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inotifywait 对文件或目录执行不同的操作

tag-icon • tag-icon bash ubuntu files directory inotify
inotifywait 对文件或目录执行不同的操作

我试图让inotifywait脚本在看到监视目录中出现 close_write 标志时对文件和文件夹采取不同的操作，但似乎无法使检查工作。

在其他脚本中，我一直使用这些类型的检查，它们只是工作，但似乎有些东西inotifywait我还没有掌握。

这是当前形式的脚本：

    #!/bin/bash

    dir1=/sambashares

    while true; do
     inotifywait -r -e close_write "$dir1" | while read f; do
      #debug
      echo $f
      #Is it a directory?
      if [[ -d "${f}" ]]; then
       #debug
       echo "New directory called ${f} detected"
       chown -R jake:jake $f
       chmod -R 775 $f
       cp -R $f /media/lacie/Film
      fi
      #Is it a file?
      if [[ -f "${f}" ]]; then 
      #debug
      echo "New file called ${f} detected"
      chown jake:jake $f
      chmod 775 $f
      cp $f /media/lacie/Film
      fi

     done
    done

如果我在终端中运行它来查看发生了什么，我得到的只是检测到 close_write 的确认，然后是“设置监视”，没有任何其他消息或任何其他代码被触发，甚至没有直接调试回显以下：

 while read f; do

:-(

我在 Ubuntu 服务器 12.04 LTS 64 位上运行它。

$ bash --version
GNU bash, version 4.2.25(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)

$ dpkg -l | grep inotify
ii  inotify-tools                    3.13-3
ii  libinotifytools0                 3.13-3
ii  python-pyinotify                 0.9.2-1

$ python --version
Python 2.7.3

答案1

以下对我有用：

例子

inotifywait下面显示了使用与您自己的方法类似的方法的示例。

$ inotifywait -r -e close_write "somedir" | while read f; do echo "$f hi";done
Setting up watches.  Beware: since -r was given, this may take a while!
Watches established.

然后我进入目录somedir并触摸一个文件，touch afile.这会导致inotifywait窗口中发生这种情况：

somedir/ CLOSE_WRITE,CLOSE afile hi

笔记：要获得所有输出，inotifywait您可以稍微修改您的示例：

$ inotifywait -r -e close_write "somedir" 2>&1 | \
    while read f; do echo "$f | hi";done
Setting up watches.  Beware: since -r was given, this may take a while! | hi
Watches established. | hi

再次使用命令触摸文件，touch afile我现在看到了该事件：

somedir/ CLOSE_WRITE,CLOSE afile | hi

有关演示如何使用的另一个示例，inotifywait请查看我在回答此问答时所展示的示例，标题为：自动检测文件何时达到大小限制。

你的问题

我认为您遇到的问题的一部分在于您假设返回的输出inotifywait只是文件的名称，但从上述示例来看，它显然不是。

所以这些if语句永远不会成功：

  if [[ -d "${f}" ]]; then

and

  if [[ -f "${f}" ]]; then

在开发此类 Bash 脚本时，通过顶部的此命令启用调试消息通常很有帮助：

set -x

您可以通过以下方式禁用它：

set +x

您可以使用这些消息来包装代码部分以打开/关闭它。

set -x
...code...
set +x

答案2

感谢 slm 提供的信息，让它正常工作:-)

#!/bin/bash

# Written by Jan Duprez and licensed as
# do whatever you want with this but don't come whining
# if you somehow manage to trash your system with it.
# You pressed the buttons, remember?

# This script uses inotifywait to watch a directory and copies
# files or directories moved into it to another folder.

# The commandline parameters are:
# 1 - Directory to watch
# 2 - Directory where new file/folder is copied to
# 3 - UID to use to chmod the file/folder in BOTH dirs
# 4 - GID to use to chmod the file/folder in BOTH dirs
# 5 - permissions to set for the new file/folder in BOTH dirs

dir1=$1
dir2=$2
user=$3
group=$4
perms=$5

# Check if commandline parameters are all there, show reminder if not
if [[ -z $dir1 || -z $dir2 || -z $user || -z $group || -z $perms ]];
then    
    echo -e "Please provide a source dir as 1st parameter"
            echo -e "Please provide a dest dir as 2nd parameter"
            echo -e "Please provide a UID as 3rd parameter"
            echo -e "Please provide a GID as 4th parameter"
            echo -e "Please provide a file permission string (ex 755) as 5th parameter"
    exit
fi

# Good to go, start watching
while true; do

#add -e close_write and -e create for testing
inotifywait -r -e move "$dir1" | while read f; do

#Get part after inotify triggers with awk, remove leading spaces with sed
new=`echo $f | awk '{$1=$2=""; print $0}' | sed 's/^ *//'`
#And the preconstruded full path to avoid ugly buggery between the  [[ ]]    test
test=$dir1$new

    if [[ -d "${test}" ]] ; then
    chown -R $user:$group "$dir1$new"
    chmod -R $perms "$dir1$new"
    cp -R "$dir1$new" "$dir2"
    chown -R $user:$group "$dir2$new"
    fi

    if [[ -f "${test}" ]] ; then
    chown $user:$group "$dir1$new"
    chmod $perms "$dir1$new"
    cp "$dir1$new" "$dir2"
    chown $user:$group "$dir2$new"
    fi
done
done

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