买者自负

Question

我有一个蕴涵环境impl，其计数器按预期工作（1、2……）。在后续章节中，我为每个蕴涵制定了一系列假设，并且我希望假设环境hypo能够识别它所属蕴涵的计数器。到目前为止，我拥有的是：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
%% Implications
\newcounter{implcounter}
\newenvironment{impl}{
\refstepcounter{implcounter}
\textbf{Implication \theimplcounter:}
}{\par} 

%% Hypotheses
\newcounter{hypcounter}
\newenvironment{hypo}{
\refstepcounter{hypcounter}
\textbf{Hypothesis \thehypcounter:}
}{\par}
\numberwithin{hypcounter}{implcounter}

\begin{document}

This is one implication:

\begin{impl} \label{impl:a}
    Hello
\end{impl}

This is another implication:

\begin{impl} 
    Bye bye
\end{impl}

But then:

\begin{hypo}
    Not the numberwithin I would like!
  % I would like for this to be implication 1.1
\end{hypo}

\end{document}

我想要一个hypo环境，其中的数字是 所引用的数字\label{impl:a}，在本例中为 1。

Answer 1

尝试这个：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
%% Implications
\newcounter{implcounter}
\newenvironment{impl}{
\refstepcounter{implcounter}
\textbf{Implication \theimplcounter:}
}{\par} 

%% Hypotheses
\newcounter{hypcounter}
\newenvironment{hypo}[1][\theimplcounter]{
\refstepcounter{hypcounter}
\textbf{Hypothesis #1.\thehypcounter:}
}{\par}


\begin{document}

This is one implication:

\begin{impl} \label{impl:a}
    Hello
\end{impl}

This is another implication:

\begin{impl} 
    Bye bye
\end{impl}

But then:

\begin{hypo}[\ref{impl:a}]
    Not the numberwithin I would like!
  % I would like for this to be implication 1.1
\end{hypo}


\end{document}

你只需要在你的环境中添加第二个参数（可选）来引用你选择引用的含义...如果你不提供参数，它将引用最后一个 impl

编辑：

你想要的可以这样做：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{verbatim}

\usepackage{refcount}
\usepackage{stringstrings}
\usepackage{xstring}





%% Implications
\newcounter{implcounter}
\newenvironment{impl}{
\refstepcounter{implcounter}
\textbf{Implication \theimplcounter:}
}{\par} 



%% Hypotheses
\makeatletter
\newcommand\andrea@test@count[1]{%
  \@ifundefined{c@#1}
    {% the counter doesn't exist so I define it
     \expandafter\newcounter{#1}
    }
    {% the counter exists and I do nothing
     \relax
    }%
}

\newenvironment{hypo}[1][\theimplcounter]{
\ifnum #1=\theimplcounter
{ %this is the default case for not given argument
  \andrea@test@count{counter\theimplcounter}
  \refstepcounter{counter\theimplcounter}
  \textbf{Hypothesis \theimplcounter.\csname thecounter\theimplcounter\endcsname:}
}
\else
{ %this is tha case with given argument
  \andrea@test@count{counter#1}
  \refstepcounter{counter#1}
  \textbf{Hypothesis #1.\csname thecounter#1\endcsname:}
}
\fi
}{\par}
\makeatother

\begin{document}

This is one implication:

\begin{impl} \label{impl:a}
    Hello this Implication has label \getrefnumber{impl:a}
\end{impl}\quad



This is another implication:

\begin{impl} \label{impl:b}
    Hello this Implication has label \getrefnumber{impl:b}
\end{impl}\quad

