美化丑陋的禁忌表

Question

我使用 tabu 包来生成表格。tabu 包提供了一些很棒的功能，例如固定表格列宽，但我碰巧在较窄的页面列中有一些丑陋的表格。

\documentclass[10pt, twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{tabu}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{multirow}

\begin{document}  

\begin{table}[hbtp]
\caption{Strategies and tradeoff factors}\label{tab:factors}
\begin{tabu} to \linewidth{X[c] | X[c]X[c]X[c]X[c]X[c]}
\toprule
{\bf Strategy} & {\bf Size} & {\bf Energy} & {\bf Expressiveness} & {\bf Flexibility} & {\bf Data Quality} \\
\hline
HCHQ & $-$ & $-$ & + & + & + \\
LCLF & + & + & $-$ & $-$ & + \\
Tunable & + & + & + & + & $-$\\
Tunable with hints & + & + & + & + & + \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabu}
\end{table}      

\end{document}

我尝试了第二个版本：

\begin{table}[hbtp]
\caption{Strategies and tradeoff factors (E1 = Energy, E2 = Expressiveness, F = Flexibility, D = Data Quality)}\label{tab:factors}

\begin{tabu} to \linewidth{c | X[c]X[c]X[c]X[c]X[c]}
\toprule
{\bf Strategy} & {\bf Size} & {\bf E1} & {\bf E2} & {\bf F} & {\bf D} \\
\hline
HCHQ & $-$ & $-$ & + & + & + \\
LCLF & + & + & $-$ & $-$ & + \\
Tunable & + & + & + & + & $-$\\
Tunable with hints & + & + & + & + & + \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabu}
\end{table}

不过我觉得这个标签太长了，而且不好看。

有没有更好的方法可以让禁忌表看起来更好（使第一列稍微长一点，自动连字，通过连字在多行中居中等等）？

Answer 1

那么转置表格怎么样？

注意，我tabu用替换了 ，只是因为我根本tabularx不熟悉。tabu

\documentclass[10pt, twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{multirow}

\begin{document}  

\begin{table}[hbtp]
\caption{Strategies and tradeoff factors}\label{tab:factors}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{@{}l *4{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}@{}}
\toprule
    & \textbf{HCHQ} & \textbf{LCLF} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{\textbf{Tunable}} \\
    &      &      & w/o hints & with hints \\ \midrule
Size            & - & + & + & + \\
Energy          & - & + & + & + \\
Expressiveness  & + & - & + & + \\
Flexibility     & + & - & + & + \\
Data Quality    & + & + & - & + \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\end{document}

Answer 2

无需人为地放大表格。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs,caption,makecell}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}[hbtp]
\centering

\caption
 [Strategies and tradeoff factors]% for the list of figures
 {Strategies and tradeoff factors 
  (E1:~Energy; E2:~Expressiveness, 
  F:~Flexibility, D:~Data Quality)}
\label{tab:factors}

\begin{tabular} {@{}*{6}{c}@{}}
\toprule
\bfseries Strategy &
\bfseries Size &
\bfseries E1 &
\bfseries E2 &
\bfseries F &
\bfseries D \\
\midrule
HCHQ & $-$ & $-$ & + & + & + \\
\addlinespace
LCLF & + & + & $-$ & $-$ & + \\
\addlinespace
Tunable & + & + & + & + & $-$\\
\addlinespace
\makecell{Tunable \\ with hints} & + & + & + & + & + \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[hbtp]
\centering

\caption
 [Strategies and tradeoff factors]% for the list of figures
 {Strategies and tradeoff factors 
  (E1:~Energy; E2:~Expressiveness, 
  F:~Flexibility, D:~Data Quality)}
\label{tab:factors-2}

\begin{tabular} {@{}l*{5}{c}@{}}
\toprule
\multicolumn{1}{c}\bfseries Strategy} &
\bfseries Size &
\bfseries E1 &
\bfseries E2 &
\bfseries F &
\bfseries D \\
\midrule
HCHQ & $-$ & $-$ & + & + & + \\
LCLF & + & + & $-$ & $-$ & + \\
Tunable & + & + & + & + & $-$\\
Tunable with hints & + & + & + & + & + \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}