我在实验室笔记本中使用 listings 包来编写代码和包含电子邮件副本。它运行良好。
但因为我永远记不住我用于电子邮件的选项（主要是为了让我能直接粘贴而不更改某些字符），所以我想创建一个新的环境，即一个别名。我似乎无法让它工作。
下面是一个 MWE。如果我取消注释\begin{lstlisting}[inputencoding=latin1, style=email]和相关的\end{lstlisting}，并注释\begin{Email}和它的\end，它就可以正常工作。如果我保持原样，我会得到
！LaTeX 错误：\begin{Email} 在输入第 96 行以 \end{document} 结束。
这对我来说没什么意义。显然我的 \newenvironment 命令有问题，但我无论如何也想不出是什么问题！有什么建议吗？
梅威瑟：
\documentclass[nobib, sfsidenotes]{tufte-book}
%%%%%%%%%
% color stuff %
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
% COLORS (Tango) Mostly by Philip Bunge
% http://pbunge.crimson.ch/
\definecolor{tenPercentGrey}{gray}{0.9}
\definecolor{White}{gray}{0.9}
\definecolor{Black}{gray}{0.0}
\definecolor{LightButter}{rgb}{0.98,0.91,0.31}
\definecolor{LightOrange}{rgb}{0.98,0.68,0.24}
\definecolor{LightChocolate}{rgb}{0.91,0.72,0.43}
\definecolor{LightChameleon}{rgb}{0.54,0.88,0.20}
\definecolor{LightSkyBlue}{rgb}{0.45,0.62,0.81}
\definecolor{LightPlum}{rgb}{0.68,0.50,0.66}
\definecolor{LightScarletRed}{rgb}{0.93,0.16,0.16}
\definecolor{Butter}{rgb}{0.93,0.86,0.25}
\definecolor{Orange}{rgb}{0.96,0.47,0.00}
\definecolor{Chocolate}{rgb}{0.75,0.49,0.07}
\definecolor{Chameleon}{rgb}{0.45,0.82,0.09}
\definecolor{SkyBlue}{rgb}{0.20,0.39,0.64}
\definecolor{Plum}{rgb}{0.46,0.31,0.48}
\definecolor{ScarletRed}{rgb}{0.80,0.00,0.00}
\definecolor{DarkButter}{rgb}{0.77,0.62,0.00}
\definecolor{DarkOrange}{rgb}{0.80,0.36,0.00}
\definecolor{DarkChocolate}{rgb}{0.56,0.35,0.01}
\definecolor{DarkChameleon}{rgb}{0.30,0.60,0.02}
\definecolor{DarkSkyBlue}{rgb}{0.12,0.29,0.53}
\definecolor{DarkPlum}{rgb}{0.36,0.21,0.40}
\definecolor{DarkScarletRed}{rgb}{0.64,0.00,0.00}
\definecolor{Aluminium1}{rgb}{0.93,0.93,0.92}
\definecolor{Aluminium2}{rgb}{0.82,0.84,0.81}
\definecolor{Aluminium3}{rgb}{0.73,0.74,0.71}
\definecolor{Aluminium4}{rgb}{0.53,0.54,0.52}
\definecolor{Aluminium5}{rgb}{0.33,0.34,0.32}
\definecolor{Aluminium6}{rgb}{0.18,0.20,0.21}
%%% LISTINGS
\usepackage[]{listings}
\lstset{
backgroundcolor=\color{tenPercentGrey}, %
basicstyle=\color{Black}\ttfamily{}, %
keywordstyle=[1]\color{DarkSkyBlue}, %
keywordstyle=[2]\color{DarkScarletRed}, %
keywordstyle=[3]\bfseries{}, %
keywordstyle=[4]\color{DarkPlum}, %
keywordstyle=[5]\color{SkyBlue}, %
commentstyle=\color{Aluminium4}, %
stringstyle=\color{Chocolate}, %
identifierstyle=\color{Black}, %
emphstyle=\color{Black}, %
numbers=left, %
stepnumber=1, %
frame=tb, %
captionpos=b, %
lineskip=\smallskipamount{}, %
aboveskip=\bigskipamount{}, %
belowskip=\medskipamount{}, %
commentstyle=\itshape\small{}, %
tabsize=2, %
breaklines=true, %
postbreak=\raisebox{0ex}[0ex][0ex]{\ensuremath{\color{red}\hookrightarrow\space}}, %
rulecolor=\color{Black!30}, %
showspaces=false, %
showstringspaces=false, %
showtabs=false, %
breaklines=TRUE,
language=R
}
%
\lstdefinestyle{email}
{
stringstyle=\color{Black}, %
texcl=true,
postbreak=,
literate={’}{'}{1}
{“}{``}{1}
{”}{''}{1}
{•}{- }{1}
{—}{--}{1}
{–}{--}{1},
language=R
}
%
%
%%%%%%%%
\newenvironment{Email}{
\begin{lstlisting}[inputencoding=latin1, style=email]
} {
\end{lstlisting}
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{document}
%
%\begin{lstlisting}[inputencoding=latin1, style=email]
