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pgfplots

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pgfplots

考虑以下情况。我有三个图，它们的轴基本上相同，我想将它们并排放置。由于为每个图重复轴标签没有意​​义，所以只有中间的图有 x 轴标签，而外面的图没有。我现在想做的是将这两个图相对于另一个图放置，以便它们正确对齐。但是，我无法将三个不同的数据可视化放在一个 tikz 图片中，因为我不知道如何正确放置它们。如果我把它们放在不同的tikzpicture环境中，我就无法访问其他环境中的节点或坐标。我知道我可以将三个不同的图嵌套在另一个图中tikzpicture，但我想避免这种情况。有没有解决方案可以在一个环境中完成所有操作tikzpicture？

编辑

我的实际目标是不要通过反复试验来实现，因为这是我以前实现的方法。 pgf 手册中提到，有一个预定义的节点data visualization bounding box。我希望能够使用它来对齐图形，但不知道数据可视化如何将其作为参数。或者是否有另一种使用节点的可能性？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization} %for graphs and pictures
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization.formats.functions} %for graphs and pictures
%
\begin{document}
%
\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={{$x^2$}}},
        visualize as smooth line=one,
        one={style={blue}}
        ]
    data [set=one, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x ;
    };  
\end{tikzpicture}%
%
\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={x}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=two,
        two={style={green}}
        ]
    data [set=two, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x/5;
    };  
\end{tikzpicture}%
%
\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=three,
        three={style={red}}
        ]
    data [set=three, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x * \value x/25;
    };  
\end{tikzpicture}% 
\vspace{1cm}

\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={{$x^2$}}},
        visualize as smooth line=one,
        one={style={blue}}
        ]
    data [set=one, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x ;
    };  
    %
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={x}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=two,
        two={style={green}}
        ]
    data [set=two, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x/5;
    };  
 %
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=three,
        three={style={red}}
        ]
    data [set=three, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x * \value x/25;
    };  
\end{tikzpicture}% 
\end{document}

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在此处输入图片描述

编辑2

我已经使用该[baseline,remember picture]选项在我的文档中实现了建议的解决方案，但现在出现了问题，即此选项导致我的子图标签混乱。:-/ 有没有更清洁的解决方案？

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization} %for graphs and pictures
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization.formats.functions} %for graphs and pictures
\usepackage{subfigure}
%
\begin{document}
%
\begin{figure}%
    \subfigure[]{
        \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture]
                \datavisualization [
                        scientific axes,
                        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
                        y axis = {label={{$x^2$}}},
                        visualize as smooth line=one,
                        one={style={blue}}
                        ]
                data [set=one, format=function] {
                var x : interval [-3:5];
                func y = \value x ;
                };  
        \end{tikzpicture}%
    }
        %
    \subfigure[]{
        \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture]
                \datavisualization [
                        scientific axes,
                        x axis = {label={x}, length=2.5cm},
                        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
                        visualize as smooth line=two,
                        two={style={green}}
                        ]
                data [set=two, format=function] {
                var x : interval [-3:5];
                func y = \value x * \value x/5;
                };  
        \end{tikzpicture}%
    }
        %
    \subfigure[]{
        \begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture] 
                \datavisualization [
                        scientific axes,
                        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
                        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
                        visualize as smooth line=three,
                        three={style={red}}
                        ]
                data [set=three, format=function] {
                var x : interval [-3:5];
                func y = \value x * \value x * \value x/25;
                };  
        \end{tikzpicture}%
    }
%
\end{figure}
\end{document}

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答案1

这种方法不使用单个tikzpicture，但无论如何它可能对您有用。

您可以使用选项访问单独的节点tikzpicture，并通过将选项传递给remember picture轻松对齐轴。baselinetikzpicture

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization} %for graphs and pictures
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization.formats.functions} %for graphs and pictures
%
\begin{document}
%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture]
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={{$x^2$}}},
        visualize as smooth line=one,
        one={style={blue}}
        ]
    data [set=one, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x ;
    }
    info{
    \node(a) at (visualization cs: x=0, y=2) {a};
    };
\end{tikzpicture}%
%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture]
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={x}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=two,
        two={style={green}}
        ]
    data [set=two, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x/5;
    }
    info{
    \node(b) at (visualization cs: x=2, y=-1) {b};
    }; 
\end{tikzpicture}
%
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture]
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=three,
        three={style={red}}
        ]
    data [set=three, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x * \value x/25;
    };  
\end{tikzpicture}% 
%
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
\draw[->,orange,bend left](b) to (a);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

