我遇到的情况是，有两个替代假设可以成立，以使某些估计正确。我想将它们编号为 2.a 和 2.b，并在文中引用它们（假设 1 已经存在）。到目前为止，我做了以下事情，这给出了假设编号 2 和 3：
\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb,amsthm}
\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{assumption}{Assumption}
\begin{document}
\begin{assumption}[Comparability]\label{as:comparability} Individuals with the same $x_{it}$ vector are \textit{comparable} over time.\end{assumption}
\begin{assumption}[Comparability in differences; replacing Assumption \ref{as:comparability}]\label{as:comparabilityDiff} Differences between individuals $i$ and $j$ with the vectors $x_{it}$ and $x_{jt}$ are \textit{comparable} over time.\end{assumption}
What Assumption \ref{as:comparabilityDiff} implies economically can best be explained using an example…
有没有办法用 amsthm 包来实现这一点？我看过这篇文章 (关联)，但不知道在这种情况下如何引用该定理。
答案1
类似这样的情况？我想这不是最好的解决方案，我会尝试稍后改进它。
\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb,amsthm}
\usepackage{chngcntr}
\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{assumption}{Assumption}
\let\origtheassumption\theassumption
\begin{document}
\begin{assumption}[Comparability]\label{as:comparability} Individuals with the same $x_{it}$ vector are \textit{comparable} over time.\end{assumption}
\edef\oldassumption{\the\numexpr\value{assumption}+1}
\setcounter{assumption}{0}
\renewcommand{\theassumption}{\oldassumption.\alph{assumption}}
\begin{assumption}[Comparability in differences; replacing Assumption \ref{as:comparability}]\label{as:comparabilityDiff}
Differences between individuals $i$ and $j$ with the vectors $x_{it}$ and $x_{jt}$ are \textit{comparable} over time.
\end{assumption}
\begin{assumption}[Comparability in differences; replacing Assumption \ref{as:comparability}]\label{as:comparabilityDiffother}
Differences between individuals $i$ and $j$ with the vectors $x_{it}$ and $x_{jt}$ are \textit{comparable} over time.
\end{assumption}
\let\theassumption\origtheassumption
What Assumption \ref{as:comparabilityDiff} implies economically can best be explained using an example… and \ref{as:comparabilityDiffother}
\begin{assumption}{Foo}
bar
\end{assumption}
\end{document}
答案2
我遇到了类似的问题，由于我找不到其他解决方案，因此我将发布我所做的事情，以便将来可能遇到同样问题的人可以参考。想法：
- 为所有需要与其他假设分离的假设创建一个“中间”假设环境
- 使用
\numberwithin此环境 - 用于
\stepcounter确保新环境中的编号一致
由于我不擅长使用 LaTeX，所以这种方法有点儿老套，但对我来说还是有用的。它的优点是，如果您再次需要带有额外命名的假设，您无需像我一样重新定义命令。
使用你的例子：
\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb,amsthm}
\theoremstyle{plain}
\newtheorem{assumption}{Assumption}
\newtheorem{intassumption}{Assumption}
\numberwithin{intassumption}{assumption}
\renewcommand{\theintassumption}{\theassumption.\alph{intassumption}}
\begin{document}
\begin{assumption}[Comparability]\label{as:comparability} Individuals with the same $x_{it}$ vector are \textit{comparable} over time.\end{assumption}
\stepcounter{assumption}
\begin{intassumption}[Comparability in differences; replacing Assumption \ref{as:comparability}]\label{as:comparabilityDiff} Differences between individuals $i$ and $j$ with the vectors $x_{it}$ and $x_{jt}$ are \textit{comparable} over time.\end{assumption}
\begin{intassumption}[Comparability in differences; replacing Assumption \ref{as:comparability}]\label{as:comparabilityDiff} Differences between individuals $i$ and $j$ with the vectors $x_{it}$ and $x_{jt}$ are \textit{comparable} over time.\end{assumption}
What Assumption \ref{as:comparabilityDiff} implies economically can best be explained using an example…
\begin{assumption}{Foo}
bar
\end{assumption}
\end{document}
