94} & {67.77} & expansion rate \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

Answer

这是一个不需要\resizebox也不adjustwidth加载changepage包，使用tabularx环境，加上booktabs,makecell (allowing for linebreaks in cells) andsiunitx` 来改善表格的外观的解决方案：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{graphicx} %
\usepackage[showframe=true]{geometry}
\usepackage{caption}%
\usepackage{array, tabularx}
\setlength\extrarowheight{2pt}
\usepackage{makecell}
\renewcommand\theadalign{rc}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\sisetup{table-format=1.6,table-number-alignment=center}

\begin{document}
\vspace*{1cm}


\begin{table}[!ht]
\footnotesize\captionsetup{format = hang, font=footnotesize, labelfont=sc}
\caption{The constraints on the content of the universe based on best fit to the $\Lambda$CDM model. The first column represents the results from adding different cosmological probes.}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{l *{4}{S}X}
\toprule\midrule
Parameter & {P+WP} & {\thead{P+WP+highL}} & {\thead{P+WP+highL\\+L\mbox{\hskip1.9em}}} & {\thead{P+WP+highL\\+L+BAO}} & Summary \\
\midrule\addlinespace
$\Omega_bh^2$ & 0.022032 & 0.022069 & 0.022199 & 0.022161 & Baryon \\
$\Omega_ch^2$& 0.12038 & 0.12025 & 0.11847 & 0.11889 & Cold dark matter \\
$\Omega_mh^2$& 0.14305 & {...} & {...} & {...} & Total matter \\
$\Omega_{\Lambda}$ & 0.6817 & 0.6830 & 0.6939 & 0.6914 & Dark energy \\
$\Sigma m_{\nu}$[eV] & 0.002 & {...} & 0.000 & {...} &neutrino\\
$H_0$& {67.04} & {67.15} & {67.94} & {67.77} & expansion rate \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

表格标题移至左侧

答案1

答案2

答案3

相关内容