TikZ：像 SolveMe Mobiles 一样绘制平衡图

Question

我想要绘制这样的图表：

一般来说，SolveMe 手机（播放部分）

我想我可以用原始代码来完成，但我想用自定义命令来完成，例如：“制作水平线”、“放置六边形节点”等等。这可能吗？

编辑 ：

这是“原始代码”的答案，但它不是模块化的：

\begin{tikzpicture}[edge from parent fork down]
  \node{\space}
    child {node [draw, fill=green!20,rectangle] {\space}
        child {node [draw, fill=green!20,rectangle] {\space}}
      }
    child {node [draw, fill=blue!20,circle] {\space}
      child {node [draw, fill=yellow!20] {\space}}
      child {node [draw, fill=red!20] {\space}}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}

它给了我这个

这与我想要的相差甚远。

Answer 1

（对我而言）无需使用树库就可以更轻松地绘制您的图片：

\documentclass[border=3mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{chains,
                positioning,
                shadows,
                shapes.geometric
                }

    \begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
    node distance=5mm and 11mm,
    start chain = going below,
           font = \sffamily,
   basic/.style = {shape=regular polygon, outer sep=0pt, minimum size=1ex, 
                   node contents={~~},  on chain},
     hex/.style = {basic,regular polygon sides=6,
                   top color=teal!30, bottom color=teal!90},
     tri/.style = {basic,regular polygon sides=3,
                   top color=purple!30, bottom color=purple!90,
                   shape border rotate=-180, inner sep=2pt},
     pet/.style = {basic,regular polygon sides=5,
                   top color=orange!30, bottom color=orange!90},
                    ]
\coordinate[left =of {(0,0)}]    (a);
\coordinate[right=of {(0,0)}]    (b);
%
\node (a1) [hex,below=of a];
\node (a2) [hex];
\node (a3) [hex];
    \node (a4) [tri,below=of a3];
    \node[right=0mm of a4.east] {=12};
%
\node (b1) [pet,below=of b];
\node (b2) [tri];
%
\node (c) [hex,left=of a4.west];
\node[right=0mm of c.east] {=5};
        \node (d) [pet,right=of a4.east];
        \node[right] at (d.east) {$=$};
        \node[draw=gray,text width=2em,minimum height=4ex,
              right=5 mm of d.east] {};
% lines
\draw[gray,thick]  (0,0) -- + (0,7mm);
\draw[ultra thick,cap=round] (a) -- (b);
\draw[gray] (a) -- (a1) (a1) -- (a2)    (a2) -- (a3)
            (b) -- (b1) (b1) -- (b2);
\end{tikzpicture}
    \end{document}

这里我用五边形代替心形。它可以通过 来绘制pic，但是对于所需图像的第一个近似值，五边形就足够了：

升级：如果你非常想要心形而不是五边形，那么你可以用 画一个心形pic。对于这些小图片，在图片中放置它需要多花点功夫：

\documentclass[border=3mm,tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{chains,
                positioning,
                shadows,
                shapes.geometric
                }

    \begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
    node distance=5mm and 13mm,
    start chain = going below,
           font = \sffamily,
   basic/.style = {shape=regular polygon, outer sep=0pt, minimum size=1ex, 
                   node contents={~~},  on chain},
     hex/.style = {basic,regular polygon sides=6,
                   top color=teal!30, bottom color=teal!90},
     tri/.style = {basic,regular polygon sides=3,
                   top color=purple!30, bottom color=purple!90,
                   shape border rotate=-180, inner sep=2pt},
       pet/.pic = {\path[top color=orange!30, bottom color=orange!90]
                    (0,0)   .. controls (0.0,0.15) and (-0.3,0.20) .. (-0.3,0.4)
                        arc (180:0:0.15)
                        arc (180:0:0.15)
                            .. controls (0.3,0.20) and ( 0.0,0.15) .. (0,0);
                    \coordinate (-south)    at (0,0.02);
                    \coordinate (-north)    at (0,0.4);
                    \coordinate (-west)     at (-0.2,0.3);
                    \coordinate (-center)   at (0,0.3);
                    \coordinate (-east)     at (+0.2,0.3);}
%     pet/.style = {basic,regular polygon sides=5,
%                   top color=orange!30, bottom color=orange!90},
                    ]
\coordinate[left =of {(0,0)}]    (a);
\coordinate[right=of {(0,0)}]    (b);
%
\node (a1) [hex,below=of a];
\node (a2) [hex];
\node (a3) [hex];
    \node (a4) [tri,below=of a3];
    \node[right=0mm of a4.east] {=12};
%
\pic[below=of a1 -| b]  (b1)  {pet};
\node (b2) [tri,below=of b1-south];
%
\node (c) [hex,left=of a4.west];
\node[right=0mm of c.east] {=5};
        \pic [right=17mm of a4.south]  (d) {pet};
        \node[right] at (d-east) {$=$};
        \node[draw=gray,text width=2em,minimum height=4ex,
              right=5 mm of d-east] {};
% lines
\draw[gray,thick]  (0,0) -- + (0,7mm);
\draw[ultra thick,cap=round] (a) -- (b);
\draw[gray] (a) -- (a1) (a1) -- (a2)    (a2) -- (a3)
            (b) -- (b1-north) (b1-south) -- (b2);

    \end{document}

现在的图片是：

Answer 2

仅使用简单的堆栈。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{marvosym,amssymb,txfonts,stackengine,xcolor,scalerel}
\def\hex{\kern.2pt\textcolor{green!80!black}{\scalerel*{$\Hexasteel$}{)}}}
\def\btd{\textcolor{blue!30!red}{\scalerel*{\blacktriangledown}{)}}}
\def\hrt{\textcolor{orange!80!red}{\scalerel*{\varheartsuit}{)}}}
\def\topstik{\rule{1pt}{10pt}}
\def\stik{\rule{1pt}{5pt}}
\def\hbar{\rule{2.5em}{2pt}}
\setstackgap{S}{-.2pt}
\setstackEOL{\cr}
\begin{document}
\stackunder[15pt]{%
  \stackunder{\Shortstack{\topstik\cr\hbar}}{%
    \Shortunderstack{\topstik\cr\hex\cr\stik\cr\hex\cr\stik\cr\hex}%
    \quad%
    \Shortunderstack{\topstik\cr\hrt\cr\stik\cr\btd}%
  }%
}{%
  $\hex=5\quad\btd=12\quad\hrt=\fbox{\strut~~~~~}$%
}
\end{document}