我正在使用tikz绘制一个图形tikzpicture，它工作正常。但是，如果我尝试使用语法插入图形
\begin{figure} ...\end{figure}
我得到了错误
\begin{document} 以 \end{figure} 结束
如果我删除，\usepackage{tikz}那么我就可以插入图形，但会出现错误tikzpicture。
\documentclass[oneside,12pt,a4paper]{book}
\usepackage{UTMThesis}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
%**************** Chapter 1(blocks\nodes***************%
\draw node[draw, below of=title, align=center] (int)at (-1,-0.7) {Chapter 1 };
\draw node[draw, below of=int,align=center] (c12) at (-7,-2.8) {A};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c13) at (-5,-4.3) {B};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c14) at (-3,-2.8) {C};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c15) at (-1,-4.3) {D};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c16) at (1,-2.8) {E};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c17) at (4,-2.8) {F};
%************for arrow/lines**************%
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c12);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c13);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c14);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c15);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c16);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c17);
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{figure}[tbh]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.4]{example-image}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
有人能帮助我吗？提前致谢。
UTMthesis.sty在这儿
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% The package UTMthesis.sty will produce the output %
% of a thesis according to UTM Thesis Manual, %
% School of Graduate Studies, 2007. %
% Yusof Yaacob, Department of Mathematical Sciences, %
% Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia %
% 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia %
% e-mail: [email protected] %
% 24 December 2009 %
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% LaTeX cod for chapter header
\makeatletter
\def\@makechapterhead#1{
%\vspace*{20\p@} % \vspace*{15\p@}
{\parindent \z@
\centering
\normalfont
\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
\if@mainmatter
\normalsize
\bfseries \@chapapp\space \thechapter
\par\nobreak
\vskip 1.4\baselineskip
\fi
\fi
\interlinepenalty\@M
\normalsize
\bfseries #1\par\nobreak
\vskip 1.4\baselineskip %
}}
\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn
\@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%
\else
\@makeschapterhead{#1}
\@afterheading
\fi}
\def\@makeschapterhead#1{
%\vspace*{20\p@} % \vspace*{20\p@} %
{\parindent \z@
\centering
\normalfont
\interlinepenalty\@M
\normalsize
\bfseries #1\par\nobreak
\vskip 1.4\baselineskip
}}
\makeatother
\renewcommand{\chaptername}{CHAPTER}
%------------------------------------------------------------
% Commands for layout
%\setlength{\topmargin}{-1.2cm}
%\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{1.7cm} %\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{1.46cm}
\setlength{\textwidth}{14.5cm}
\setlength{\textheight}{24.5cm} % \setlength{\textheight}{24.5cm}
%\setlength{\headheight}{2mm}
%\setlength{\headsep}{10.175mm}
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% Command for 1.5 spacing
%\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.5}
\usepackage{doublespace}
\setstretch{1.5}
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% Command for indentation
\setlength\parindent{.5in}
\usepackage{indentfirst} %1st line indented after section...
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% Command for space between paragraph
\makeatletter
%\setlength{\parskip}{1.5\baselineskip \@plus 3ex
% \@minus 2.0ex}
\setlength{\parskip}{2\baselineskip \@plus .01ex
\@minus .01ex}
\makeatother
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% Commands for no hyphenation and right justified
\hyphenpenalty=10000 \sloppy
\raggedbottom
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% Command to get rid of default running head
\pagestyle{myheadings}
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% Command for page number
% \makeatletter
% \renewcommand{\ps@plain}{%
% \renewcommand{\@oddhead}{\hfill\textrm{\thepage}}
% \renewcommand{\@evenhead}{\@oddhead}
% \renewcommand{\@evenfoot}{}
% \renewcommand{\@oddfoot}{} }
% \makeatother
%-----------------------------------------------------------------
%For section font
% \usepackage{sectsty}
% \chapterfont{\centering\normalsize\uppercase}
% \sectionfont{\normalsize\uppercase}
% \subsectionfont{\normalsize}
% \subsubsectionfont{\itshape\normalsize}
%---------------------------------------------------------
%--------------------------------------------------------------
% Commands for REFERENCES name
\renewcommand{\bibname}{REFERENCES}
%--------------------------------------------------------------
% Commands to change vertical space in section and subsection
\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\section}{\@startsection
{section}% % the name
{1} % the level
{0cm} % the indent
{1.0cm} % the beforeskip
{0.01cm} %{0.5cm} % the afterskip
{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries} } % the style
\renewcommand{\subsection}{\@startsection
{subsection}% % the name
{2} % the leve2
{0cm} % the indent
{1.0cm} % the beforeskip
{0.01cm} %{0.5cm} % the afterskip
{\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries} } % the style
\makeatother
%--------------------------------------------------------------
% Commands to change horizontal space in section and subsection
% for times romans
\renewcommand{\thesection} % space between sect. etc.
