我在 中制作了以下图表Tikz。MWE 如下所示，对于分成两个箭头的节点，需要进行一些改进。任何帮助都将不胜感激。谢谢
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,shapes,arrows}
\begin{document}
% Define block styles
\tikzstyle{block} =
[
rectangle
%, draw
% , fill=blue!20
, text width=5.0em
, text centered
, node distance=2.5cm
, rounded corners
, minimum height=1em
]
\tikzstyle{line} =
[
draw
, -latex'
]
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 2cm, auto]
% Place nodes
\node [block] (Econo) {Econometrics};
\node [block, below left of=Econo, node distance=2cm, xshift=-1.0cm] (Theoretical) {Theoretical};
\node [block, below right of=Econo, node distance=2cm, xshift=1.0cm] (Applied) {Applied};
% Draw edges
\path[line] let \p1=(Econo.south), \p2=(Theoretical.north) in (Econo.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (Theoretical.north);
\path[line] let \p1=(Econo.south), \p2=(Applied.north) in (Econo.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (Applied.north);
% Place nodes
\node [block, below left of=Theoretical, node distance=2.5cm, xshift=0.75cm] (TheoreticalClassical) {Classical};
\node [block, below right of=Theoretical, node distance=2.5cm, xshift=-0.75cm] (TheoreticalBayesian) {Bayesian};
% Draw edges
\path[line] let \p1=(Theoretical.south), \p2=(TheoreticalClassical.north) in (Theoretical.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (TheoreticalClassical.north);
\path[line] let \p1=(Theoretical.south), \p2=(TheoreticalBayesian.north) in (Theoretical.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (TheoreticalBayesian.north);
% Place nodes
\node [block, below left of=Applied, node distance=2.5cm, xshift=0.75cm] (AppliedClassical) {Classical};
\node [block, below right of=Applied, node distance=2.5cm, xshift=-0.75cm] (AppliedBayesian) {Bayesian};
% Draw edges
\path[line] let \p1=(Applied.south), \p2=(AppliedClassical.north) in (Applied.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (AppliedClassical.north);
\path[line] let \p1=(Applied.south), \p2=(AppliedBayesian.north) in (Applied.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (AppliedBayesian.north);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案1
加载positioning库并将节点规范中的所有内容更改of =为= of。您的问题将得到解决。始终使用此库进行定位，因为它更准确。此外，最好使用它tikzset而不是tikzstyle像我一样过时。
\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,shapes,arrows,positioning}
\begin{document}
% Define block styles
\tikzset{block/.style =
{
rectangle
%, draw
% , fill=blue!20
, text width=5.0em
, text centered
, node distance=2.5cm
, rounded corners
, minimum height=1em
},
line/.style =
{
draw
, -latex'
}
}
\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance = 2cm, auto]
% Place nodes
\node [block] (Econo) {Econometrics};
\node [block, below left = of Econo, node distance=2cm, xshift=-1.0cm] (Theoretical) {Theoretical};
\node [block, below right = of Econo, node distance=2cm, xshift=1.0cm] (Applied) {Applied};
% Draw edges
\path[line] let \p1=(Econo.south), \p2=(Theoretical.north) in (Econo.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (Theoretical.north);
\path[line] let \p1=(Econo.south), \p2=(Applied.north) in (Econo.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (Applied.north);
% Place nodes
\node [block, below left = of Theoretical, node distance=2.5cm, xshift=0.75cm] (TheoreticalClassical) {Classical};
\node [block, below right = of Theoretical, node distance=2.5cm, xshift=-0.75cm] (TheoreticalBayesian) {Bayesian};
% Draw edges
\path[line] let \p1=(Theoretical.south), \p2=(TheoreticalClassical.north) in (Theoretical.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (TheoreticalClassical.north);
\path[line] let \p1=(Theoretical.south), \p2=(TheoreticalBayesian.north) in (Theoretical.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (TheoreticalBayesian.north);
% Place nodes
\node [block, below left = of Applied, node distance=2.5cm, xshift=0.75cm] (AppliedClassical) {Classical};
