我正在使用 nicechanges包。它基本上提供了三个命令\added、\deleted和\replaced。由于其结构和可选参数的事实，我认为可以简化其使用。我按照xparse包文档查看是否可以创建一个简化调用的命令。
下面是一个 MWE。我能够创建两个版本的命令，一个是，delete另一个是，replace具体取决于参数的数量。但我很快就筋疲力尽了。
总之，这里是我希望通过定义新命令实现的映射\ME：
\ME{deleted}映射到\deleted[id=Me]{deleted}\ME[added]映射到\added[id=Me]{added}（或至少等同于\ME[added]{}）\ME[replacing]{replaced}映射到\replaced[id=Me]{replacing}{replaced}\ME[comment]{deleted}映射到\deleted[id=Me, remark={comment}]{deleted}\ME[comment][added]映射到\added[id=Me,remark={comment}]{added}（或等同于\ME[comment][added]{}）\ME[comment][replacing]{replaced}映射到\replaced[id=Me, remark={comment}]{replacing}{replaced}。
梅威瑟：
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{changes}
\usepackage{xparse}
\definechangesauthor[name={MyName},color=blue]{ME}
\DeclareDocumentCommand \ME { o m }{%
\IfNoValueTF{#1}{
\deleted[id=ME]{#2}}{
\replaced[id=ME]{#1}{#2}
}
}
%\newcommand{\ME}[1]{\deleted[id=ME]{#1}} %ok
%\newcommand{\ME}[1][]{\added[id=ME]{#1}} % not working
\begin{document}
\added[id=ME,remark={added}]{added}
\deleted[id=ME,remark={deleted}]{deleted}
\replaced[id=ME,remark={replaced}]{replacing}{replaced}
\ME{aaa} % ok
\ME[aaa]{bbb} % ok
\ME[aaa]{} % ok
\ME{remark}[aaa]{}
\end{document}
编辑：到目前为止，总结一下。感谢@AxelBall 和@ChristianHupfer，我得到了这个语法，它几乎是理想的（除了纯注释），实现如下：
\ME{addonly}
\ME{add}<deleted>
\ME<deleteonly>
\ME[addonlycommet]{addonly}
\ME[adddeletecomment]{add}<delete>
\ME[deleteonlycomment]<deleteonly>
text\ME[commentonly]
id最后是星号变体，在修订版中添加：
\ME*[deleteonlycomment]<deleteonly>
代码：
\NewDocumentCommand{\ME}{sogd<>}{
\IfBooleanTF#1{
\IfNoValueTF{#2}{\IfNoValueTF{#3}{\IfNoValueF{#4}{\deleted[id=ME]{#4}}}{\IfNoValueTF{#4}{\added[id=ME]{#3}}{\replaced[id=ME]{#3}{#4}}}}{\IfNoValueTF{#3}{\IfNoValueTF{#4}{\added[id=ME,remark={#2}]{}}{\deleted[id=ME, remark={#2}]{#4}}}{\IfNoValueTF{#4}{\added[id=ME,remark={#2}]{#3}}{\replaced[id=ME, remark={#2}]{#3}{#4}}}}
}{
\IfNoValueTF{#2}{\IfNoValueTF{#3}{\IfNoValueF{#4}{\deleted{#4}}}{\IfNoValueTF{#4}{\added{#3}}{\replaced{#3}{#4}}}}{\IfNoValueTF{#3}{\IfNoValueTF{#4}{\added[remark={#2}]{}}{\deleted[remark={#2}]{#4}}}{\IfNoValueTF{#4}{\added[remark={#2}]{#3}}{\replaced[remark={#2}]{#3}{#4}}}}
}
}
答案1
\ME这里我们定义一个接受三个可选参数的命令：
\ME[optional comment]<deleted content>(added content)
必须给出和/或其中之一<deleted>，(added)否则命令不执行任何操作（但不会引发错误/警告）。
（已编辑来纠正替换行为。）
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{changes}
\usepackage{xparse}
\definechangesauthor[name={MyName},color=blue]{ME}
\NewDocumentCommand{\ME}{od<>d()}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#1}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#2}{%
\IfNoValueF{#3}{%
% (#3)
\added[id=ME]{#3}%
}%
}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#3}{%
% <#2>
\deleted[id=ME]{#2}%
}{% <#2>(#3)
\replaced[id=ME]{#3}{#2}%
}%
}%
}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#2}{%
\IfNoValueF{#3}{%
% [#1](#3)
\added[id=ME,remark={#1}]{#3}%
}%
}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#3}{%
% [#1]<#2>
\deleted[id=ME, remark={#1}]{#2}%
}{% [#1]<#2>(#3)
\replaced[id=ME, remark={#1}]{#3}{#2}%
}%
}%
