我怎样才能设计出这样的练习？

Question

我怎样才能设计出像本书中那样的练习，但练习编号不应该遵循定理编号。

这一页取自李的拓扑流形简介。

Answer 1

以下是该软件包的解决方案ntheorem：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{fourier}
\usepackage{heuristica}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[thmmarks, amsmath, thref]{ntheorem}
\usepackage{cleveref}

\theoremstyle{plain}
\theoremheaderfont{\upshape\bfseries}
\theoremseparator{.}
\theorembodyfont{\itshape}
\newtheorem{prop}{Proposition}[section]
{
\theoremprework{\vskip\dimexpr\topsep+\partopsep\relax\par\ensuremath{\blacktriangleright}\small\vspace*{\dimexpr-\topsep-\baselineskip}\leavevmode}
\theoremindent 2.5em
\theorembodyfont{\upshape}
\newtheorem{exercise}[prop]{Exercise}
}

\theoremstyle{nonumberplain}
\theoremheaderfont{\scshape}
\theorembodyfont{\upshape}
\theoremsymbol{\ensuremath{\square}}
\newtheorem{proof}{Proof}

\begin{document}
\setcounter{section}{3}
\begin{prop}\label{myprop}
  Blah blah blah.
\end{prop}

\begin{proof} [of \cref{myprop}]Since something is true, we have
  \[ A = B. \]
\end{proof}

Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text.
\begin{exercise}
  Prove the preceding proposition. Prove the preceding proposition. Prove the preceding proposition. Prove the preceding proposition.
\end{exercise}

Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text. Some more text.
\begin{proof}[of some theorem]
  This is a very important proof. Isn't it?
  \begin{align*}
    a & = b \\ c & = d.
  \end{align*}
\end{proof}

\end{document} 

**已添加：$$ 这是更正后的代码。问题来自与 的冲突hyperef。我重新组织了定理的顺序。

\documentclass[a4paper, francais, 12pt]{book}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{fourier}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{bbding} % for checkmarks and XSolidBrush in itemize http://ftp.cc.uoc.gr/mirrors/CTAN/info/symbols/comprehensive/symbols-a4.pdf
\usepackage{babel}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\DeclareMathOperator{\arccot}{arccot} 
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[thmmarks, amsmath, thref, hyperref]{ntheorem}
 \usepackage[pdftex,pdfauthor={Elie Nasrallah}, pdftitle={Mathematiques Elementaires}, pdfpagemode={UseOutlines}, bookmarks, bookmarksopen, bookmarksnumbered, pdfstartview={FitH}, colorlinks, linkcolor={blue}, citecolor={blue}, urlcolor={red}]{hyperref}
\usepackage{cleveref}

\theoremstyle{plain}
\theoremheaderfont{\upshape\bfseries}
\theoremseparator{.}
\theorembodyfont{\itshape}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[chapter]
\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollaire}
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemme}
\theorembodyfont{\upshape}
\newtheorem{definition}{Définition}[chapter]
\newtheorem{exercise}{Exercice}[chapter]
\newtheorem{example}{Exemple}[chapter]
\newtheorem{remark}{Remarque}[chapter]
\theoremprework{\vskip\dimexpr\topsep+\partopsep \relax\par\ensuremath{\blacktriangleright}\small\vspace*{\dimexpr-\topsep-\baselineskip}\leavevmode}
\theoremindent 2.5em
\theoremstyle{nonumberplain}
\theoremheaderfont{\scshape}
\theorembodyfont{\upshape}
\theoremsymbol{\ensuremath{\square}}

\newtheorem{proof}{Démonstration}
\newtheorem{solution}{S}

\begin{document}

\chapter{Fonction réelle d'une variable réelle}

\section{Limites et asymptotes}

\begin{proposition}
Si $f(x)<g(x)$ sur un voisinage de $x_0$ alors $\lim\limits_{x\to x_0}f(x)\leq \lim\limits_{x\to x_0}g(x)$.
 \end{proposition}


\begin{exercise}
wfsafasfaf
\end{exercise}

 \end{document}