对编辑 2 的回应

自从subfigure 包已弃用，您能改成 吗subcaption？如果可以，下面的方法似乎可行，但是您必须将标题放在ssubcaptionbox下面的 es中subfigure。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization} %for graphs and pictures
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization.formats.functions} %for graphs and pictures
\usepackage{subcaption}
%
\begin{document}
%
\begin{figure}%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\linewidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture]
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={{$x^2$}}},
        visualize as smooth line=one,
        one={style={blue}}
        ]
    data [set=one, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x ;
    }
    info{
    \node(a) at (visualization cs: x=0, y=2) {a};
    };
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{subfigure}%
%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\linewidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture]
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={x}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=two,
        two={style={green}}
        ]
    data [set=two, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x/5;
    }
    info{
    \node(b) at (visualization cs: x=2, y=-1) {b};
    }; 
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{subfigure}%
%
\begin{subfigure}[t]{0.33\linewidth}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline,remember picture] 
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=three,
        three={style={red}}
        ]
    data [set=three, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x * \value x/25;
    };  
\end{tikzpicture}%
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]
    \draw[->,orange,bend left](b) to (a);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{subfigure}%

\subcaptionbox{Caption for foo \label{fig:foo}}[0.33\linewidth]{}%
\subcaptionbox{Caption for bar \label{fig:bar}}[0.33\linewidth]{}%
\subcaptionbox{Caption for baz \label{fig:baz}}[0.33\linewidth]{}%
\caption{Caption for figure \label{fig:whole}}
\end{figure}

References to subfigures \subref{fig:foo}, \subref{fig:bar}, and \subref{fig:baz} in Fig.~\ref{fig:whole}.
\end{document}

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答案2

xshift，yshift并且shift似乎可以作为 的参数\datavisualization。确实需要反复试验才能找到有用的移位长度，但这是一种选择。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization} %for graphs and pictures
\usetikzlibrary{datavisualization.formats.functions} %for graphs and pictures
%
\begin{document}
%
\begin{tikzpicture} 
    \datavisualization [
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={{$x^2$}}},
        visualize as smooth line=one,
        one={style={blue}}
        ]
    data [set=one, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x ;
    };  

    \datavisualization [shift={(3.25,0)},
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={$x$}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=two,
        two={style={green}}
        ]
    data [set=two, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x/5;
    };  

    \datavisualization [shift={(6.5,0)},
        scientific axes,
        x axis = {label={}, length=2.5cm},
        y axis = {label={}, include value=-3},
        visualize as smooth line=three,
        three={style={red}}
        ]
    data [set=three, format=function] {
    var x : interval [-3:5];
    func y = \value x * \value x * \value x/25;
    };  
\end{tikzpicture}% 
\end{document}

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pgfplots

作为参考，pgfplots有一个名为的库groupplots对此类事情很有用。下面是一个简单的示例。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{groupplots}
\begin{document}
%
\begin{tikzpicture} 
\begin{groupplot}[
   group style={
     group size=3 by 1,
     y descriptions at=edge left,
     horizontal sep=3pt
     },
   width=0.3\linewidth,
   height=0.35\linewidth,
   no markers,
   domain=-3:5,
   ymin=-3,ymax=5,
   enlargelimits=false
]
\nextgroupplot[ylabel=$x^2$]
\addplot {x};

\nextgroupplot[xlabel=$x$]
\addplot [green] {x^2/5};

\nextgroupplot
\addplot [red] {x^3/25};

\end{groupplot}
\end{tikzpicture}% 
\end{document}

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