\begin{Email}
Test email text
\end{Email}
%\end{lstlisting}
%
\end{document}
答案1
嵌套逐字内容并不容易，尤其是对于这种情况listings提供\lstnewenvironment以便使用户能够应用自定义的listings环境。
的语法\lstnewenvironment与 相同，\newenviroment但正确地包裹了底层listings机制。可选参数可用于\lstset，其中某些默认值（例如）style=email已在环境启动代码中指定。
另一个可能的答案将采用一些奇怪\scantokens等的方法或提供的非常好的列表环境tcolorbox。
\documentclass[nobib, sfsidenotes]{tufte-book}
%%%%%%%%%
% color stuff %
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
% COLORS (Tango) Mostly by Philip Bunge
% http://pbunge.crimson.ch/
\definecolor{tenPercentGrey}{gray}{0.9}
\definecolor{White}{gray}{0.9}
\definecolor{Black}{gray}{0.0}
\definecolor{LightButter}{rgb}{0.98,0.91,0.31}
\definecolor{LightOrange}{rgb}{0.98,0.68,0.24}
\definecolor{LightChocolate}{rgb}{0.91,0.72,0.43}
\definecolor{LightChameleon}{rgb}{0.54,0.88,0.20}
\definecolor{LightSkyBlue}{rgb}{0.45,0.62,0.81}
\definecolor{LightPlum}{rgb}{0.68,0.50,0.66}
\definecolor{LightScarletRed}{rgb}{0.93,0.16,0.16}
\definecolor{Butter}{rgb}{0.93,0.86,0.25}
\definecolor{Orange}{rgb}{0.96,0.47,0.00}
\definecolor{Chocolate}{rgb}{0.75,0.49,0.07}
\definecolor{Chameleon}{rgb}{0.45,0.82,0.09}
\definecolor{SkyBlue}{rgb}{0.20,0.39,0.64}
\definecolor{Plum}{rgb}{0.46,0.31,0.48}
\definecolor{ScarletRed}{rgb}{0.80,0.00,0.00}
\definecolor{DarkButter}{rgb}{0.77,0.62,0.00}
\definecolor{DarkOrange}{rgb}{0.80,0.36,0.00}
\definecolor{DarkChocolate}{rgb}{0.56,0.35,0.01}
\definecolor{DarkChameleon}{rgb}{0.30,0.60,0.02}
\definecolor{DarkSkyBlue}{rgb}{0.12,0.29,0.53}
\definecolor{DarkPlum}{rgb}{0.36,0.21,0.40}
\definecolor{DarkScarletRed}{rgb}{0.64,0.00,0.00}
\definecolor{Aluminium1}{rgb}{0.93,0.93,0.92}
\definecolor{Aluminium2}{rgb}{0.82,0.84,0.81}
\definecolor{Aluminium3}{rgb}{0.73,0.74,0.71}
\definecolor{Aluminium4}{rgb}{0.53,0.54,0.52}
\definecolor{Aluminium5}{rgb}{0.33,0.34,0.32}
\definecolor{Aluminium6}{rgb}{0.18,0.20,0.21}
%%% LISTINGS
\usepackage[]{listings}
\lstset{
backgroundcolor=\color{tenPercentGrey}, %
basicstyle=\color{Black}\ttfamily{}, %
keywordstyle=[1]\color{DarkSkyBlue}, %
keywordstyle=[2]\color{DarkScarletRed}, %
keywordstyle=[3]\bfseries{}, %
keywordstyle=[4]\color{DarkPlum}, %
keywordstyle=[5]\color{SkyBlue}, %
commentstyle=\color{Aluminium4}, %
stringstyle=\color{Chocolate}, %
identifierstyle=\color{Black}, %
emphstyle=\color{Black}, %
numbers=left, %
stepnumber=1, %
frame=tb, %
captionpos=b, %
lineskip=\smallskipamount{}, %
aboveskip=\bigskipamount{}, %
belowskip=\medskipamount{}, %
commentstyle=\itshape\small{}, %
tabsize=2, %
breaklines=true, %
postbreak=\raisebox{0ex}[0ex][0ex]{\ensuremath{\color{red}\hookrightarrow\space}}, %
rulecolor=\color{Black!30}, %
showspaces=false, %
showstringspaces=false, %
showtabs=false, %
breaklines=TRUE,
language=R
}
%
\lstdefinestyle{email}
{
stringstyle=\color{Black}, %
texcl=true,
postbreak=,
literate={’}{'}{1}
{“}{``}{1}
{”}{''}{1}
{•}{- }{1}
{—}{--}{1}
{–}{--}{1},
language=R
}
%
%
%%%%%%%%
\lstnewenvironment{Email}[1][]{\lstset{inputencoding=latin1, style=email,#1}%
}{%
}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\begin{document}
%
%\begin{lstlisting}[inputencoding=latin1, style=email]
\begin{Email}
Test email text
\end{Email}
%\end{lstlisting}
%
\end{document}
