我正在使用 TeX Live。我有一个书籍样式文件，我想在目录之前有一个符号列表。这个网站上有一个很好的符号列表代码，由 Heiko Oberdiek 于 符号列表？（示例文件）。但这有一个问题。此列表未出现在文件的第一个部分。我怎样才能打印文件第一个部分中的列表？
答案1
如果在定义符号之前使用这些符号，则必须将定义放入文件中.aux。与我对问题“符号列表？“，我现在把它分成\new@symb两部分。\new@symb将定义写入.aux文件中并设置\label。如果尚未从文件中读取符号，它还会定义符号.aux。
\newcommand*{\new@symb}[3]{%
\@bsphack
\if@filesw
\protected@write\@auxout{}{%
\string\new@aux@symb{#1}{%
\detokenize\expandafter{\unexpanded{#2}}%
}{%
\detokenize\expandafter{\unexpanded{#3}}%
}%
}%
\fi
\label{symb:#1}%
\@ifundefined{symb:#1}{%
\expandafter\gdef\csname symb:#1\endcsname{#2}%
}{}%
\@esphack
}
\new@aux@symb文件中的宏.aux定义该符号并将其放入符号列表中：
\newcommand*{\new@aux@symb}[3]{%
\g@addto@macro{\symb@list}{\symb@do{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
\expandafter\gdef\csname symb:#1\endcsname{#2}%
\begingroup
\settowidth{\dimen@}{#2}%
\ifdim\dimen@>\symb@maxwidth
\global\symb@maxwidth=\dimen@
\fi
\endgroup
}
针对没有正确定义的情况，在文件中通过包\new@aux@symb提供了 的默认定义：.auxauxhook.aux\new@aux@symb
\usepackage{auxhook}
\AddLineBeginAux{%
\string\providecommand\string\new@aux@symb[3]{}%
}
完整示例文件：
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage[
hmargin=25mm,
]{geometry}
\usepackage{supertabular}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\makeatletter
\usepackage{auxhook}
\AddLineBeginAux{%
\string\providecommand\string\new@aux@symb[3]{}%
}
\newcommand*{\symb@list}{}
\newlength{\symb@maxwidth}
\newlength{\symb@meaning}
\newcommand*{\new@aux@symb}[3]{%
\g@addto@macro{\symb@list}{\symb@do{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
\expandafter\gdef\csname symb:#1\endcsname{#2}%
\begingroup
\settowidth{\dimen@}{#2}%
\ifdim\dimen@>\symb@maxwidth
\global\symb@maxwidth=\dimen@
\fi
\endgroup
}
\newcommand*{\new@symb}[3]{%
\@bsphack
\if@filesw
\protected@write\@auxout{}{%
\string\new@aux@symb{#1}{%
\detokenize\expandafter{\unexpanded{#2}}%
}{%
\detokenize\expandafter{\unexpanded{#3}}%
}%
}%
\fi
\label{symb:#1}%
\@ifundefined{symb:#1}{%
\expandafter\gdef\csname symb:#1\endcsname{#2}%
}{}%
\@esphack
}
\newcommand*{\newmathsymb}[3]{%
\new@symb{#1}{\ensuremath{#2}}{#3}%
}
\newcommand*{\newtextsymb}{%
\@dblarg\symb@newtext
}
\def\symb@newtext[#1]#2#3{%
\new@symb{#1}{#2}{#3}%
}
\newcommand*{\symb}[1]{%
\@ifundefined{symb:#1}{%
\@latex@error{Symbol `#1' is undefined}\@ehc
}{%
\csname symb:#1\endcsname
}%
}
% List of symbols
\newcommand*{\symb@head}[1]{\textbf{\large#1}}
\newcommand*{\printsymblist}{%
\twocolumn[%
\section*{%
\centering
List of Symbols, Abbreviations, and Notation%
}%
]%
\thispagestyle{empty}% optional
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1.1}%
\settowidth{\dimen@}{\symb@head{Symbol}}%
\ifdim\dimen@>\symb@maxwidth
\global\symb@maxwidth\dimen@
\fi
\setlength{\symb@meaning}{\linewidth}%
\addtolength{\symb@meaning}{-\symb@maxwidth}%
\settowidth{\dimen@}{\symb@head{Page}}%
\addtolength{\symb@meaning}{-\dimen@}%
\addtolength{\symb@meaning}{-4\tabcolsep}%
\tablehead{%
\symb@head{Symbol} & \symb@head{Meaning} & \symb@head{Page}\\[.5ex]%
}%
\begin{supertabular}{@{}p{\symb@maxwidth}p{\symb@meaning}c@{}}%
\symb@list
\end{supertabular}%
\clearpage
\onecolumn
}
\newcommand*{\symb@do}[3]{%
#2&%
\sbox0{%
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}%
\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}p{\symb@meaning}@{}}%
\raggedright
#3%
\end{tabular}%
}%
\sbox2{%
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}%
\begin{tabular}[b]{@{}b{\symb@meaning}@{}}%
\raggedright
#3%
\end{tabular}%
}%
\usebox0 %
\xdef\symb@raise{\the\dimexpr\ht0-\ht2}%
&\raisebox{\symb@raise}{\pageref{symb:#1}}\tabularnewline
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\printsymblist
\setcounter{page}{40}
\newmathsymb{ABline}{\overleftrightarrow{AB}}{line $AB$}
Text with \symb{ABline} in text mode.
