如何选择方程编号的位置?

如何选择方程编号的位置?

公式编号的位置是自动放置的。如何选择它的位置?例如,在附图中,索引 G.13 出现在底部,我该如何将其放在第二行?我尝试使用 \nonumber,但没有成功。在此处输入图片描述

代码:

\begin{equation}\begin{split}
&\widetilde{K}(x_{\perp},\, y_{\perp},\, z_{\perp},\, z_{\perp}^{\prime})\,=\,\frac{\alpha_{s}^{2}}{16\pi^{4}\left((X^{\prime})^{2}Y^{2}-X^{2}(Y^{\prime})^{2}\right)}\left(\frac{(Y^{\prime})^{2}}{Z^{2}}-\frac{(Y^{\prime})^{4}X^{2}}{(X^{\prime})^{2}Z^{2}Y^{2}}-\frac{Y^{4}(X^{\prime})^{2}}{Z^{2}X^{2}(Y^{\prime})^{2}}+\frac{Y^{2}}{Z^{2}}\right.\\
&+\frac{(X^{\prime})^{2}Y^{2}}{Z^{2}(Y^{\prime})^{2}}-\frac{X^{2}}{Z^{2}}-\frac{(X^{\prime})^{2}}{Z^{2}}+\frac{X^{2}(Y^{\prime})^{2}}{Z^{2}Y^{2}}+\frac{(X^{\prime})^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}Z^{2}}-\frac{(Y^{\prime})^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{Z^{2}Y^{2}}-\frac{Y^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{Z^{2}(Y^{\prime})^{2}}\\
&\left.+\frac{X^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{(X^{\prime})^{2}Z^{2}}+\frac{Y^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}(Y^{\prime})^{2}}-\frac{(X-Y)^{2}}{(X^{\prime})^{2}}-\frac{(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}}+\frac{(Y^{\prime})^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{(X^{\prime})^{2}Y^{2}}\right)\ln\left(\frac{X^{2}}{(X^{\prime})^{2}}\right)+\left(x_{\perp}\leftrightarrow y_{\perp}\right),\\
\end{split}\end{equation}

答案1

我建议使用以下三种解决方案之一:

要么使用fleqn来自 的环境nccmath,它将方程式对齐在左边距,要么使用 `aligned 环境。它需要 $4$ 行才能将方程式放在边距之间。

或者使用flalign中的环境amsmath。它只需要 $3$ 行,并将标签放置在中间行,在第一行和最后一行使用 `\notag。

或者使用split环境,和\mathrlap作为第三行的结尾,这有点太长了,而它不需要方程编号的空间。我还简化了您的代码,(…^{\prime})^2用一个简单的替换…'^2,并且为了获得更好的间距,我将许多对替换\left( … \right)\biggl( … \biggr),或( … ),如果它们不是必需的。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[showframe]{geometry}%
 \usepackage{mathtools, nccmath}

\begin{document}

\mbox{}
  \begin{equation}
    \begin{aligned}\widetilde{K}(x_{ ⊥ },\, y_{ ⊥ },\, z_{ ⊥ },\, z_{ ⊥ }^{\prime}) = {} & \frac{\alpha_{s}^{2}}{16\pi^{4}(X'^{2}Y^{2}-X^{2}Y'^{2})} \biggl[\frac{Y'^{2}}{Z^{2}}-\frac{Y'^{4}X^{2}}{X'^{2}Z^{2}Y^{2}} - \frac{Y^{4}X'^{2}}{Z^{2}X^{2}Y'^{2}} \\%
          & + \frac{Y^{2}}{Z^{2}} + \frac{X'^{2}Y^{2}}{Z^{2}Y'^{2}} - \frac{X^{2}}{Z^{2}} - \frac{X'^{2}}{Z^{2}} + \frac{X^{2}Y'^{2}}{Z^{2}Y^{2}} + \frac{X'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}Z^{2}} \\ %
          & - \frac{Y'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{Z^{2}Y^{2}} - \frac{Y^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{Z^{2}Y'^{2}} +\frac{X^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}Z^{2}}+\frac{Y^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}Y'^{2}} \\
          & - \frac{(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}} - \frac{(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}} + \frac{Y'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}Y^{2}}\biggr] \ln\biggl(\frac{X^{2}}{X'^{2}}\biggr) + (x_{ ⊥ }\leftrightarrow y_{ ⊥ }),
      \end{aligned}
    \end{equation}
    \bigskip

