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表格环境中 tikzpicture 环境中 pgfplots 轴所需的水平对齐方式

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表格环境中 tikzpicture 环境中 pgfplots 轴所需的水平对齐方式

这是我第一次在这个网站上提问（尽管得到了很多答案）。我axis在tabular环境中对 pgfplots 的水平对齐存在问题。 我的目标，独立于以下具体示例，是获得一个 3x2 方轴矩阵，无论是否考虑 ylabels/yticklabels，该矩阵都精确填充文本宽度。 在以下 MWE 中，两个tikzpictures 由包含它们的相应文件加载。和红色框caption的长度证明了对齐效果不佳。我想知道为什么。此外，我认为和也无法正常工作。从这个意义上讲，我想知道如何在考虑和不考虑标签和刻度标签的情况下紧密填充figuretrim axis lefttrim axis right\textwidth

这是我得到的。黑色手绘线是为了证明对齐方式没有考虑或忽略刻度标签

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}

\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage[super]{nth}
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{tikz}
%\usepackage{pbox}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.arrows}
\usepackage{tikzscale}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.12}
\usepackage[font=small, format=hang, labelfont={sf,bf}, tableposition=top, figureposition=bottom]{caption}

\newcommand{\mat}{\mathbf}
\renewcommand{\vec}{\bm}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[!t]
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{lr}
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{pippo1}
      \includegraphics{immagini/tikz/wpvsw/lele_w.tikz}
      &
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{pipo2}
      \includegraphics{immagini/tikz/wpvsw/lele_distorsion.tikz}
      \\
   \end{tabular}%
   \caption{\textsl{Left}: Plot of the real part of the modified wavenumber, $w'_\text{r}$, vs. wavenumber $w$ for first derivative approximations: (a) \nth{2} order explicit; (b) \nth{4} order explicit; (d) \nth{4} order tridiagonal (Padé); (e) \nth{6} order tridiagonal; (f) \nth{8} order tridiagonal; (h) \nth{10} order pentadiagonal.\\ \textsl{Right}: $w$-$w'$ plane stretched orthogonally to the bisector by a factor 500; each grey line results from the overlapping --- to eye precision --- of one horizontal and one vertical grid line on the \textsl{left}, due to the heavy distortion.}
    \label{fig:pippo}
\end{figure}


\end{document}

文件 lele_w.tikz 应该包含

\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,trim axis left]

   \begin{axis}[grid=major,axis equal image=true,xmin=0,xmax=pi,xtick={0,.7854,...,3.1416},xticklabels={{},$\frac{\pi}{4}$,$\frac{\pi}{2}$,$\frac{3\pi}{4}$,{}},x label style={at={(ticklabel* cs:1)},anchor=north east},xlabel={$w$},ymin=0,ymax=pi,ytick={0,.7854,...,3.1416},yticklabels={{},$\frac{\pi}{4}$,$\frac{\pi}{2}$,$\frac{3\pi}{4}$,{}},y label style={at={(ticklabel* cs:1)},anchor=north east,rotate=-90},ylabel={$\Re(w')$}]
      % exact
      \addplot[mark=none] {x};
   \end{axis}

   \draw[red]
(current axis.below south west)
rectangle (current axis.above north east);
   \draw[red]
(current axis.left of south west)
rectangle (current axis.right of north east);

\end{tikzpicture}

而 lele_distorsion.tikz 应该包含

\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,trim axis right]

   \begin{axis}[ylabel={$\Re(w')$},yticklabel pos=right,%at={(main axis.right of south east)},
   %xshift=7cm,%anchor=south west,
   axis equal image=true,xmin=0,xmax=pi,ymin=0,ymax=pi,ticks=none]

      % exact
      \addplot[mark=none] {x};

   \end{axis}

   \draw[red]
(current axis.below south west)
rectangle (current axis.above north east);
   \draw[red]
(current axis.left of south west)
rectangle (current axis.right of north east);