This is a third implication without label:

\begin{impl} 
    Bye bye
\end{impl}\quad




And then:\par




\begin{hypo}[\getrefnumber{impl:b}]
    This hypothesis is refered to label \getrefnumber{impl:b}.
    So I want 2.1
\end{hypo}\quad


\begin{hypo}
    This Hypothesis is refered to no label.
    So I want it 3.1
\end{hypo}\quad


\begin{hypo}[\getrefnumber{impl:a}]
    This hypothesis is refered to label \getrefnumber{impl:a}.
    I want it 1.1
\end{hypo}\quad

\begin{hypo}[\getrefnumber{impl:a}]
    This hypothesis is refered to label \getrefnumber{impl:a}.
    I want 1.2
\end{hypo}\quad

\begin{hypo}
  This last hypothesis has no label. So I want it 3.2
\end{hypo}



\end{document}

您将获得以下结果：

Answer 2

这是基于Christian Hupfer 的回答但会尝试遵守使用expl3代码的准则，并在未定义隐含上下文的情况下发出警告。

它将两个环境重新实现为函数的xparse包装器expl3，这些函数遵循标准语法。它还\cs_new_protected_nopar优先使用\cs_new，并尽可能尝试使用更高效的选项来处理属性列表。

该实现不再依赖于LaTeX 2e 提供的\label/\ref系统。相反，标签可以作为impl环境的可选参数给出，并且必须作为环境的强制参数给出hypo。

使用两个属性列表：每种环境类型一个。如果未定义隐含上下文，则输出中将使用零，并将警告和详细信息写入控制台。

据我了解，一个标准是，用户级命令和环境应该使用\NewDocumentEnvironmentetc. 而不是\newenvironmentetc. 来定义，并且这应该是简单解析用户输入并将其传递给低级expl3函数的最小包装器。

然而，我不确定我是否理解得正确，尤其是因为人们似乎通常不这样做。所以这可能完全是错的。

买者自负

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{xparse}

% based on ateb Christian Hupfer: https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/375209/
\ExplSyntaxOn

\prop_new:N \g_milo_hypcounter_prop
\prop_new:N \g_milo_implcounter_prop

% these are the counters
\int_new:N \g_milo_hypo_int
\int_new:N \g_milo_impl_int

\msg_new:nnn { milo } { undef }
{
  milo ~::~reference~#1~is~unknown.~0~will~be~used~instead.~\msg_line_context:.
}

\cs_new_protected_nopar:Nn \milo_storehypcounter:n {
  \prop_gput:Nnx \g_milo_implcounter_prop { #1 } { \int_to_arabic:n { \g_milo_impl_int } }
  \prop_gput:Nnn \g_milo_hypcounter_prop { #1 } { 0 }
}

\cs_new_protected_nopar:Nn \milo_extracthypcounter:n {
  \prop_get:NnNTF \g_milo_implcounter_prop { #1 } \l_tmpa_tl
  {
    \l_tmpa_tl
  }
  {
    0
    \msg_warning:nnn { milo } { undef } { #1 }
  }
  .
  \prop_get:NnNTF \g_milo_hypcounter_prop { #1 } \l_tmpa_tl
  {
    \prop_gput:Nnx \g_milo_hypcounter_prop { #1 } { \int_eval:n { \l_tmpa_tl + 1 } }
    \prop_item:Nn \g_milo_hypcounter_prop { #1 }
  }
  {
    0
    \msg_warning:nnn { milo } { undef } { #1 }
  }
}

\NewDocumentEnvironment { impl } { o }
{
  \int_gincr:N \g_milo_impl_int
  \IfValueT { #1 }
  {
    \milo_storehypcounter:n { #1 }
  }
  \textbf{Implication ~ \int_to_arabic:n {\g_milo_impl_int} : }
}{
  \par
}

\NewDocumentEnvironment { hypo } { m }
{
  \textbf{ Hypothesis ~ \milo_extracthypcounter:n { #1 } }
}{
  \par
}

\ExplSyntaxOff

\begin{document}

This is one implication:

\begin{impl}[impl:a]
  Hello
\end{impl}

This is another implication:

\begin{impl}[impl:b]
  Bye bye
\end{impl}

But then:

\begin{hypo}{impl:a}
  Foo a
\end{hypo}

\begin{hypo}{impl:a}
  Impl a cont.
\end{hypo}

\begin{hypo}{impl:b}
  Foo b
\end{hypo}

\begin{hypo}{impl:a}
  Foo a cont.
\end{hypo}

\begin{hypo}{impl:u}
  Undefined case.
\end{hypo}

\end{document}

请注意，最后一种情况未定义，因此会产生警告和零：

Answer 3

以下是使用类似于属性列表的一种方法：

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{xfp}

%% Implications
\newcounter{implcounter}
\newenvironment{impl}{%
  \par\noindent
  \refstepcounter{implcounter}%
  \textbf{Implication \theimplcounter:}%
  }{\par} 

