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在流程图中添加虚线框

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf flow-charts
在流程图中添加虚线框

以上就是我想要画的三张流程图，存在一些问题：

  1. 如何在第三张图片中添加Dashed Box和。Cross

  2. Bond worth P我不知道如何在第一张图片中添加矩形。

在此处输入图片描述

\documentclass[UTF8]{ctexart}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric, arrows,calc,decorations.markings}
\tikzset{
    process/.style={
        text width=2.5cm, draw,
        minimum height=1.6cm,
        text centered,
        },
    process1/.style={
        text width=2.5cm, draw,
        minimum height=0.8cm,
        text centered,
        },
    description/.style={
        text centered,
        text width=10cm,
    },
    myarrow/.style={
        postaction={
            decorate, decoration={
                markings,mark=at position #1 with {\arrow{Stealth};
                }
            }
        }
    },
}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\AtBeginEnvironment{tikzpicture}{\singlespacing}

\begin{document}

\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[process] (p1) {Default\\ protection\\ buyer};
    \node[process, right=10em of p1]  (p2) {Default\\ protection\\ seller};

    \draw[-Stealth, line width=1pt] ([yshift=-8ex, xshift=8ex]p2.west) -- node[description, above] {100} ([yshift=-8ex, xshift=-8ex]p1.east);
    \draw [-Stealth, line width=1pt]([yshift= 8ex,xshift=0.5cm]$(p1)$) --node[midway] (Rect){}([yshift=8ex,xshift=-.5cm]$(p2)$);
    \draw[fill=white] ($(Rect)+(-1.5,-0.7)$)rectangle($(Rect)+(1.5,0.7)$) node[midway] (Text){};
    \node at (Text) {\begin{minipage}{3cm}\centering
             Bond\\ worth P
          \end{minipage}};
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[process] (p1) {Asset Swap\\ Seller};
    \node[process, right=8em of p1]  (p2) {Asset Swap\\ Buyer};
    \node[process1, right=4em of p2]  (p3) {Bond};

    \draw[-Stealth] ([yshift=2ex]p1.east) -- node[description, above] {C} ([yshift=2ex]p2.west);
    \draw[-Stealth] ([yshift=-2ex]p2.west) -- node[description, below] {LIBOR + S} ([yshift=-2ex]p1.east);
    \draw[-Stealth] (p3.west) -- node[description, below] {C} (p2.east);
    \draw[dashed] ($(p1)+(-1.8,-1)$)rectangle($(p2)+(1.8,1)$);
    \draw[ultra thick] ($(p3)+(-1.7,-0.8)$)--($(p3)+(1.7,0.8)$);
    \draw[ultra thick] ($(p3)+(-1.7,0.8)$)--($(p3)+(1.7,-0.8)$);

    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\end{document}

答案1

像这样：

在此处输入图片描述

编辑： 与您的代码相比，我做了以下更改，这使得代码更清晰、易于理解和简洁：

  • 已tikzlibrary添加库fit、、和已删除未在此图像中使用的positioning库quotesshapes.misc
  • tikz使用的语法是正确的
  • 使用文档类article与包结合geometry而不是ctexart。这不会影响图像设计和可用性。
  • 为流程图中所有框定义了新的通用样式，可以自动将文本分成更多行，节点周围有阴影，并具有确定节点宽度的选项（这样，所有使用的迷你页面都变得多余）
  • 为了虚线框围绕“和”资产交换买方“我定义了新的节点样式fbox（作为框架框），它通过使用 tikz 库进行定位fit
  • 为了划掉一个节点，使用库定义了新的框样式shapes.misc
  • 对于节点的定位使用库positioning，对于节点之间的线确定辅助坐标（c，c1和c2），这简化了节点的绘制。
  • 对于线上的标签使用库quotes
  • 我没有在你的文档中考虑行距。你的解决方案可以毫无问题地与此代码配合使用

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, fit, positioning, quotes,
                shadows, shapes.geometric, shapes.misc}

\tikzset{FlowChart/.style =
{
  box/.style = {rectangle, draw, fill=white,
               text width=##1, minimum height=8mm, align=center,
               inner sep=2mm, outer sep=0mm,
               drop shadow={shadow xshift=2mm, shadow yshift=-2mm}
               },
box/.default = 22mm,
 cbox/.style = {cross out=1m, draw, very thick,
                inner sep=3mm, node contents={}},
 fbox/.style = {rectangle, draw, densely dashed, inner sep=4mm},
   LA/.style = {semithick, -Triangle}
}
        }