}%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{ll}
\deleted[id=ME]{deleted}
& \ME<deleted> \\
\added[id=ME]{added}
& \ME(added) \\
\replaced[id=ME]{replacing}{replaced}
& \ME<replaced>(replacing)\\
\deleted[id=ME, remark={comment}]{deleted}
& \ME[comment]<deleted> \\
\added[id=ME,remark={comment}]{added}
& \ME[comment](added)\\
\replaced[id=ME, remark={comment}]{replacing}{replaced}
& \ME[comment]<replaced>(replacing)\\
\end{tabular}
\end{document}
如果您担心使用括号，请不要担心。xparse如果在第三个参数内使用平衡括号，则可以很好地应对；如果您想要不平衡的括号，请将其括在括号中：\ME(like {(} this)。
如果您确实想对最后一个参数使用括号，则可以使用g说明符：
\NewDocumentCommand{\ME}{od<>g}{...}
编辑
好的，这应该可以满足你的要求：
\documentclass[border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{changes}
\usepackage{xparse}
\definechangesauthor[name={MyName},color=blue]{ME}
\NewDocumentCommand{\ME}{ogd<>}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#1}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#2}{%
\IfNoValueF{#3}{%
% <#3>
\deleted[id=ME]{#3}%
}%
}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#3}{%
% {#2}
\added[id=ME]{#2}%
}{% {#2}<#3>
\replaced[id=ME]{#2}{#3}%
}%
}%
}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#2}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#3}{%
% [1]
\added[id=ME,remark={#1}]{}%
}{% [#1]<#3>
\deleted[id=ME, remark={#1}]{#3}%
}%
}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#3}{%
% [#1]{#2}
\added[id=ME,remark={#1}]{#2}%
}{% [#1]{#2}<#3>
\replaced[id=ME, remark={#1}]{#2}{#3}%
}%
}%
}%
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{ll}
\verb|\ME<deleted>|
& \ME<deleted> \\
\verb|\ME{added}|
& \ME{added} \\
\verb|\ME{added}<deleted>|
& \ME{added}<deleted>\\
\verb|\ME[comment]|
& \ME[comment]\\
\verb|\ME[comment]<deleted>|
& \ME[comment]<deleted> \\
\verb|\ME[comment]{added}|
& \ME[comment]{added}\\
\verb|\ME[comment]{added}<deleted>|
& \ME[comment]{added}<deleted>\\
\end{tabular}
\end{document}
输出：
答案2
这实际上使用了三个可选参数：
\ME[operation driver]<operation argument>[operation comment]
其中任何一个都可以省略，在这种情况下什么也不会发生。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{changes}
\usepackage{xstring}
\usepackage{xparse}
\definechangesauthor[name={MyName},color=blue]{ME}
\DeclareDocumentCommand \MEOrig{ o m }{%
\IfNoValueTF{#1}{
\deleted[id=ME]{#2}}{
\replaced[id=ME]{#1}{#2}
}
}
\DeclareDocumentCommand{\ME}{oD<>{}o}{%
\IfNoValueTF{#1}{%
\IfValueTF{#3}{%
\deleted[id=ME,remark={#3}]{#2}%
}{%
\deleted[id=ME]{#2}%
}%
}{%
\IfStrEq{#1}{added}{%
\IfValueTF{#2}{%
\IfValueTF{#3}{%
\added[id=ME,remark={#3}]{#2}%
}{%
\added[id=ME]{#2}%
}%
}{%
\IfValueTF{#3}{%
\added[id=ME,remark={#3}]{}%
}{%
\added[id=ME]{}%
}%
}%
}{%
\IfStrEq{#1}{replacing}{%
\IfValueTF{#3}{%
\replaced[id=ME,remark={#3}]{replacing}{#2}%
}{%
\replaced[id=ME]{replacing}{#2}%
}%
}{%
% Do nothing in here
}%
}% End of IfStrEq{#1}{added}
}% End of IfNoValueTF{#1}
}
\begin{document}
\added[id=ME,remark={added}]{added}
\deleted[id=ME,remark={deleted}]{deleted}
\replaced[id=ME,remark={replaced}]{replacing}{replaced}
\ME<aaa> % ok
\ME[aaa]<bbb> % ok
\ME[aaa] % ok
\ME<remark>[aaa]
\end{document}