    \begin{flalign} & \widetilde{K}(x_{ ⊥ } ,\, y_{ ⊥ },\, z_{ ⊥ },\, z_{ ⊥ }') = \frac{\alpha_{s}^{2}}{16\pi^{4}(X'^{2}Y^{2}-X^{2}Y'^{2})} \left[\frac{Y'^{2}}{Z^{2}}-\frac{Y'^{4}X^{2}}{X'^{2}Z^{2}Y^{2}} - \frac{Y^{4}X'^{2}}{Z^{2}X^{2}Y'^{2}} + \frac{Y^{2}}{Z^{2}} \right. \notag\\%
        & + \frac{X'^{2}Y^{2}}{Z^{2}Y'^{2}} - \frac{X^{2}}{Z^{2}} - \frac{X'^{2}}{Z^{2}} + \frac{X^{2}Y'^{2}}{Z^{2}Y^{2}} + \frac{X'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}Z^{2}} - \frac{Y'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{Z^{2}Y^{2}} - \frac{Y^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{Z^{2}Y'^{2}} \\ %
      & +\frac{X^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}Z^{2}}+\frac{Y^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}Y'^{2}} -\frac{(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}}-\frac{(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}}+ \frac{Y'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}Y^{2}}\biggr]\!\ln\biggl(\frac{X^{2}}{X'^{2}}\biggr)+(x_{ ⊥ }\leftrightarrow y_{ ⊥ }),\notag
    \end{flalign}
    \bigskip

    \begin{equation}
    \begin{split}
     & \widetilde{K}(x_{\perp},\, y_{\perp},\, z_{\perp},\, z_{\perp}^{\prime}) = \frac{\alpha_{s}^{2}}{16\pi^{4}(X'^{2}Y^{2}-X^{2}Y'^{2})}%
    \biggl[\frac{Y'^{2}}{Z^{2}}-\frac{Y'^{4}X^{2}}{X'^{2}Z^{2}Y^{2}}%
    -\frac{Y^{4}X'^{2}}{Z^{2}X^{2}Y'^{2}}\mathrlap{+\frac{Y^{2}}{Z^{2}}}\\
    {}+{} &\frac{X'^{2}Y^{2}}{Z^{2}Y'^{2}}-\frac{X^{2}}{Z^{2}}-\frac{X'^{2}}{Z^{2}}%
    +\frac{X^{2}Y'^{2}}{Z^{2}Y^{2}}+\frac{X'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}Z^{2}}%
    -\frac{Y'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{Z^{2}Y^{2}}-\frac{Y^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{Z^{2}Y'^{2}}\\
    {}+{} &\frac{X^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}Z^{2}}+\frac{Y^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}Y'^{2}}%
    -\frac{(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}}-\frac{(X-Y)^{2}}{X^{2}}%
    +\frac{Y'^{2}(X-Y)^{2}}{X'^{2}Y^{2}}\biggr]\!\ln\biggl(\frac{X^{2}}{X'^{2}}\biggr)%
    +(x_{\perp}\mathrlap{\leftrightarrow y_{\perp}),}
    \end{split}
    \end{equation}

\end{document} 

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

align我将使用来自的环境来排版数学包。默认情况下,这会在每一行上放置一个方程编号,但您可以通过在标记每行结尾\notag之前添加来关闭此功能。\\

这可能是个人问题,但我不喜欢使用,\left(...\right)因为我认为大多数情况下这会导致过大的分隔符。相反,我使用\bigl\Bigl\biggl\Biggl、 ... 中的一个,\Biggr因为它们可以更好地控制括号的大小。无论如何,我认为你使用的\left\right太多了:)同样,我删除了所有的 ,\,因为 TeX 比我更了解排版数学,我更愿意相信它。我还会将项移动\ln到带有 的分子中\alpha_s^2

考虑到这一点,我会这样编写代码——请注意,我删除了许多不必要的括号等,因为这使其更容易阅读:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[hmargin=10mm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
  \begin{align}\notag
  \widetilde K(x_\perp,&y_\perp, z_\perp, z_\perp^\prime)
          =\frac{\alpha_s^2\ln\frac{X^2}{(X^\prime)^2}}{16\pi^4\bigl((X^\prime)^2Y^2-X^2(Y^\prime)^2\bigr)}
           \Bigl(\frac{(Y^\prime)^2}{Z^2}-\frac{(Y^\prime)^4X^2}{(X^\prime)^2Z^2Y^2}-\frac{Y^4(X^\prime)^2}{Z^2X^2(Y^\prime)^2}+\frac{Y^2}{Z^2}\\
  &+\frac{(X^\prime)^2Y^2}{Z^2(Y^\prime)^2}-\frac{X^2}{Z^2}-\frac{(X^\prime)^2}{Z^2}+\frac{X^2(Y^\prime)^2}{Z^2Y^2}+\frac{(X^\prime)^2(X-Y)^2}{X^2Z^2}-\frac{(Y^\prime)^2(X-Y)^2}{Z^2Y^2}-\frac{Y^2(X-Y)^2}{Z^2(Y^\prime)^2}\\\notag
  &+\frac{X^2(X-Y)^2}{(X^\prime)^2Z^2}+\frac{Y^2(X-Y)^2}{X^2(Y^\prime)^2}-\frac{(X-Y)^2}{(X^\prime)^2}-\frac{(X-Y)^2}{X^2}+\frac{(Y^\prime)^2(X-Y)^2}{(X^\prime)^2Y^2}\Bigr)+x_\perp\leftrightarrow y_\perp,\\\notag
  \end{align}
\end{document}

输出如下:

在此处输入图片描述

最后,你没有简化这个公式有什么原因吗?例如,有很多项以Z^2作为分母。

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