☰

如何显示文件特定列中的特定行

tag-icon • tag-icon bash shell shell-script grep cut
如何显示文件特定列中的特定行

首先，我不允许使用 awk、sed 或 perl。

对于我的任务，我收到了一份员工名单文件：

Marketing  Ranjit Singh   FULLEagles       Dean Johnson   
Marketing  Ken Whillans   FULLEagles       Karen Thompson 
Sales      Peter RobertsonPARTGolden TigersRich Gardener  
President  Sandeep Jain   CONTWimps        Ken Whillans   
Operations John Thompson  PARTHawks        Cher           
Operations Cher           CONTVegans       Karen Patel    
Sales      John Jacobs    FULLHawks        Davinder Singh 
Finance    Dean Johnson   FULLVegans       Sandeep Jain   
EngineeringKaren Thompson PARTVegans       John Thompson  
IT         Rich Gardener  FULLGolden TigersPeter Robertson
IT         Karen Patel    FULLWimps        Ranjit Singh

长话短说，系统会提示用户提供名称或名称的一部分，并且仅在第二“列”中搜索该单词。如果在那里找到，则询问用户是否想要该人的团队名称（第三列，“部分”或“完整”等旁边的单词）或该人的搭档（最后一列）。

最终结果只是在团队名称或合作伙伴旁边显示全名。

我无法弄清楚最后一步......仅剪切与原始搜索匹配的行并仅显示所需的“列”。

while :
do
    echo Enter the name of the player you want to search for:
    read name
    if (cut -c12-26 emplist | grep -n ${name} > namefile)
    then
        while :
        do
            echo 'See partner (P/p) or team name (T/t)?'
            read answer
            if [ ${answer} = "T" -o ${answer} = "t" ]
            then
                **#Steps for showing only the full name and the team name** 
                break
            elif [ ${answer} = "P" -o ${answer} = "p" ]
            then
                **#Steps for showing only the full name and the partner name**
                break
            else
                echo Please enter only T or M.
            fi
            done
    elif [ ${name} = "ZZZ" ]
    then
        break
    else
        echo Name not found.
    fi
done

答案1

您可以执行类似的操作（此处用于搜索John和报告团队）：

$ cut -c12-26 <emplist | paste -d: - emplist | grep '^[^:]*John' | cut -c1-16,47-59
John Thompson  :Hawks
John Jacobs    :Hawks
Dean Johnson   :Vegans

答案2

Stephane 已经为您提供了一种使用方法cut，但如果您想纯粹在 bash 中执行此操作，您可以尝试以下操作：

#!/usr/bin/env bash

## Declare the associative arrays that will
## hold your data
declare -A partner;
declare -A team;

## Read the data
while IFS= read line
do
    ## Extract the relevant column
    fullname="${line:11:15}"

    ## save the other columns in their arrays
    partner["$fullname"]="${line:43}"
    team["$fullname"]="${line:30:13}"
done < emplist

echo "Enter the name of the player you want to search for:"
read name

## Check that the name exists or exit
if ! grep -q "$name" emplist 
then
     echo "Name not found"
     exit 
fi


## Read what we're after
while true;
do
    echo "See partner (P/p) or team name (T/t)?"
    read answer
    case $answer in
        [tTpP])
            break
            ;;
        *)
            echo "Please enter only T or M."
    esac          
done
## Now go through each of the names in the 
## second column and check if they match the
## name requested.
for fullname in "${!partner[@]}"
do
    if [[ $fullname =~ $name ]]; 
    then 
            case $answer in
                [tT])
                    printf "%s\t%s\n" "$fullname" "${team[$fullname]}"
                    ;;
                [pP])
                    printf "%s\t%s\n" "$fullname" "${partner[$fullname]}"
                    ;;
            esac
    fi
done

相关内容