\node [block, below right = of Applied, node distance=2.5cm, xshift=-0.75cm] (AppliedBayesian) {Bayesian};
% Draw edges
\path[line] let \p1=(Applied.south), \p2=(AppliedClassical.north) in (Applied.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (AppliedClassical.north);
\path[line] let \p1=(Applied.south), \p2=(AppliedBayesian.north) in (Applied.south) -- +(0,0.5*\y2-0.5*\y1) -| (AppliedBayesian.north);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案2
我重写了整个代码，使其更易于管理和阅读。我nodes在图中添加了名称，以便您可以轻松访问代码中的节点。现在，node distance=1cm如果您想增加或减少节点之间的距离，您可以轻松更改。
\documentclass[border={10pt}]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning,arrows}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
[%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
node distance=1cm,
arrow/.style={->, >=stealth, very thick},
block/.style={rectangle, fill=blue!20, text centered,
rounded corners, minimum height=1em}
]%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%create nodes
\node[block] (A) {Classical (A)};
\node[block] (B) [right=of A] {Bayesian (B)};
\node[block] (C) [above=of B] at (barycentric cs:A=0.1,B=0.1) {Theoretical (C)};
\node[block] (D) [right=of B] {Classical (D)};
\node[block] (E) [right=of D] {Bayesian (E)};
\node[block] (F) [above=of E] at (barycentric cs:D=0.1,E=0.1) {Applied (F)};
\node[block] (G) [above=of C] at (barycentric cs:C=0.1,F=0.1) {Econometrics (G)};
%connect nodes
\draw [arrow] (G.south) -- ++(0,-.3) -| (C.north);
\draw [arrow] (G.south) -- ++(0,-.3) -| (F.north);
\draw [arrow] (C.south) -- ++(0,-.3) -| (A.north);
\draw [arrow] (C.south) -- ++(0,-.3) -| (B.north);
\draw [arrow] (F.south) -- ++(0,-.3) -| (D.north);
\draw [arrow] (F.south) -- ++(0,-.3) -| (E.north);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
答案3
您可以借助treesTikZ 库简单地绘制您的图像：
\documentclass[border=3mm,
tikz,
preview]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes,trees}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners, draw=blue!50,
inner sep=1mm, outer sep=0mm, minimum height=5mm,
top color=blue!10, bottom color=blue!30,
align=center, anchor=north},
level distance = 11mm,
level 1/.style = {sibling distance=42mm},
level 2/.style = {sibling distance=24mm},
edge from parent fork down,
edge from parent/.style = {draw, semithick, -latex},
]
\node {Econometrics}
child {node {Theoretical}
child {node {Classical}}
child {node {Bayesian}}
}
child {node {Theoretical}
child {node {Classical}}
child {node {Bayesian}}
};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
得到的图像（如果你不喜欢节点设计，只需适当改变every node样式）是：
节点位置由级别和兄弟距离决定。
编辑：为了在图像左侧添加注释，您需要为节点命名（至少在树的左侧）。它们用于正确对齐节点。如果注释的布局与树中的节点不同，则最好为它们定义单独的样式。
考虑到上述情况，MWE 现在是：
\documentclass[border=3mm,
tikz,
preview]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,positioning,shapes,trees}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
node distance=0mm,
every node/.style = {shape=rectangle, rounded corners, draw=blue!50,
inner sep=1mm, outer sep=0mm, minimum height=5mm,
%
align=center, anchor=north},
cmnt/.style = {shape=rectangle, draw=none,
inner sep=0mm, outer sep=0mm, minimum height=5mm,
align=right},
level 1/.style = {sibling distance=42mm},
level 2/.style = {sibling distance=24mm},
edge from parent fork down,
edge from parent/.style = {draw, semithick, -latex},
]
\begin{scope}[every node/.append style={top color=blue!10, bottom color=blue!30}]
\node (L1) {Econometrics}% L should associate on "Level"
child {node (L2) {Theoretical}
child {node (L3) {Classical}}
child {node {Bayesian}}
}
child {node {Theoretical}
child {node {Classical}}
child {node {Bayesian}}
};
\end{scope}
%from bottom to top
\node[cmnt] (l3) [left=3mm of L3,% select according your needs
] {comment for\\ the third level};
\node[cmnt] (l2) [left=of l3.east |- L2.west,% right aligned with level 3 comment
] {comment for\\ the second level};
\node[cmnt] (l1) [left=of l3.east |- L1,% right aligned with level 3 comment
] {one line comment};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
其结果如下：