%% Hypotheses
\makeatletter
\newenvironment{hypo}[1]{%
  \par\noindent
  \ifcsname c@impl@#1\endcsname\else
    \@namedef{c@impl@#1}{0}% First hypothesis for implication #1
  \fi
  \begingroup\edef\x{\endgroup
    \noexpand\global\noexpand\@namedef{c@impl@#1}{\noexpand\fpeval{\csname c@impl@#1\endcsname+1}}}\x% Increment hypothesis
  \textbf{Hypothesis \ref{#1}.\csname c@impl@#1\endcsname:}%
  }{\par}
\makeatother

\begin{document}

This is one implication:

\begin{impl} \label{impl:a}
    Hello
\end{impl}

This is another implication:

\begin{impl}  \label{impl:b}
    Bye bye
\end{impl}

But then:

\begin{hypo}{impl:a}
  Foo a
\end{hypo}

\begin{hypo}{impl:a}
Impl a cont. 
\end{hypo}

\begin{hypo}{impl:b}
Foo b
\end{hypo}

\begin{hypo}{impl:a}
Foo a cont. 
\end{hypo}

\end{document}

Answer 4

出于某种原因，这个问题参考计数器被标记为该帖的重复帖。

您可以在那里阅读：

---

这当然是一个愚蠢的问题。我有一个 newcounter 定义，即

\newcounter{sharc}

如何使用 label/ref 之类的命令调用该计数器的特定值？

示例

blabla  `\thesharc`  blala
blabla  `\thesharc`  blabla
blabla  `\thesharc`  blabla <- I want to refer to this value
blabla  `\thesharc`  blabla

---

在 StackExchange 中查找标记为重复的问题及其答案似乎并不容易。因此，我也在这里发布了我对这个问题的回答：

---

“引用一个值”是什么意思？

您是否希望仅获取阿拉伯数字的简单计数器值，即使所讨论的计数器从属于其他计数器，因此\the<counter>定义为在打印值时添加任何前缀并应用任何格式？

如果使用超链接-包裹？

是因为它可能。

为了仅获取最后一个计数器的阿拉伯数字纯值，该计数器通过\refstepcounterHeiko Oberdiek 的参考值包可能会引起人们的兴趣。
（在 LaTeX 的几乎所有文档类的分段命令中，\refstepcounter都用于步进计数器。这是因为\refstepcounter宏使计数器的值可用于\label..\ref机制。）

\the<counter>为了在没有超链接的情况下获得扩展，超链接捆绑/包正在使用中，Heiko Oberdiek 的引用计数包可能会引起你的兴趣。

（下面的例子需要至少编译两次/需要至少两次 LaTeX 运行，其间不删除辅助文件。）

\documentclass[a4paper]{article}

% --- Layout of MWE.Has nothing to do with
%     referencing-techniques.
\setlength\textwidth{\paperwidth}
\setlength\oddsidemargin{1.5cm}
\setlength\marginparwidth{\oddsidemargin}
\addtolength\marginparwidth{-2\marginparsep}%
\setlength\topmargin{\oddsidemargin}
\addtolength\textwidth{-1.5\oddsidemargin}
\addtolength\oddsidemargin{-1in}
\addtolength\oddsidemargin{-\hoffset}
\setlength\evensidemargin{\oddsidemargin}
\setlength\textheight\paperheight
\setlength\footnotesep{.333\topmargin}
\addtolength\textheight{-2\topmargin}
\addtolength\topmargin{-1in}
\addtolength\topmargin{-\voffset}
\setlength\headheight{0ex}
\setlength\headsep{0ex}
\pagestyle{empty}
\parindent=0ex
\parskip=.85\ht\strutbox
\topskip=0ex
% --- Layout done. ---

