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笛卡尔坐标/笛卡尔平面

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笛卡尔坐标/笛卡尔平面

我设计了那个笛卡尔平面。

\documentclass[border=3]{standalone}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetkzobj{all}
\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    \tkzInit[xmin=-6,ymin=-6,xmax=6,ymax=6]
    \tkzAxeXY
    \tkzGrid
    \coordinate (a) at (2.0,0.0);
    \coordinate (b) at (4.0,3.0);
    \coordinate (c) at (-3.0,-5.0);
    \coordinate (d) at (-4.0,2.0);   
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (a) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (b) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (c) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (d) circle (0.1cm);
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

我应该做出一些改变。

我怎样才能在每个点附近添加一个字母？

如何增加 x 轴和 y 轴的粗细？

我想增加数字的大小。

我想为所有正数加上 + 号。

非常感谢。

答案1

仅针对轴和网格考虑以下代码：

\documentclass[tikz,border=1cm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \draw[very thin,color=gray!15,step=.5] (-6.1,-6.1) grid (6.5,6.5);
        \draw[-latex] (-6.2,0) -- (6.7,0) node[right] {$x$};
        \draw[-latex] (0,-6.2) -- (0,6.7) node[above] {$y$};
        \coordinate [label=below left:O] (a) at (0,0);
        \foreach \i in {-6,...,-2,-1,1,2,...,6}
        \draw[gray!65] (\i,.1)--(\i,-.1) node[below] {$\i$};
        \foreach \i in {-6,...,-2,-1,1,2,...,6}
        \draw[gray!65] (.1,\i)--(-.1,\i) node[left] {$\i$};
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出：

在此处输入图片描述

添加：如果您想添加点和标签，请在\tkzpicture代码中输入以下代码：

\filldraw[black,opacity=.5] (2,0) circle(3pt) node[above] {$A$};
        \filldraw[black,opacity=.5] (4,3) circle(3pt) node[above] {$B$};
        \filldraw[black,opacity=.5] (-3,0) circle(3pt) node[above] {$C$};
        \filldraw[black,opacity=.5] (-4,2) circle(3pt) node[above] {$D$};

答案2

  • label在 s后面添加 a \coordinate，见下面的示例。
  • \tkzAxeXY[very thick]， 例如。
  • \tkzAxeXY[label options={font=\Large}]例如。（当然，除了 之外，还要添加该选项very thick，见下面的示例。）
  • \tkzAxeXY使用包\numprint中的命令numprint来打印数字，因此您可以\npaddplus在之后立即添加该包中的宏\begin{tikzpicture}。
  • \tkzAxeXY[orig=false]删除零，然后使用 手动添加一个不带加号的零\node [below right=3pt,fill=white,font=\Large] {$0$};。

代码输出

\documentclass[border=3]{standalone}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetkzobj{all}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    % \tkzAxeXY uses numprint for number printing
    % this macro turns on explicit plus signs
    \npaddplus

    \tkzInit[xmin=-6,ymin=-6,xmax=6,ymax=6]
    \tkzGrid % moved before \tkzAxeXY
    \tkzAxeXY[
       very thick, % increase width of axes lines
       label options={font=\Large,}, % increase font size 
       orig=false % don't print zeros
    ]
    % add zero label manually
    \node [below right=3pt,fill=white,font=\Large] {$0$};

    % use label=<position>:<text> to add labels next to coordinates
    \coordinate [label=above right:$A$] (a) at (2.0,0.0);
    \coordinate [label=above left:$B$] (b) at (4.0,3.0);
    \coordinate [label=below right:$C$] (c) at (-3.0,-5.0);
    \coordinate [label=below left:$D$] (d) at (-4.0,2.0);   
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (a) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (b) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (c) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (d) circle (0.1cm);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

我找不到移动轴标签的方法，所以下面有点儿像 hack。\tkzAxeXY我没有使用 ，而是分别使用了\tkzAxeX和\tkzAxeY，因为样式似乎不能单独设置。为了同时更改位置和字体大小，我在设置中添加了格式化宏label。因此，label=\raisebox{4mm}{\Large$y$}将\tkzAxeYy 标签向上移动一点并增加字体大小，label=\hspace{4mm}\Large$x$对于 x 轴，同样使用\hspace将其向右移动。

以下代码的输出

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usetkzobj{all}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    % \tkzAxeXY uses numprint for number printing
    % this macro turns on explicit plus signs
    \npaddplus

    \tkzInit[xmin=-6,ymin=-6,xmax=6,ymax=6]
    \tkzGrid % moved before \tkzAxeXY
    \tkzAxeX[
       label=\hspace{4mm}\Large$x$,
       very thick, % increase width of axes lines
       label options={font=\Large}, % increase font size 
       orig=false % don't print zeros
    ]
    \tkzAxeY[
       label=\raisebox{4mm}{\Large$y$},
       very thick, % increase width of axes lines
       label options={font=\Large,}, % increase font size 
       orig=false % don't print zeros
    ]
    % add zero label manually
    \node [below right=3pt,fill=white,font=\Large] {$0$};

    % use label=<position>:<text> to add labels next to coordinates
    \coordinate [label=above right:$A$] (a) at (2.0,0.0);
    \coordinate [label=above left:$B$] (b) at (4.0,3.0);
    \coordinate [label=below right:$C$] (c) at (-3.0,-5.0);
    \coordinate [label=below left:$D$] (d) at (-4.0,2.0);   
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (a) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (b) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (c) circle (0.1cm);
    \draw [color=black,fill=gray,fill opacity=0.5] (d) circle (0.1cm);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

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