{\thechapter.\arabic{section}\hspace{.12in}}
\renewcommand{\thesubsection}
{\thesection\hspace{-.3cm}.\arabic{subsection} \hspace{-.135cm}}
%--------------------------------------------------------------
% Commands for TocLoFT
\usepackage{tocloft}
%\cftsetrmarg{2.75cm} %
\cftsetrmarg{1.5cm} %
\cftsetpnumwidth{1.25cm}
%\cftsetpnumwidth{1.25cm}
\renewcommand{\cftdot}{} % get rid of dots
%Table of Contents
\renewcommand{\contentsname}{} % off tocname
\setlength{\cftchapindent}{.8cm} % chapter indent
\setlength{\cftsecindent}{2.3cm} % section indent
\setlength{\cftsubsecindent}{3.25cm} % subsection indent
\setlength{\cftchapnumwidth}{1.45cm} % chp number width
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% \renewcommand{\cftchapafterpnum}{\rule{1.75ex}{0ex}}
% \renewcommand{\cftsecafterpnum}{\rule{1.75ex}{0ex}}
% \renewcommand{\cftsubsecafterpnum}{\rule{1.75ex}{0ex}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\renewcommand{\cftchapafterpnum}{\rule{0.75ex}{0ex}}
\renewcommand{\cftsecafterpnum}{\rule{0.75ex}{0ex}}
\renewcommand{\cftsubsecafterpnum}{\rule{0.75ex}{0ex}}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\renewcommand{\cftchappagefont}{\normalfont}
%-------------------------------------------------------------
%List of Table
\setlength{\cfttabnumwidth}{2.5cm} %\setlength{\cfttabnumwidth}{2.5cm}
\renewcommand{\listtablename}{} % off lotname
%\setlength{\cfttabindent}{-.015cm} % table indent %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\setlength{\cfttabindent}{-.1cm} % table indent %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\renewcommand{\cfttabafterpnum}{\rule{2ex}{0ex}}
\cftsetrmarg{3cm}
%------------------------------------------------------------
%List of Figure
\setlength{\cftfignumwidth}{2.5cm}
\renewcommand{\listfigurename}{} % off lofname
\setlength{\cftfigindent}{-.1cm} % figure indent %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\renewcommand{\cftfigafterpnum}{\rule{2ex}{0ex}}
%-------------------------------------------------------------
%-------------------------------------------------------------
% Command for bold caption
\makeatletter
\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{\vskip 10\p@ % caption parameter
\setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{{#1\,\,\,\,\,} #2} %%%%%
\ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize % caption parameter
{#1\,\,\,\,\,} #2\par % caption parameter
\else % caption parameter
\hbox to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil} % caption parameter
\fi} % caption parameter
\makeatother
\renewcommand{\thefigure}{\arabic{chapter}.\arabic{figure}}
\renewcommand{\thetable}{\arabic{chapter}.\arabic{table}}
%--------------------------------------------------------------
\usepackage{paralist} %refine list item
%--------------------------------------------------------------
\usepackage{latexsym,amsmath,amssymb} % math symbols
%--------------------------------------------------------------
\usepackage{graphicx} % .eps graphic
%--------------------------------------------------------------
\usepackage{lscape} % for landscape
%--------------------------------------------------------------
\usepackage{times}
%--------------------------------------------------------------
% Theorem-Like-Environment
\usepackage{theorem}
{\theorembodyfont{\upshape}
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[chapter]
\newtheorem{theorem}{\rule{0ex}{5ex}Theorem}[chapter]
\newtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}[chapter]
\newtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}[chapter]
\newtheorem{definition}{\rule{0ex}{5ex}Definition}[chapter]
\newtheorem{example}{Example}[chapter] }
%--------------------------------------------------------
\newenvironment{proof}{\begin{paragraph}
