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使用 tikz 包制作的断条图

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使用 tikz 包制作的断条图

我正在尝试使用 tikz 包来创建条形图，并按照手册第 84 页中的代码示例进行操作http://mirrors.ctan.org/graphics/pgf/contrib/pgfplots/doc/pgfplots.pdf#page=84

给我一个断裂的条形图。

\documentclass{scrreprt}

\usepackage{pgfplots}

\begin{tikzpicture}
 \begin{axis}
 [
  ybar,
  enlargelimits=0.15,
  legend style={at={(0.5,-0.15)},
  anchor=north,legend columns=-1},
  ylabel={Anzahl der täglich hochgeladenen Fotos (in Millionen)},
  symbolic x coords={2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014},
  xtick=data,
  nodes near coords,
  nodes near coords align={vertical},
 ]
 \addplot coordinates {(2008,17) (2008,0) (2008,0) (2008,0)};
 \addplot coordinates {(2009,69) (2009,0) (2009,0) (2009,0)};
 \addplot coordinates {(2010,197) (2010,0) (2010,0) (2010,0)};
 \addplot coordinates {(2011,249) (2011,9) (2011,0) (2011,0)};
 \addplot coordinates {(2012,300) (2012,9) (2012,51) (2012,0)};
 \addplot coordinates {(2013,343) (2013,51) (2013,394) (2013,394)};
 \addplot coordinates {(2014,351) (2014,60) (2014,703) (2014,703)};
\legend{Facebook,Instagram,Snapchat,WhatsApp}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}

具体问题是：

  • 条形图显示不正确

  • 值超出范围或混合在一起

  • 条形图通常太小（我如何指定\linewidth？）

答案1

请注意，第一个\addplotplot绘制第一个标签的图形，即您的第一条\addplot评论应包含所有 Facebook 坐标。因此，我认为您必须更改命令的分配coordinates。\addplot此外，我更改了width、axis和bar width并将enlargelimits设置compat为当前版本 3.12。

在此处输入图片描述

代码：

\documentclass{scrreprt}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.12}% current version

\begin{document}
\noindent\begin{tikzpicture}
  \begin{axis}[
    width=\linewidth,
    ybar,
    bar width=8pt,
    ymin=0,
    enlarge x limits={abs=25pt},
    legend style={at={(0.5,-0.15)},
    anchor=north,legend columns=-1},
    ylabel={Anzahl der täglich hochgeladenen Fotos (in Millionen)},
    symbolic x coords={2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014},
    xtick=data,
    nodes near coords,
    every node near coord/.append style={rotate=90, anchor=west,font=\footnotesize},
    nodes near coords align={vertical},
  ]
  \addplot coordinates {% Facebook
    (2008,17) (2009,69) (2010,197) (2011,249) (2012,300) (2013,343) (2014,351)};
  \addplot coordinates {% Instagram
    (2008,0) (2009,0) (2010,0) (2011,9) (2012,9) (2013,51) (2014,60)};
  \addplot coordinates {% Snapshot
    (2008,0) (2009,0) (2010,0) (2011,0) (2012,51) (2013,394) (2014,703)};
  \addplot coordinates {% WhatsApp
    (2008,0) (2009,0) (2010,0) (2011,0) (2012,0) (2013,394) (2014,703)};
  \legend{Facebook,Instagram,Snapchat,WhatsApp}
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

更新：当然你也可以使用文本文件

Year, Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, WhatsApp
2008, 17, 0,0,0 
2009,69,0,0,0
2010,197,0,0,0
2011,249,9,0,0
2012,300,9,51,0
2013,343,51,394,394
2014,351,60,703,703

然后你必须使用

\addplot table[col sep=comma,x=Year,y=Facebook]{<filename>};
\addplot table[col sep=comma,x=Year,y=Instagram]{<filename>};
\addplot table[col sep=comma,x=Year,y=Snapchat]{<filename>};
\addplot table[col sep=comma,x=Year,y=WhatsApp]{<filename>};

或者您可以使用\pgfplotsinvokeforeach从文件中绘制多个列：

\begin{filecontents*}{data\jobname.csv}
Year, Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, WhatsApp
2008, 17, 0,0,0 
2009,69,0,0,0
2010,197,0,0,0
2011,249,9,0,0
2012,300,9,51,0
2013,343,51,394,394
2014,351,60,703,703
\end{filecontents*}

\documentclass{scrreprt}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.12}% current version

\begin{document}
\noindent\begin{tikzpicture}
  \begin{axis}[
    width=\linewidth,
    ybar,
    bar width=8pt,
    ymin=0,
    enlarge x limits={abs=25pt},
    legend style={at={(0.5,-0.15)},
    anchor=north,legend columns=-1},
    ylabel={Anzahl der täglich hochgeladenen Fotos (in Millionen)},
    symbolic x coords={2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014},
    xtick=data,
    nodes near coords,
    every node near coord/.append style={rotate=90, anchor=west,font=\footnotesize},
    nodes near coords align={vertical},
  ]
  \pgfplotsinvokeforeach{Facebook,Instagram,Snapchat,WhatsApp}{
    \addplot table[col sep=comma,x=Year,y=#1]{data\jobname.csv};
    \addlegendentry{#1}
  }
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

结果和上面一样。

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