\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage[counter,user]{zref}
\usepackage{refcount}
\makeatletter
%% This will establish a new zref-property holding just the
%% plain value of the counter that was \refstep'ped as the
%% last one in arabic numerals:
%% (\refstepcounter is used internally by all the 
%%   sectioning-commands of LaTeX-documentclasses.)
\zref@newprop{MyPlainCntValue}{\the\value{\zref@getcurrent{counter}}}%
%
%% This will place both a normal label and a zref-label.
%% The zref-label will store the value of the new property.
%% Both kinds of labels are needed as zref does not yet
%% have hyperref-features.
\newcommand\Mylabel[1]{%
  \zref@labelbyprops{#1}{MyPlainCntValue}%
  \label{#1}%
}%
%
%% This is used for referencing saved MyPlainCntValue-property-values 
%% of zref-labels:
\newcommand\MyPlainCntValueRef[1]{%
   \zref[MyPlainCntValue]{#1}%
}%
\makeatother

\newcounter{sharc}[section]
\renewcommand\thesharc{\thesection.\arabic{sharc}}

\begin{document}

\section{Within the preamble define the label-placement- and
         referencing-macros for referencing the plain values
         of counters in arabic numerals.}
\begin{verbatim}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage[counter,user]{zref}
\usepackage{refcount}
\makeatletter
%% This will establish a new zref-property holding just the
%% plain value of the counter that was \refstep'ped as the
%% last one in arabic numerals:
%% (\refstepcounter is used internally by all the 
%%   sectioning-commands of LaTeX-documentclasses.)
\zref@newprop{MyPlainCntValue}{\the\value{\zref@getcurrent{counter}}}%
%
%% This will place both a normal label and a zref-label.
%% The zref-label will store the value of the new property.
%% Both kinds of labels are needed as zref does not yet
%% have hyperref-features.
\newcommand\Mylabel[1]{%
  \zref@labelbyprops{#1}{MyPlainCntValue}%
  \label{#1}%
}%
%
%% This is used for referencing saved MyPlainCntValue-property-values 
%% of zref-labels:
\newcommand\MyPlainCntValueRef[1]{%
   \zref[MyPlainCntValue]{#1}%
}%
\makeatother
\end{verbatim}

\section{Define the \texorpdfstring\texttt\empty{sharc}-counter 
         and just for fun bind it to the 
         \texorpdfstring\texttt\empty{section}-counter}
\begin{verbatim}
\newcounter{sharc}[section]
\renewcommand\thesharc{\thesection.\arabic{sharc}}
\end{verbatim}

\section{Within the document-environment step the
         \texorpdfstring\texttt\empty{sharc}-counter via
         \texorpdfstring{\protect\newline}\empty
         \texorpdfstring{\texttt{\string\refstepcounter}}%
         {\textbackslash refstepcounter}, 
         and via 
         \texorpdfstring{\texttt{\string\Mylabel}}%
         {\textbackslash Mylabel}
         place the referencing-labels.}%
(\verb|\refstepcounter| is used internally by all the 
sectioning-commands of \LaTeX-documentclasses.)

\verb|blabla \refstepcounter{sharc}\thesharc\ blabla|:\\
blabla \refstepcounter{sharc}\thesharc\ blabla

\verb|blabla \refstepcounter{sharc}\thesharc\ blabla|:\\
blabla \refstepcounter{sharc}\thesharc\ blabla

\verb|blabla \refstepcounter{sharc}\thesharc\Mylabel{INeedReferenceToThis} blabla|:\\
blabla \refstepcounter{sharc}\thesharc\Mylabel{INeedReferenceToThis} blabla 
\\\emph{(This is to be referenced/linked. Therefore the}
\verb|\Mylabel|\emph{-command was used for placing both a
normal label and a} \textsf{\textbf{zref}}\emph{-label.
For testing the links view the resulting pdf at a
magnification/zoom-factor where scrolling within the window
where the pdf is displayed is needed.)}