{Proof}\vspace{-1cm}}{\end{paragraph}}
\newenvironment{solution}{\begin{paragraph}
{Solution}\vspace{-1cm}}{\end{paragraph}}
%-----------------------------------------------------------
亲切的问候，Bibigul
答案1
编辑：
- 将您的包插入
tikzpicure浮动figure环境不会导致任何错误，UTMThesis无论是否使用您的包 - 您的图片代码不是导致您出现问题的原因
- 在您的文档中，您没有
figure用 终止浮动\end{figure}。从您的 MWE（最小工作示例）中无法看到它在您的文档中的位置。您的 MWE 不包含figure浮动。
题外话：你的图片代码很奇怪...使用的语法是错误的。例如：
\draw node[draw, below of=title, align=center] (int) at (-1,-0.7) {Chapter 1 };
由于text width=<width>未定义，因此align=center是多余的（节点大小由节点内容大小决定，因此没有什么可以居中），但是主要问题是节点的定位：
title没有定义，因此下面的=title 没有意义- 定位
at (-1,-0.7)仅适用于节点，不适用于命令\draw node ...。
此行的正确代码是：
\draw (-1,-0.7) node[draw] (int) {Chapter 1}
或更短
\node[draw] (int) at (-1,-0.7) {Chapter 1}
此外，在节点之间画线也没有必要那么复杂。可以简化（以更清晰、更简短的方式）：
\draw[->] (int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) -| (c12);
考虑到上述情况，MWE 为：
\documentclass[oneside,12pt,a4paper]{book}
\usepackage{UTMThesis}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[
every node/.style = {draw}
]
%**************** Chapter 1(blocks\nodes***************%
\node (int) at (-1,-0.7) {Chapter 1 };
\node (c12) at (-7,-2.8) {A};
\node (c13) at (-5,-4.3) {B};
\node (c14) at (-3,-2.8) {C};
\node (c15) at (-1,-4.3) {D};
\node (c16) at (1,-2.8) {E};
\node (c17) at (4,-2.8) {F};
%************for arrow/lines**************%
\draw[->] (int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) -| (c12);
\draw[->] (int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) -| (c13);
\draw[->] (int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) -| (c14);
\draw[->] (int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) -| (c15);
\draw[->] (int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) -| (c16);
\draw[->] (int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) -| (c17);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
这使：
您的图像呈现了一棵有分叉边缘的树。使用tikz库可以使其变得更加简单trees：
\documentclass[oneside,12pt,a4paper]{book}
\usepackage{UTMThesis}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{trees}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}[
every node/.style = {draw},
level distance = 22mm,
sibling distance = 15mm
]
\node {Chapter 1}
[edge from parent fork down]
child { node {A}}
child { node {B}}
child { node {C}}
child { node {D}}
child { node {E}}
child { node {F}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{This is for test}
\end{figure}
\end{document}
答案2
您的标签中没有错误，我插入它只是\begin{figure}...\caption{...}\end{figure}为了测试问题，没有错误。您能详细说明您的要求吗？请参阅下面的代码，这是我尝试的：
\documentclass[oneside,12pt,a4paper]{book}
%\usepackage{UTMThesis}%%Just comment it to check the output
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
%**************** Chapter 1(blocks\nodes***************%
\draw node[draw, below of=title, align=center] (int)at (-1,-0.7) {Chapter 1 };
\draw node[draw, below of=int,align=center] (c12) at (-7,-2.8) {A};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c13) at (-5,-4.3) {B};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c14) at (-3,-2.8) {C};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c15) at (-1,-4.3) {D};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c16) at (1,-2.8) {E};
\draw node[draw, below of=int, align=center] (c17) at (4,-2.8) {F};
%************for arrow/lines**************%
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c12);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c13);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c14);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c15);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c16);
\draw[->, to path={-| (\tikztotarget)}](int.south) -- ++(0,-0.5) edge (c17);
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{This is for test}
\end{figure}
\end{document}