\begin{equation}
\symb{ABline} = \symb{ABline}
\end{equation}
\newpage
\newmathsymb{ABsegment}{\overline{AB}}{line segment $AB$}
Text with \symb{ABsegment}.
\newmathsymb{AB}{AB}{the length of \symb{ABsegment}}
\newmathsymb{ABray}{\overrightarrow{AB}}{ray $AB$}
\newpage
\newmathsymb{angleABC}{\angle ABC}{angle $ABC$}
Text with \symb{angleABC}.
\newcommand*{\test}[1]{%
\newpage
\setcounter{page}{#1}%
Dummy text.%
}
\test{42}\newtextsymb{degree}{\textdegree}{degree}
\test{88}\newmathsymb{approx}{\approx}{approximately equal to}
\test{108}\newmathsymb{pi}{\pi}{pi}
\test{186}\newmathsymb{if p then q}{p \Rightarrow q}{if $p$, then $q$}
\test{189}\newmathsymb{p iff q}{p \Leftrightarrow q}{$p$ if and only if $q$}
\test{198}\newtextsymb{HL}{Hypotenuse-Leg Congruence Theorem}
\test{198}\newtextsymb[CP]{C.P.}{\textbf{C}orresponding \textbf{P}arts
of Congruent Triangles Are Congruent}
\test{199}\newtextsymb{ASA}{Angle-Side-Angle Congruence Postulate}
\test{298}\newmathsymb{a:b}{a\colon b}{ratio $\frac{a}{b}$}
\test{309}\newtextsymb{AAA}{Angle-Angle-Angle Similarity Postulate}
\test{309}\newtextsymb{AA}{Angle-Angle Similarity Theorem}
\test{310}\newtextsymb{SAS}{Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem}{310}
\test{311}\newtextsymb{LL}{Leg-Leg Similarity Theorem}
\test{541}\newmathsymb{>}{>}{is greater than}
\test{541}\newmathsymb{<}{<}{is less than}
\test{541}\newmathsymb{<=}{\neq}{is less than or equal to}
\test{541}\newmathsymb{>=}{\geq}{is greater than or equal to}
\test{562}\newmathsymb{dT}{d_T}{taxicab distance}{562}
\test{562}\newmathsymb{dE}{d_E}{Euclidian distance}{562}
\end{document}
改进：添加警告
例如，当符号发生变化时，以前的版本不会发出警告。这个问题通过使用 LaTeX 的内部标签接口（通过宏 ）得到解决\@newl@bel，该宏会进行全局定义（现在使用前缀\SYMB@而不是以前的\symb:），并且 LaTeX 会在文档末尾重新定义 ，以便在.aux重新读取文件时检查符号定义是否发生变化。
精炼示例：
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage[
hmargin=25mm,
]{geometry}
\usepackage{supertabular}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\makeatletter
\usepackage{auxhook}
\AddLineBeginAux{%
\string\providecommand\string\new@aux@symb[3]{}%
}
\newcommand*{\symb@list}{}
\newlength{\symb@maxwidth}
\newlength{\symb@meaning}
\newcommand*{\new@aux@symb}[3]{%
\g@addto@macro{\symb@list}{\symb@do{#1}{#2}{#3}}%
\@newl@bel{SYMB}{#1}{#2}%
\begingroup
\settowidth{\dimen@}{#2}%
\ifdim\dimen@>\symb@maxwidth
\global\symb@maxwidth=\dimen@
\fi
\endgroup
}
\newcommand*{\new@symb}[3]{%
\@bsphack
\if@filesw
\protected@write\@auxout{}{%
\string\new@aux@symb{#1}{%
\detokenize\expandafter{\unexpanded{#2}}%
}{%
\detokenize\expandafter{\unexpanded{#3}}%
}%
}%
\fi
\label{symb:#1}%
% \@ifundefined{SYMB@#1}{%
% \expandafter\gdef\csname SYMB@#1\endcsname{#2}%
% }{}%
\@esphack
}
\newcommand*{\newmathsymb}[3]{%
\new@symb{#1}{\ensuremath{#2}}{#3}%
}
\newcommand*{\newtextsymb}{%
\@dblarg\symb@newtext
}
\def\symb@newtext[#1]#2#3{%
\new@symb{#1}{#2}{#3}%
}
\newcommand*{\symb}[1]{%
\@ifundefined{SYMB@#1}{%
\@latex@warning{Symbol `#1' is undefined}%
\nfss@text{\textbf{??}}%
}{%
\csname SYMB@#1\endcsname