\verb|blabla \refstepcounter{sharc}\thesharc\ blabla|:\\
blabla \refstepcounter{sharc}\thesharc\ blabla

\newpage
\section{Referencing the label}%

\verb|\ref{INeedReferenceToThis}| 

yields:

\ref{INeedReferenceToThis}

{(\verb|\ref| comes from the \LaTeXe-kernel but may be 
redefined by some package. This produces the number with all 
prefixes from other counters. When using the 
\textsf{\textbf{hyperref}}-bundle, this also does
produce a hyperlink to the anchor automatically produced by 
\verb|\refstepcounter|.)}

\hrulefill

\verb|\makeatletter|\\
\verb|\getrefbykeydefault{INeedReferenceToThis}%|\\
\verb|                   {}%|\\
\verb|                   {\refused{INeedReferenceToThis}\nfss@text{\reset@font\bfseries??}}%|\\
\verb|\makeatother|

yields:

\makeatletter
\getrefbykeydefault{INeedReferenceToThis}%
                   {}%
                   {\refused{INeedReferenceToThis}\nfss@text{\reset@font\bfseries??}}%
\makeatother

{(\verb|\getrefbykeydefault| comes from the 
\textsf{\textbf{refcount}}-package. This produces the number 
with all prefixes from other counters. Even when using the
\textsf{\textbf{hyperref}}-bundle, this does not produce a
hyperlink to the anchor automatically produced by 
\verb|\refstepcounter|.)}

\hrulefill

\verb|\MyPlainCntValueRef{INeedReferenceToThis}|

yields:

\MyPlainCntValueRef{INeedReferenceToThis}

{(\verb|\MyPlainCntValueRef| is defined by
means of macros from the \textsf{\textbf{zref}}-package.
This produces just the plain number in arabic numerals without
any prefixes from other counters. Even when using the 
\textsf{\textbf{hyperref}}-bundle, this does not produce
a hyperlink to the anchor automatically produced by 
\verb|\refstepcounter|.)}

\hrulefill

\verb|\hyperref[INeedReferenceToThis]{\MyPlainCntValueRef{INeedReferenceToThis}}| 

yields:

\hyperref[INeedReferenceToThis]{\MyPlainCntValueRef{INeedReferenceToThis}}

{\sloppy(\verb|\hyperref| comes from the
\textsf{\textbf{hyperref}}-bundle. Therefore this only works
when the \textsf{\textbf{hyperref}}-bundle is loaded.
\verb|\MyPlainCntValueRef| is defined by means of macros 
from the \textsf{\textbf{zref}}-package. This produces just
the plain number in arabic numerals without any prefixes from
other counters. This does also produce a hyperlink to the
anchor automatically produced by 
\verb|\refstepcounter|.)

}
\hrulefill

In expansion contexts you can use \textsf{\textbf{zref}}'s \verb|\zref@extractdefault|
for obtaining just the plain number - here the plain number delivered by 
\verb|\zref@extractdefault| will be used by \verb|\romannumeral| for delivering
roman numerals instead of arabic numerals:

\verb|\makeatletter|\\
\verb|\expandafter\@firstofone|\\
\verb|\expandafter{%|\\
\verb|  \romannumeral|\\
\verb|  \zref@extractdefault{INeedReferenceToThis}%|\\
\verb|                      {MyPlainCntValue}%|\\
\verb|                      {0 \zref@refused{INeedReferenceToThis}\nfss@text{\reset@font\bfseries??}}%|\\
\verb|}%|\\
\verb|\makeatother|

yields:

\makeatletter
\expandafter\@firstofone
\expandafter{%
  \romannumeral
  \zref@extractdefault{INeedReferenceToThis}%
                      {MyPlainCntValue}%
                      {0 \zref@refused{INeedReferenceToThis}\nfss@text{\reset@font\bfseries??}}%
}%
\makeatother

\end{document}