\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
some text
\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[FlowChart,
node distance = 0mm and 8mm
                        ]
\node (p1) [box] {Asset Swap Seller};
\node (p2) [box=32mm, above right=of p1] {Bond\\ worth P};
\node (p3) [box, below right=of p2] {Asset Swap Buyer};
%
\draw [LA]  (p1 |- p2) -- (p2)
            (p2) -- (p2 -| p3);
%
\coordinate[below=4mm of p1.south] (c);
\draw [LA]  (p3.south |- c) to ["100"]  (c);
% fake node,
\node[right=38mm of p3.east] {};
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
some text
\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[FlowChart,
node distance = 0mm and 8mm
                        ]
\node (p1) [box] {Asset Swap Seller};
\node (p2) [box, right=48mm of p1] {Asset Swap Buyer};
\node (p3) [box, right=16mm of p2] {Bond};
%
\node (p4) [fbox, fit=(p1) (p2)]  {};
%
\coordinate[above=2mm of p1.east] (c1);
\coordinate[below=2mm of p1.east] (c2);
\draw [LA]  (c1 -| p2.west) to ["C" '] (c1);
\draw [LA]  (c2) to ["LIBOR + C" '] (c2 -| p2.west);
%
\draw [LA,very thick]  (p3) to ["C" ']  (p2);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
some text
\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[FlowChart,
node distance = 0mm and 8mm
                        ]
\node (p1) [box] {Asset Swap Seller};
\node (p2) [box, right=48mm of p1] {Asset Swap Buyer};
\node (p3) [box, right=16mm of p2] {Bond};
%
\node (p4) [fbox, fit=(p1) (p2)]  {};
\node      [cbox, fit=(p3)];
%
\coordinate[above=2mm of p1.east] (c1);
\coordinate[below=2mm of p1.east] (c2);
\draw [LA]  (c1 -| p2.west) to ["C" '] (c1);
\draw [LA]  (c2) to ["LIBOR + C" '] (c2 -| p2.west);
%
\draw [LA,very thick]  (p3) to ["C" ']  (p2);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}
some text
\end{document}

答案2

使用新样式进行编辑并添加阴影：

您需要的都在这里：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{decorations.markings,calc}
\tikzset{
    process/.style={
        inner sep=0,
        text width=2.5cm, draw,
        minimum height=1.6cm,
        text centered,
        },
    process1/.style={
        text width=2.5cm, draw,
        minimum height=0.8cm,
        text centered,
        },
    description/.style={
        text centered,
        text width=10cm,
    },
    myarrow/.style={
        postaction={
            decorate, decoration={
                markings,mark=at position #1 with {\arrow{Stealth};
                }
            }
        }
    },
}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\AtBeginEnvironment{tikzpicture}{\singlespacing}

\begin{document}

\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[black!20!white] ($(-1.25,-0.8)+(0.25,-0.2)$)rectangle($(1.25,0.8)+(0.25,-0.2)$);
    \node[process,fill=white](p1) at(0,0) {Default\\ protection\\ buyer};
    \fill[black!20!white] ($(7.25,-0.8)+(0.25,-0.2)$)rectangle($(9.75,0.8)+(0.25,-0.2)$);
    \node[process, right=6cm of p1,fill=white]  (p2) {Default\\ protection\\ seller};

    \fill[black!20!white] ($(2.95,0.4)+(0.25,-0.2)$)rectangle($(5.5,2.05)+(0.25,-0.2)$);
    \draw[-Stealth] ([yshift=8ex, xshift=-7ex]p1.east) -- node[process,fill=white] {90 basis points per year} ([yshift=8ex, xshift=7ex]p2.west);
    \draw[-Stealth, line width=1pt] ([yshift=-8ex, xshift=7ex]p2.west) -- node[description, above] {100} ([yshift=-8ex, xshift=-7ex]p1.east);

    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\begin{center}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
    \fill[black!20!white] ($(-1.25,-0.8)+(0.25,-0.2)$)rectangle($(1.25,0.8)+(0.25,-0.2)$);
    \node[process,fill=white] (p1) at (0,0) {Asset Swap\\ Seller};
    \fill[black!20!white] ($(4,-0.8)+(0.25,-0.2)$)rectangle($(6.6,0.8)+(0.25,-0.2)$);
    \node[process, right=8em of p1,fill=white]  (p2) {Asset Swap\\ Buyer};
    \fill[black!20!white] ($(8,-0.4)+(0.25,-0.2)$)rectangle($(10.7,0.4)+(0.25,-0.2)$);
    \node[process1, right=4em of p2,fill=white]  (p3) {Bond};

    \draw[-Stealth] ([yshift=2ex]p1.east) -- node[description, above] {C} ([yshift=2ex]p2.west);
    \draw[-Stealth] ([yshift=-2ex]p2.west) -- node[description, below] {LIBOR + S} ([yshift=-2ex]p1.east);
    \draw[-Stealth] (p3.west) -- node[description, below] {C} (p2.east);
    \draw[dashed] ($(p1.south west)-(1,0.5)$)rectangle($(p2.north east)+(1,0.5)$);
    \draw[ultra thick] ($(p3)-(1.2,-0.7)$)--($(p3)+(1.2,-0.7)$);
    \draw[ultra thick] ($(p3)-(1.2,0.7)$)--($(p3)+(1.2,0.7)$);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{center}

\end{document}

与上一个相比，新内容是，对于矩形，我们给出两个对角，并在它们之间加上矩形一词。（我将其填充为白色，以删除箭头的先前部分）。此外，虚线选项适用于矩形，也适用于线条。最后，将坐标添加到点上，可以使用已知坐标绘制线条或形状。

对于阴影来说，没有带有起点的代码会更容易，而移位并没有真正的帮助（right=of 和 right of 并不真正适合这种情况）

输出：

在此处输入图片描述

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