答案1
这是一个解决方案。
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mwe}% just for the example
\usepackage{linegoal}
\newcommand{\mycaption}[1]{%
\refstepcounter{figure}%
\addcontentsline{lof}{figure}{\protect\numberline{\thefigure}{\ignorespaces #1}}
\quad\parbox[b]{\linegoal}{#1}}
\begin{document}
\listoffigures
\begin{itemize}
\item \includegraphics[scale=.15]{example-image} \mycaption{caption}
\item \includegraphics[scale=.2]{example-image} \mycaption{an other caption}
\end{itemize}
\end{document}