}%
}
% List of symbols
\newcommand*{\symb@head}[1]{\textbf{\large#1}}
\newcommand*{\printsymblist}{%
\twocolumn[%
\section*{%
\centering
List of Symbols, Abbreviations, and Notation%
}%
]%
\thispagestyle{empty}% optional
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1.1}%
\settowidth{\dimen@}{\symb@head{Symbol}}%
\ifdim\dimen@>\symb@maxwidth
\global\symb@maxwidth\dimen@
\fi
\setlength{\symb@meaning}{\linewidth}%
\addtolength{\symb@meaning}{-\symb@maxwidth}%
\settowidth{\dimen@}{\symb@head{Page}}%
\addtolength{\symb@meaning}{-\dimen@}%
\addtolength{\symb@meaning}{-4\tabcolsep}%
\tablehead{%
\symb@head{Symbol} & \symb@head{Meaning} & \symb@head{Page}\\[.5ex]%
}%
\begin{supertabular}{@{}p{\symb@maxwidth}p{\symb@meaning}c@{}}%
\symb@list
\end{supertabular}%
\clearpage
\onecolumn
}
\newcommand*{\symb@do}[3]{%
#2&%
\sbox0{%
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}%
\begin{tabular}[t]{@{}p{\symb@meaning}@{}}%
\raggedright
#3%
\end{tabular}%
}%
\sbox2{%
\renewcommand*{\arraystretch}{1}%
\begin{tabular}[b]{@{}b{\symb@meaning}@{}}%
\raggedright
#3%
\end{tabular}%
}%
\usebox0 %
\xdef\symb@raise{\the\dimexpr\ht0-\ht2}%
&\raisebox{\symb@raise}{\pageref{symb:#1}}\tabularnewline
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\printsymblist
\setcounter{page}{40}
\newmathsymb{ABline}{\overleftrightarrow{AB}}{line $AB$}
Text with \symb{ABline} in text mode.
\begin{equation}
\symb{ABline} = \symb{ABline}
\end{equation}
\newpage
\newmathsymb{ABsegment}{\overline{AB}}{line segment $AB$}
Text with \symb{ABsegment}.
\newmathsymb{AB}{AB}{the length of \symb{ABsegment}}
\newmathsymb{ABray}{\overrightarrow{AB}}{ray $AB$}
\newpage
\newmathsymb{angleABC}{\angle ABC}{angle $ABC$}
Text with \symb{angleABC}.
\newcommand*{\test}[1]{%
\newpage
\setcounter{page}{#1}%
Dummy text.%
}
\test{42}\newtextsymb{degree}{\textdegree}{degree}
\test{88}\newmathsymb{approx}{\approx}{approximately equal to}
\test{108}\newmathsymb{pi}{\pi}{pi}
\test{186}\newmathsymb{if p then q}{p \Rightarrow q}{if $p$, then $q$}
\test{189}\newmathsymb{p iff q}{p \Leftrightarrow q}{$p$ if and only if $q$}
\test{198}\newtextsymb{HL}{Hypotenuse-Leg Congruence Theorem}
\test{198}\newtextsymb[CP]{C.P.}{\textbf{C}orresponding \textbf{P}arts
of Congruent Triangles Are Congruent}
\test{199}\newtextsymb{ASA}{Angle-Side-Angle Congruence Postulate}
\test{298}\newmathsymb{a:b}{a\colon b}{ratio $\frac{a}{b}$}
\test{309}\newtextsymb{AAA}{Angle-Angle-Angle Similarity Postulate}
\test{309}\newtextsymb{AA}{Angle-Angle Similarity Theorem}
\test{310}\newtextsymb{SAS}{Side-Angle-Side Similarity Theorem}{310}
\test{311}\newtextsymb{LL}{Leg-Leg Similarity Theorem}
\test{541}\newmathsymb{>}{>}{is greater than}
\test{541}\newmathsymb{<}{<}{is less than}
\test{541}\newmathsymb{<=}{\neq}{is less than or equal to}
\test{541}\newmathsymb{>=}{\geq}{is greater than or equal to}
\test{562}\newmathsymb{dT}{d_T}{taxicab distance}{562}
\test{562}\newmathsymb{dE}{d_E}{Euclidian distance}{562}
\end{document}