\end{tikzpicture}

我按照@Harish Kumar 所说的做了，但对我来说并不完全有效。我向代码中添加了一个具有一组 3x2 轴环境的不同图形

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}

\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage[super]{nth}
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{tikz}
%\usepackage{pbox}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.arrows}
\usepackage{tikzscale}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.12}
\usepackage[font=small, format=hang, labelfont={sf,bf}, tableposition=top, figureposition=bottom]{caption}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{lr}
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{re1}
      \includegraphics{immagini/tikz/wpvsw/re1.tikz}
      &
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{im1}
      \includegraphics{immagini/tikz/wpvsw/im1.tikz}
      \\
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{re2}
      \includegraphics{immagini/tikz/wpvsw/re2.tikz}
      &
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{im2}
      \includegraphics{immagini/tikz/wpvsw/im2.tikz}
      \\
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{re3}
      \includegraphics{immagini/tikz/wpvsw/re3.tikz}
      &
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{im3}
      \includegraphics{immagini/tikz/wpvsw/im3.tikz}
      \\
   \end{tabular}%
   \caption{\textsl{Left}: Plot of the real part of the modified wavenumber, $w'_\text{r}$, vs. wavenumber $w$ for first derivative approximations: (a) \nth{2} order explicit; (b) \nth{4} order explicit.}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

左上角的文件是：

\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
   \tikzset{every mark/.append style={scale=.75,fill=white}}
   \pgfplotsset{every tick label/.append style={
               /pgf/number format/precision=1,
               /pgf/number format/fixed,
               /pgf/number format/fixed zerofill
               }}
    \pgfplotsset{every axis plot/.append style={line width=.25pt}}

    \begin{axis}[width=.5\textwidth,height=.5\textwidth,
      ylabel={$\text{Re}\left(k'\right)$},
        xmin=0,xmax=pi,ymin=0,ymax=pi,axis equal image=true,
        xtick={.5,1,...,3},
      xticklabels={},
        ytick={.5,1,...,3},
        grid=major,trim axis left]
      \addplot[mark=none] {x};
   \end{axis}       

   \draw[red]
(current axis.below south west)
rectangle (current axis.above north east);
   \draw[red]
(current axis.left of south west)
rectangle (current axis.right of north east);

\end{tikzpicture}

右上角的文件是：

\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
   \tikzset{every mark/.append style={scale=.75,fill=white}}
   \pgfplotsset{every tick label/.append style={
               /pgf/number format/precision=1,
               /pgf/number format/fixed,
               /pgf/number format/fixed zerofill
               }}
    \pgfplotsset{every axis plot/.append style={line width=.25pt}}

   \begin{axis}[width=.5\textwidth,height=.5\textwidth,
      ylabel={$\text{Im}\left(k'\right)$},
        xmin=0,xmax=pi,ymin=-2e-2,ymax=1.6e-1,
        xtick={.5,1,...,3},
      xticklabels={},
        ytick={0,2e-2,4e-2,6e-2,8e-2,10e-2,12e-2,14e-2,16e-2},
        scaled y ticks={base 10:2},tick scale binop=\times,
      yticklabel pos=right,
        grid=major,trim axis right]
   \end{axis}

   \draw[red]
(current axis.below south west)
rectangle (current axis.above north east);
   \draw[red]
(current axis.left of south west)
rectangle (current axis.right of north east);

\end{tikzpicture}

下面 2 个 (1x2) 图有标签和刻度标签

axis' 选项用于width=.5\textwidth,height=.5\textwidth使绘图全部为正方形，即使右侧的绘图在 x 和 y 方向上具有不同的比例，如下图所示

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

对于给定的 TikZ 图片，我无法重现您的问题，但检查您的图表表明，您喜欢第一行中的图像与第二行中的图像在xlabel和中有所不同xticklabels。后者显然突出了图表的右侧和顶部边框，使图像略大。因此，我建议您xmax从xmax=pi到稍微增加一点，例如xmax=1.05*pi，ymax尺寸与xmax（图中左侧图像）相同。请参阅下面的代码。这样我得到：

在此处输入图片描述

我生成了上面的图，我将你的 TikZ 图像直接放在图中。包括它们的 pdf 文件不应该改变它们的外观。

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article}

\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage[super]{nth}
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{tikz}
%\usepackage{pbox}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,decorations,patterns,shapes.arrows}
\usepackage{tikzscale}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.12,
             width=0.5\textwidth-2*\tabcolsep, % <--- new,
             height=0.5\textwidth-2*\tabcolsep,% common for all tikz pictures
every axis plot/.append style={line width=1pt}
            }
\usepackage[font=small,
            format=hang,
            labelfont={sf,bf},
            tableposition=top,
            figureposition=bottom]{caption}

\newcommand{\mat}{\mathbf}
\renewcommand{\vec}{\bm}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}[t]
\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}\\[1ex]% only for show, that the images fit to width of text
   \centering
   \begin{tabular}{@{}l r@{}}
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{pippo1}
%\includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{example-image-a}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
    \begin{axis}[
               /pgf/number format/precision=1,
               /pgf/number format/fixed,
               /pgf/number format/fixed zerofill,
      ylabel={$\text{Re}\left(k'\right)$},
        xmin=0,xmax=pi,%<------- corrected
        ymin=0,ymax=pi,%<------- corrected
        axis equal image=true,
        xtick={.5,1,...,3},
      xticklabels={},
        ytick={.5,1,...,3},
        grid=major,trim axis left]
      \addplot[mark=none] {x};
   \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    &
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{pipo2}
%      \includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{example-image-b}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]

   \begin{axis}[
      ylabel={$\text{Im}\left(k'\right)$},
        xmin=0,xmax=pi,ymin=-2e-2,ymax=1.6e-1,
        xtick={.5,1,...,3},
      xticklabels={},
        ytick={0,2e-2,4e-2,6e-2,8e-2,10e-2,12e-2,14e-2,16e-2},
        scaled y ticks={base 10:2},tick scale binop=\times,
      yticklabel pos=right,
        grid=major,trim axis right]
   \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
      \\
%------------------------------------------
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{pippo1}
%\includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{example-image-a}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
    \begin{axis}[
      ylabel={$\text{Re}\left(k'\right)$},
        xmin=0,xmax=pi,
        ymin=0,ymax=pi,
        axis equal image=true,
        xtick={.5,1,...,3},
       xticklabels={0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0},
        ytick={.5,1,...,3},
        grid=major,trim axis left,
        xlabel={$k$}]
      \addplot[mark=none] {x};
   \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    &
      %\tikzsetnextfilename{pipo2}
%      \includegraphics[width=0.48\textwidth]{example-image-b}
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline]
   \begin{axis}[
      ylabel={$\text{Im}\left(k'\right)$},
        xmin=0,xmax=pi,ymin=-2e-2,ymax=1.6e-1,
        xtick={.5,1,...,3},
      xticklabels={0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0},
        ytick={0,2e-2,4e-2,6e-2,8e-2,10e-2,12e-2,14e-2,16e-2},
        scaled y ticks={base 10:2},tick scale binop=\times,
      yticklabel pos=right,
        grid=major,trim axis right,
        xlabel={$k$}]
]
   \end{axis}
   \end{tikzpicture}
   \end{tabular}%
   \caption{%
\textsl{Left}: Plot of the real part of the modified wavenumber, $w'_\text{r}$, vs. wavenumber $w$ for first derivative approximations: (a) \nth{2} order explicit; (b) \nth{4} order explicit; (d) \nth{4} order tridiagonal (Padé); (e) \nth{6} order tridiagonal; (f) \nth{8} order tridiagonal; (h) \nth{10} order pentadiagonal.\\
%
\textsl{Right}: $w$-$w'$ plane stretched orthogonally to the bisector by a factor 500; each grey line results from the overlapping --- to eye precision --- of one horizontal and one vertical grid line on the \textsl{left}, due to the heavy distortion.}
    \label{fig:pippo}
\end{figure}
    \end{document}

编辑： 我更改了pdfplotsset，它现在包含所有 pgf 图的所有公共数据。在那里我将图像的宽度定义为0.5\\textwidth-2*\tabcolsep，以适应表格单元格中的空间。在那里我@{}消除了表格中的左右空间。

现在我也省略了图像周围的红线，并将 x 轴的最大值返回给pi。我希望

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